Nicholas II summary
Below is the article summary. For the full article, see Nicholas II.
Alexander III Summary
Alexander III was the emperor of Russia from 1881 to 1894, an opponent of representative government, and a supporter of Russian nationalism. He adopted programs, based on the concepts of Orthodoxy, autocracy, and narodnost (a belief in the Russian people), that included the Russification of
emperor Summary
Emperor, title designating the sovereign of an empire, conferred originally on rulers of the ancient Roman Empire and on various later European rulers, though the term is also applied descriptively to some non-European monarchs. In republican Rome (c. 509–27 bce), imperator denoted a victorious
absolutism Summary
Absolutism, the political doctrine and practice of unlimited centralized authority and absolute sovereignty, as vested especially in a monarch or dictator. The essence of an absolutist system is that the ruling power is not subject to regularized challenge or check by any other agency, be it
Konstantin Petrovich Pobedonostsev Summary
Konstantin Petrovich Pobedonostsev was a Russian civil servant and conservative political philosopher, who served as tutor and adviser to the emperors Alexander III and Nicholas II. Nicknamed the “Grand Inquisitor,” he came to be the symbol of Russian monarchal absolutism. The youngest son of a