Philosophical Issues, TRU-āST
Do you embrace weighty topics such as the relative merits of empiricism and rationalism? An inquisitive spirit is all but a prerequisite for many of the topics listed here, which deal with the different approaches to and ideas about the big questions of life.
Philosophical Issues Encyclopedia Articles By Title
truth-value, in logic, truth (T or 1) or falsity (F or 0) of a given proposition or statement. Logical connectives,......
twin paradox, an apparent anomaly that arises from the treatment of time in German-born physicist Albert Einstein’s......
unified science, in the philosophy of logical positivism, a doctrine holding that all sciences share the same language,......
universal, in philosophy, an entity used in a certain type of metaphysical explanation of what it is for things......
problem of universals, in metaphysics, the question of whether there are universals—“general” things of which particular......
upadhi, in Indian philosophy, the concept of adventitious limiting conditions. In logic, upadhi operates as follows:......
upamana, in Indian philosophy, the fourth of the five means (pramanas) by which one can have valid cognitions of......
utilitarianism, in normative ethics, a tradition stemming from the late 18th- and 19th-century English philosophers......
Vaisheshika, one of the six systems (darshans) of Indian philosophy, significant for its naturalism, a feature......
validity, In logic, the property of an argument consisting in the fact that the truth of the premises logically......
Vedanta, one of the six systems (darshans) of Indian philosophy. The term Vedanta means in Sanskrit the “conclusion”......
vedanā, (Sanskrit and Pāli), in the Buddhist chain of dependent origination, the sensation that leads to thirst.......
verifiability principle, a philosophical doctrine fundamental to the school of Logical Positivism holding that......
vijñāna-skandha, in Buddhist philosophy, one of the five skandhas, or aggregates, that constitute all that exists.......
virtue ethics, Approach to ethics that takes the notion of virtue (often conceived as excellence) as fundamental.......
Vishishtadvaita, one of the principal branches of Vedanta, a system (darshan) of Indian philosophy. This school......
vitalism, school of scientific thought—the germ of which dates from Aristotle—that attempts (in opposition to mechanism......
voluntarism, any metaphysical or psychological system that assigns to the will (Latin: voluntas) a more predominant......
Philosophy is the rational, abstract, and methodical consideration of reality and the fundamental dimensions of......
The either-or fallacy, also called a false dilemma, is a logical error that happens when someone presents only......
whataboutism, the rhetorical practice of responding to an accusation or difficult question by making a counteraccusation,......
Generally, the terms ethics and morality are used interchangeably, although a few different communities (academic,......
World-Soul, soul ascribed to the physical universe, on the analogy of the soul ascribed to human beings and other......
wuxing, originally a moral theory associated with Zisi, the grandson of Confucius, and Mencius. In the 3rd century......
yinyang, in Eastern thought, the two complementary forces that make up all aspects and phenomena of life. Yin is......
Yoga, one of the six systems (darshans) of Indian philosophy. Its influence has been widespread among many other......
Yogachara, an influential idealistic school of Mahayana Buddhism. Yogachara attacked both the complete realism......
Zhdanovshchina, cultural policy of the Soviet Union during the Cold War period following World War II, calling......
ānanda, (Sanskrit: “joy,” or “bliss”), in Indian philosophy of the Upaniṣads and the school of Vedānta, an important......
āsrāva, in Buddhist philosophy, the illusion that ceaselessly flows out from internal organs (i.e., five sense......
āstika, in Indian philosophy, any orthodox school of thought, defined as one that accepts the authority of the......