Botswana: Facts & Stats

Written and fact-checked by The Information Architects of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Dec 23, 2025

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Also Known As	Bechuanaland • Republic of Botswana
Head Of State And Government	President: Duma Boko
Capital	Gaborone³
Population	(2025 est.) 2,475,000
Currency Exchange Rate	1 USD equals 14.038 Botswana pula
Form Of Government	multiparty republic with one legislative house¹ (National Assembly [63²])
Official Language	English⁴
Official Religion	none
Official Name	Republic of Botswana
Total Area (Sq Km)	570,162
Total Area (Sq Mi)	220,141
Monetary Unit	pula (P)
Population Rank	(2025) 144
Population Projection 2030	2,742,000
Density: Persons Per Sq Mi	(2025) 11
Density: Persons Per Sq Km	(2025) 4.3
Urban-Rural Population	Urban: (2024) 73.5% • Rural: (2024) 26.2%
Life Expectancy At Birth	Male: (2022) 63.6 years • Female: (2022) 67.7 years
Literacy: Percentage Of Population Age 15 And Over Literate	Male: (2013) 86% • Female: (2013) 87%
Gni (U.S.$ ’000,000)	(2023) 20,694
Gni Per Capita (U.S.$)	(2023) 8,340
¹In addition, the Ntlo ya Dikgosi (known as the House of Chiefs in English), a 35-member body consisting of chiefs, subchiefs, and associated members, serves in an advisory capacity to the government. ²Includes 4 specially elected members and 2 ex officio members (the president and the attorney general); the statutory number (63) includes the speaker, who may be appointed from outside the National Assembly.³The high court meets in Lobatse.⁴Tswana is the national language.