Painting, ITA-PAL
Need help distinguishing your Picassos from your Monets? Learn about history’s celebrated painters and the different styles, techniques, mediums, and forms that have been used to create such unique visual images as Salvador Dalí’s melting clock and the ever-shifting eyes of Leonardo da Vinci’s enigmatic Mona Lisa.
Painting Encyclopedia Articles By Title
Italianate painters, group of 17th-century northern European painters, principally Dutch, who traveled in Italy......
Jack of Diamonds, group of artists founded in Moscow in 1910 whose members were for the next few years the leading......
Jacobean age, (from Latin Jacobus, “James”), period of visual and literary arts during the reign of James I of......
Jalāyirid school, school of miniature painting that flourished in Baghdad, Iraq, under the Jalāyirids, a local......
Jimson Weed/White Flower No. 1, oil painting created in 1932 by pioneering American artist Georgia O’Keeffe. The......
jinbi shanshui, style of Chinese landscape painting during the Sui (581–618) and Tang (618–907) dynasties. In this......
Few criminals in American history have inspired as much horror—and morbid fascination—as John Wayne Gacy. Convicted......
Judgment of Cambyses, one side of a two-part altarpiece that was commissioned by the city of Brugge and painted......
Judith Beheading Holofernes, oil painting created in 1620 by Italian artist Artemisia Gentileschi. This is one......
Jupiter and Io, oil painting created by Italian Renaissance artist Correggio about 1530 as part of a series depicting......
kakemono, in Japanese art, scroll painting intended to be hung on a wall. See scroll...
Kanō school, family of artists whose painting style dominated Japanese art from the 15th to the 19th century. For......
Kara-e, 618–907). It was chiefly composed of imaginative landscapes in the Chinese manner and illustrations of......
Kishangarh painting, 18th-century school of the Rājasthanī style of Indian painting that arose in the princely......
Kālīghāṭ painting, short-lived style of watercolour painting produced in the 19th century in India by artists in......
La Primavera, large tempera painting on a poplar wood panel by Sandro Botticelli. It is believed to have been executed......
Landscape with the Fall of Icarus, oil painting long attributed to the Flemish artist Pieter Bruegel, the Elder,......
Las Meninas, oil painting created in 1656 by Spanish artist Diego Velázquez. Las Meninas shows Velázquez late in......
The Last Judgment, fresco by Michelangelo completed 1536–41. The Last Judgment is generally regarded as one of......
Last Supper, one of the most famous artworks in the world, painted by Leonardo da Vinci probably between 1495 and......
The Last Supper, Italian Cenacolo, is a wall painting made by Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci, probably between......
Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe, large oil painting by French artist Édouard Manet that was completed in 1863. It was rejected......
Leonardo da Vinci discussed the parachute in a notebook entry now contained in the Codex Atlanticus. Although it......
Liberty Leading the People, oil painting (1830) by French artist Eugène Delacroix commemorating the July Revolution......
This is a list of painters organized alphabetically by country of birth or residence. (See also...
The following is an alphabetical list of techniques used in painting. The list comprises devices used to introduce......
On an autumn day in 1797, Samuel Taylor Coleridge began writing the poem “Kubla Khan,” which he claimed to have......
London Group, English artists’ association founded in November 1913 for the purpose of joint exhibition. The London......
Louis XIII style, visual arts produced in France during the reign of Louis XIII (1601–43). Louis was but a child......
Louis XIV style, visual arts produced in France during the reign of Louis XIV (1638–1715). The man most influential......
Louis XV style, in the decorative arts, a Rococo style characterized by the superior craftsmanship of 18th-century......
Louis XVI style, visual arts produced in France during the reign (1774–93) of Louis XVI, which was actually both......
luminism, late 19th-century painting style emphasizing a unique clarity of light. It was characteristic of the......
Luncheon of the Boating Party, oil painting created in 1880–81 by French artist Pierre-Auguste Renoir. Exhibited......
L’Absinthe, oil painting created by French Impressionist artist Edgar Degas in 1875–76. Its shocking subject, a......
L’Angélus, oil painting created in 1857–59 by French artist Jean-François Millet, celebrated painter of peasant......
L’Origine du Monde, realist oil painting depicting a woman’s genitalia that was created by French artist Gustave......
Ma-Xia school, group of Chinese landscape artists that used a style of painting named after Ma Yuan and Xia Gui,......
Macchiaioli, group of 19th-century Florentine and Neopolitan painters who reacted against the rule-bound Italian......
Madame X, oil painting created by Italian-born American artist John Singer Sargent in 1884. Sargent, who was largely......
Madonna Surrounded by Seraphim and Cherubim, painting that was made as the right-hand panel of The Melun Diptych,......
Madonna with the Long Neck, oil-on-panel painting by Italian artist Parmigianino (Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola),......
makimono, in Japanese art, hand scroll, or scroll painting designed to be held in the hand (as compared to a hanging......
Mansions in the Mountains, ink and color painting on silk created by the 10th-century Chinese artist Dong Yuan.......
The Marriage of the Virgin, oil painting, also known as Lo Sposalizio, that was created in 1504 by Italian Renaissance......
Mauritshuis, museum in The Hague especially noted for its Flemish and Dutch paintings from the 15th to the 17th......
Mayan Procession Scene, Mayan fresco created by unknown artists about 790 CE in the ancient Mayan city of Bonampak,......
Memory, the Heart, self-portrait created in 1937 by Mexican artist Frida Kahlo. Kahlo produced more than 55 self-portraits,......
Metaphysical painting, style of painting that flourished mainly between 1911 and 1920 in the works of the Italian......
Mewār painting, one of the most important schools of Indian miniature painting of the 17th and 18th centuries.......
miniature painting, small, finely wrought portrait executed on vellum, prepared card, copper, or ivory. The name......
Minimalism, chiefly American movement in the visual arts and music originating in New York City in the late 1960s......
Gallery of Modern Art, in Florence, Italy, museum of Italian painting and sculpture of the 19th and 20th centuries......
Mona Lisa, oil painting on a poplar wood panel by Leonardo da Vinci, probably the world’s most famous painting.......
The Monarch of the Glen, painting created in 1851 by English artist Sir Edwin Landseer. It went on to become the......
Monk by the Sea, painting in oil on canvas created by German artist Caspar David Friedrich between 1808 and 1810.......
Mont Sainte-Victoire, oil painting created in 1902–04 by French artist Paul Cézanne, one of more than 80 works......
Mosan school, regional style of Romanesque manuscript illumination, metalwork, and enamelwork that flourished in......
Moscow school, major school of late medieval Russian icon and mural painting that flourished in Moscow from about......
Mosul school, in painting, a style of miniature painting that developed in northern Iraq in the late 12th to early......
Mr. and Mrs. Andrews, oil painting created about 1750 by English artist Thomas Gainsborough. It has been called......
Mughal painting, style of painting, confined mainly to book illustration and the production of individual miniatures,......
muller, in painting, an instrument used in conjunction with a slab to grind artists’ colours by hand. The modern......
mural, a painting applied to and made integral with the surface of a wall or ceiling. The term may properly include......
Mālwa painting, 17th-century school of Rājasthanī miniature painting centred largely in Mālwa and Bundelkhand (in......
Nabis, group of artists who, through their widely diverse activities, exerted a major influence on the art produced......
The Naked Maja, oil painting created about 1795–1800 by influential Spanish artist Francisco Goya. This famously......
Nan-ga, (“Literati Painting”), style of painting practiced by numerous Japanese painters of the 18th and 19th centuries.......
Napoleon Crossing the Alps, oil equestrian portrait by celebrated French artist Jacques-Louis David that was completed......
Narcissus, oil painting by Caravaggio (byname of Michelangelo Merisi) created between 1597 and 1599. It belongs......
National Gallery, in Oslo, Norwegian national art museum, built in 1836 and enlarged in 1903–07, devoted primarily......
Nazarene, one of an association formed by a number of young German painters in 1809 to return to the medieval spirit......
Neo-Expressionism, diverse art movement (chiefly of painters) that dominated the art market in Europe and the United......
Neo-Impressionism, movement in French painting of the late 19th century that reacted against the empirical realism......
Neo-Impressionism, literally “new Impressionism,” was an avant-garde art movement that fell under the larger Post-Impressionism......
Neoclassical art, a widespread and influential movement in painting and the other visual arts that began in the......
Neue Künstlervereinigung (NKV), exhibiting group founded in Munich, Germany, in 1909 by Wassily Kandinsky, Alexey......
Neue Sachlichkeit, (German: New Objectivity), a group of German artists in the 1920s whose works were executed......
Art Gallery of New South Wales, art museum founded in Sydney in 1874 with a grant from the government. The original......
New York school, those painters who participated in the development of contemporary art from the early 1940s in......
The Night Watch, oil on canvas by Rembrandt van Rijn completed in 1642. The painting is to the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam......
Nighthawks, painting by Edward Hopper completed in 1942, and one of the most immediately recognizable works of......
nise-e, (Japanese: “likeness painting”), form of sketchy portraiture that became fashionable in the court circles......
nishiki-e, Japanese polychrome woodblock prints of the ukiyo-e school that were first made in 1765. The invention......
Nocturne in Black and Gold, the Falling Rocket, oil painting created about 1875 by American-born artist James McNeill......
Noli Me Tangere, fresco painted by early Renaissance Italian artist Fra Angelico in 1440–41 in one of the monks’......
Norwich school, significant group of English regional landscape painters that was established in 1803 as the Norwich......
Novembergruppe, group of artists from many media formed in Berlin in December 1918 by Max Pechstein and César Klein.......
Novgorod school, important school of Russian medieval icon and mural painting that flourished around the northwestern......
Nude Descending a Staircase (No. 2), oil painting created in 1912 by French artist Marcel Duchamp. The painting......
Oath of the Horatii, oil painting by French artist Jacques-Louis David that was completed in 1785. The work, depicting......
Ohara, Japanese school of floral art, founded by Ohara Unshin in the early 20th century, which introduced the moribana......
oil painting, painting in oil colours, a medium consisting of pigments suspended in drying oils. The outstanding......
Olympia, oil painting by groundbreaking French artist Édouard Manet, created in 1863. The painting aroused shock......
Ophelia, oil painting that was created in 1851–52 by John Everett Millais and first exhibited at the Royal Academy......
Orphism, in the visual arts, a trend in abstract art spearheaded by Robert Delaunay that derived from Cubism and......
Pahari painting, style of miniature painting and book illustration that developed in the independent states of......
painting, the expression of ideas and emotions, with the creation of certain aesthetic qualities, in a two-dimensional......
- Introduction
- Color, Composition, Texture
- Texture, Color, Composition
- Techniques, Methods, Media
- Fresco, Wall, Murals
- Watercolour Techniques, Pigments, History
- Synthetic, Pigments, Mediums
- Landscape, Portrait, Still Life
- Manuscript Illumination, Illuminated Manuscripts, Illumination Art
- Landscape, Portrait, Still Life
- Still Life, Composition, Technique
- Symbolism, Imagery, Expression
Western painting, history of Western painting from its beginnings in prehistoric times to the present. Painting,......
- Introduction
- Mesolithic, Cave Art, Prehistoric
- Ancient Art, Frescoes, Murals
- Ancient Greek, Renaissance, Baroque
- Archaic, Greek, Roman
- Classical, Renaissance, Baroque
- Italian, Spanish, Flemish
- Pagan, Roman, Paintings
- Early Christian, Mosaics, Frescoes
- Eastern Christian, Iconography, Frescoes
- Iconoclasm, 717-843
- Late Byzantine, Iconography, Frescoes
- Russian Icons, Frescoes, Mosaics
- Dark Ages, Medieval, Christendom
- Anglo-Saxon, Celtic, Viking
- Anglo-Saxon, England, Art
- Romanesque, Illuminated Manuscripts, Frescoes
- Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic
- High Gothic, Illuminated Manuscripts, Frescoes
- International Gothic, Illuminated Manuscripts, Frescoes
- Late Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque
- Renaissance, Italy, Art
- Masaccio, Renaissance, Frescoes
- Florentine, Renaissance, Masters
- Leonardo, Renaissance, Mona Lisa
- Italian Renaissance, Michelangelo, Da Vinci
- Venetian Art, Renaissance, Giorgione
- Italian Mannerism, Late Renaissance
- Mannerism, Florence, Rome
- Renaissance, Flanders, Netherlands
- Flemish, Dutch, Renaissance
- Baroque, Realism, Impressionism
- Baroque, Rococo, Art
- Dutch Masters, Baroque, Realism
- French Impressionism, Realism, Post-Impressionism
- British Art, Impressionism, Realism
- Colonial Americas, Baroque, Rococo
- Neoclassical, Romantic
- German, Austrian, Art
- Romanticism, Expressionism, Realism
- German Expressionism, Realism, Romanticism
- American Art, Impressionism, Realism
- Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Expressionism
- Impressionism, Color, Light
- Symbolism, Impressionism, Realism
- Modernism, Abstraction, Expressionism
- Cubism, Futurism, Expressionism
- Fantasy, Irrationality, Surrealism
- Abstract Expressionism, Pop Art, Minimalism
- Modernism, Postmodernism, Art
- Abstract, Pop Art, Minimalism
- Duchamp, Conceptualism, Postmodernism
- Pop Art, Britain, US 1960s
- Minimalism, Geometric, Abstraction
- Institutional Critique, Feminism, Conceptual Art
- Performance, Body, Art
- Renaissance, Impressionism, Expressionism
Palacio de Bellas Artes, cultural centre in Mexico City that was built between 1904 and 1934. The palace includes......