Sue Goyette: Early work: Goyette’s first book of poetry, The True Names of Birds (1998), presents highly domestic scenes. Referring to children and parents, Goyette describes moments in their lives that, while sometimes rushed and routine, are ultimately grounded in a sense of wonder at the natural world:

migration: Birds: …directed to a point, is true navigation, or goal orientation. Both types apparently are based on celestial bearings, which provide a navigational “grid.”

Buddhism: Nichiren: They developed the Nichiren-shu (Japanese: “School of Nichiren”), which still controls the main temple founded by Nichiren at Mount Minobu. One of his disciples, Nikkō, established the Nichiren shō-shū (Japanese: “True School of Nichiren”), which taught that Nichiren, not Shakyamuni, was the saviour and that the mandala painted…

Necmettin Erbakan: A centre-right coalition of the True Path (Doğru Yol) and Motherland (Anavatan) parties then held power until internal disagreements brought it down in June. Erbakan was again asked to try to form a coalition, and this time, when Tansu Çiller, head of the True Path Party, agreed to join him,…

Henry Fielding: Maturity.: …of a new weekly paper, The True Patriot: And the History of Our Own Times, which he wrote almost single-handedly until it ceased publication on the defeat of the Pretender at the Battle of Culloden (April 16, 1746). A year later, Fielding edited another one-man weekly called The Jacobite’s Journal,…

pigeon: The Columbinae, the typical, or true, pigeons, consists of about 175 species in about 30 genera. These often gregarious seed and fruit eaters are found worldwide in temperate and tropical regions. Some are ground feeders, others feed partly or wholly in trees. They are generally coloured…

plant: Annotated classification: representative genera include Pteridium, Polypodium, Polystichum, Adiantum, and Cyathea. Class Equisetopsida (horsetails, scouring rushes) Vascular plants; sporophyte differentiated into stem, leaf, and root; stems ribbed and jointed,

porcelain: …of porcelain are true, or hard-paste, porcelain; artificial, or soft-paste, porcelain; and bone china. Porcelain was first made in China—in a primitive form during the Tang dynasty (618–907) and in the form best known in the West during the Yuan dynasty (1279–1368). This true, or hard-paste, porcelain was made from…

prairie: Tallgrass prairie, sometimes called true prairie, is found in the eastern, more humid region of the prairie that borders deciduous forest. The rich soil is laced with the deep roots of sod-forming tallgrasses such as big bluestem and prairie cordgrass (see photograph), or slough grass,…

Western architecture: From the 19th to the early 20th century: In The True Principles of Pointed or Christian Architecture (1841) he first laid down firm principles for the Victorian Gothic Revival. Architecture, he held, should be honest in its expression. Every feature of a building should be essential to its proper functioning and construction, and every…

Shin, (Japanese: “True Pure Land sect”), the largest of the popular Japanese Buddhist Pure Land sects. See Pure Land

Christian Reformed Church in North America: …1890 it united with the True Reformed Dutch Church of New York and New Jersey, which had been formed in 1822 by members who left the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church because of doctrinal disagreements. Also in 1890, the present name was adopted. The primary membership of the Christian Reformed Church,…

reptile: Annotated classification: Eureptilia (eureptiles) Late Pennsylvanian to present. Skull typically with temporal openings; prefrontal-palatine contact usually absent; supratemporal small. All taxa except for the captorhinids have diapsid skulls characterized by upper and lower temporal fenestrae. †Family Captorhinidae (captorhinids)

rib: …(whale) to 24 (sloth); of true ribs, from 3 to 10 pairs. In humans there are normally 12 pairs of ribs. The first seven pairs are attached directly to the sternum by costal cartilages and are called true ribs. The 8th, 9th, and 10th pairs—false ribs—do not join the sternum…

Patricia Arquette: …charming prostitute Alabama Whitman in True Romance (1993), written by Quentin Tarantino and directed by Tony Scott.

physical culture: Mass marketing: …which included True Story and True Romances, claimed 35 million readers.

sandalwood: …the true, or white, sandalwood, Santalum album. The group is distributed throughout southeastern Asia, Australia, and islands of the South Pacific.

dung beetle, (subfamily Scarabaeinae), any of a group of beetles in the family Scarabaeidae (insect order Coleoptera) that forms manure into a ball using its scooperlike head and paddle-shaped antennae. In some species the ball of manure can be as large as an apple. In the early part of the summer

blow fly: The true screwworm (Cochliomyia hominivorax; formerly, Callitroga americana) and the secondary screwworm (Callitroga macellaria) develop in decaying flesh in surface wounds of domestic animals and occasionally of humans, and the larvae may attack living tissue as well. Each female deposits about 200 to 400 eggs near…

sea snake: …two independently evolved groups: the true sea snakes (subfamily Hydrophiinae), which are related to Australian terrestrial elapids, and the sea kraits (subfamily Laticaudinae), which are related to the Asian cobras. Although their venom is the most potent of all snakes, human fatalities are rare because sea snakes are not aggressive,…

carnivore: (sea lions and fur seals), Phocidae (true, or earless, seals), and Odobenidae (the walrus). These aquatic families are referred to as pinnipeds.

Myxomycetes, phylum of funguslike organisms within the kingdom Protista, commonly known as true slime molds. They exhibit characteristics of both protozoans (one-celled microorganisms) and fungi. Distributed worldwide, they usually occur in decaying plant material. About 500 species have been

Sredna Mountains: …miles (68 km), lie the Sŭshtinska, or Syštinska (“True”), Sredna Mountains, which have a sharper spine of resistant, intrusive rocks. The maximum elevation in this section, 5,262 feet (1,604 m), is that of Bogdan, a peak 17 miles (27 km) west of the town of Karlovo. The Topolnitsa and Stryama…

David Byrne: …and directed the offbeat film True Stories (1986), and his contributions to the score of The Last Emperor (1987) earned him an Academy Award. Also during the 1980s he provided music for two theatre works staged by director Robert Wilson.

physical culture: Mass marketing: …pulp publishing empire, which included True Story and True Romances, claimed 35 million readers.

James Franco: Later movies: …convicted murderer Christian Longo in True Story. The film was based on a memoir by former New York Times reporter Michael Finkel (Jonah Hill), who formed a strange bond with Longo after the killer assumed his identity while attempting to evade arrest.

Chinese literature: May Fourth period: His “A-Q zhengzhuan” (1921; “The True Story of Ah Q”), a damning critique of early 20th-century conservatism in China, is the representative work of the May Fourth period and has become an international classic.

Nicholas Ray: Films of the late 1950s: The True Story of Jesse James (1957), a retelling of the legend of the famous gunfighter with Robert Wagner and Jeffrey Hunter, drew mixed reviews.

Bernal Díaz del Castillo: …sedentary historians, he wrote his Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España (1632; “True History of the Conquest of New Spain”; Eng. trans. The True History of the Conquest of Mexico), insisting that, as actor and eyewitness, he was better situated to record the truth of the expeditions…

Jon Scieszka: …the late 1980s to create The True Story of the Three Little Pigs!, a parody of the classic children’s tale, told from the perspective of the wolf, who believes he has been unjustly accused of wrongdoing. Several publishers rejected the work on the grounds that it was too sophisticated for…

swift, any of about 75 species of agile, fast-flying birds of the family Apodidae (sometimes Micropodidae), in the order Apodiformes, which also includes the hummingbirds. The family is divided into the subfamilies Apodinae, or soft-tailed swifts, and Chaeturinae, or spine-tailed swifts. Almost

Michael Cera: Music and writing: …debut solo album, the folksy True That. Cera’s other activities include fiction writing, and in 2009 he published his first short story, “Pinecone,” in McSweeney’s.

frog and toad: Annotated classification: Family Bufonidae (true toads) Paleocene (65.5 million–55.8 million years ago) to present; 5 to 8 presacral vertebrae; pectoral girdle arciferal or partly or even completely firmisternal; intercalary cartilages and omosternum absent; Bidder’s organ present; maxillary teeth present or absent; aquatic larvae, direct development, or live birth (Nectophrynoides…

tortoise, (family Testudinidae), any member of the turtle family Testudinidae. Formerly, the term tortoise was used to refer to any terrestrial turtle. The testudinids are easily recognized because all share a unique hind-limb anatomy made up of elephantine (or cylindrical) hind limbs and hind

John Smith: …the Summer Isles (1624); and The True Travels, Adventures, and Observations of Captain John Smith in Europe, Asia, Africa, and America (1630). The Mayflower colonists of 1620 brought his books and maps with them to Massachusetts. Smith died of an unrecorded illness midway through 1631, at age 51, in the…

tree frog: …tree frogs from the family Hylidae are the most numerous. Hylids are usually slender, less than 10 cm (4 inches) in length, and long-legged, and they possess enlarged adhesive disks on the tips of the fingers and toes that aid in climbing. They often possess jewel-like eyes that glint with…

Adobe Inc.: Font wars: …technology of its own, called TrueType. For more than a year the dispute, known as the font wars, roiled the computer and publishing worlds before Apple and Adobe reached a compromise. In the wake of the agreement, Microsoft abandoned its PostScript clone and adopted TrueType for its Windows operating systems.

vocal cord, either of two folds of mucous membrane that extend across the interior cavity of the larynx and are primarily responsible for voice production. Sound is produced by the vibration of the folds in response to the passage between them of air exhaled from the lungs. The frequency of these

Sir Herbert Read: His book The True Voice of Feeling: Studies in English Romantic Poetry (1953) revived the reputation of the Romantic poets. Read’s views on the role of art in education were highly influential. He occupied his later years writing, teaching, and working in publishing, and he was knighted…

predaceous diving beetle, (family Dytiscidae), any of more than 4,000 species of carnivorous, aquatic beetles (insect order Coleoptera) that prey on organisms ranging from other insects to fish larger than themselves. Diving beetles are oval and flat and range in length from 1.5 mm to more than 35

Lu Jiuyuan: …the Learning of Principle (lixue), often called the Cheng-Zhu school after its leading philosophers, Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi.

True West, drama in two acts by Sam Shepard, produced in 1980 and published in 1981. The play concerns the struggle for power between two brothers—Lee, a drifter and petty thief, and Austin, a successful screenwriter—while they collaborate on a screenplay in their mother’s southern California home.

William V. S. Tubman: …leadership of his party (the True Whig) proceeded to “kick him upstairs” to the Supreme Court, where he served as an associate justice until 1943. Then he unexpectedly announced his candidacy for the presidency. He won handily in the ensuing election and six times thereafter. In June 1944 Tubman and…

ass: …horse family, Equidae, especially the African wild ass (Equus africanus) sometimes referred to as the true ass. The related Asiatic wild ass, sometimes called the Asian wild ass or the half-ass (E. hemionus), is usually known by the local names of its various races: e.g., kulan (E. hemionus kulan, Mongolia)…

fungus: Annotated classification: Subphylum Saccharomycotina (true yeasts) Saprotrophic on plants and animals, including humans, occasionally pathogenic in plants and humans; unicellular; found in short chains; asexual reproduction by budding or fission; contains common yeasts that are relevant to industry (e.g., baking and brewing) and that cause common infections in…

porpoise: True’s porpoise (P. dalli truei) is considered by some authorities to be a separate subspecies and is distinguished from the Dall porpoise by its absence of the striking white body patches. It is found only near Japan.

Daniel Defoe: Mature life and works.: …his vigorous and witty poem The True-Born Englishman, an enormously popular work that is still very readable and relevant in its exposure of the fallacies of racial prejudice. Defoe was clearly proud of this work, because he sometimes designated himself “Author of ‘The True-Born Englishman’” in later works.

Walt Disney: Major films and television productions: One popular series, called True-Life Adventures, featured nature-based motion pictures such as Seal Island (1948), Beaver Valley (1950), and The Living Desert (1953). The Disney studio also began making full-length animation romances, such as Cinderella (1950), Alice in Wonderland (1951), and Peter Pan (1953), and produced low-budget, live-action films,…

Adobe Inc.: Font wars: …technology of its own, called TrueType. For more than a year the dispute, known as the font wars, roiled the computer and publishing worlds before Apple and Adobe reached a compromise. In the wake of the agreement, Microsoft abandoned its PostScript clone and adopted TrueType for its Windows operating systems.

François Truffaut was a French film critic, director, and producer whose attacks on established filmmaking techniques both paved the way for and pioneered the movement known as the Nouvelle Vague (New Wave). Truffaut was born into a working-class home. His own troubled childhood provided the

truffle, (genus Tuber), edible subterranean fungus, prized as a food delicacy. True truffles are in the genus Tuber (order Pezizales, phylum Ascomycota) and are native mainly to temperate regions. The different species range in size from as small as a pea to the size of an orange. The

Tasmanian Aboriginal people: The death in 1876 of Truganini, a Tasmanian Aboriginal woman who had aided the resettlement on Flinders Island, gave rise to the widely propagated myth that the Aboriginal people of Tasmania had become extinct.

abrasive: Truing, grading, and testing: Nearly all grinding wheels must be finished after they have been baked or fired. In a process called truing, the wheels are cut to final size, and the outside glazed layers resulting from the kiln are removed, making the sides of…

Jenny Holzer: Education and early work: …cultural theory culminated in the Truisms series (1977–79). The works, composed of seemingly familiar slogans such as “Abuse of power comes as no surprise,” were originally presented by Holzer as phrases on anonymous posters and were later presented on T-shirts, billboards, and electronic signs. These texts, fraught with cynicism and…

Trujillo, city, capital of Trujillo estado (state), northwestern Venezuela. The city lies on a northern outlier of the Cordillera de Mérida, 2,640 feet (805 m) above sea level. Founded in 1556, Trujillo was the site of the 1813 proclamation by the liberator Simón Bolívar, which promised a “fight to

Trujillo, city, northeastern Honduras, on Trujillo Bay, sheltered from the Caribbean Sea by Cape Honduras. Founded in 1524, the historic city was the first capital of the Spanish colonial province of Honduras, flourishing especially in the early 17th century. In 1531 it was made a bishop’s see, but

Trujillo, town, Cáceres provincia (province), in the Extremadura comunidad autónoma (autonomous community), western Spain, on the Tozo River, a tributary of the Tagus River. It is sited on a hill 25 miles (40 km) east of the provincial capital Cáceres. Trujillo was a town of importance in the

Trujillo, estado (state), northwestern Venezuela. It is bounded on the west by Lake Maracaibo and by the states of Portuguesa on the east, Mérida on the southwest, Barinas on the south, and Zulia on the north. Covered with mountains over most of its area, Trujillo is one of the truly Andean states

Trujillo, city, Peru, lying in the coastal desert, 343 miles (552 km) north-northwest of Lima. The second oldest Spanish city in Peru, Trujillo was founded in 1534 by Diego Almagro; the following year it was elevated to city status by the conquistador Francisco Pizarro, who named it after his

Carolina, town, northeastern Puerto Rico. Part of metropolitan San Juan, it is located about 12 miles (19 km) east of the capital, on the banks of the Loíza River just above its marshy lowlands near the coast. The town was in 1816 constituted a pueblo, named Trujillo Bajo. In 1857 the barrios

Rafael Trujillo was the dictator of the Dominican Republic from 1930 until his assassination in 1961. Trujillo entered the Dominican army in 1918 and was trained by U.S. Marines during the U.S. occupation (1916–24) of the country. He rose from lieutenant to commanding colonel of the national police

Cordillera Central: Duarte Peak, originally known as Mount Loma Tina and then as Trujillo Peak, rises to 10,417 feet (3,175 m); it is thus the highest peak in the West Indies. The rugged, heavily forested slopes of the cordillera have defied all but a few attempts to…

Rafael Trujillo was the dictator of the Dominican Republic from 1930 until his assassination in 1961. Trujillo entered the Dominican army in 1918 and was trained by U.S. Marines during the U.S. occupation (1916–24) of the country. He rose from lieutenant to commanding colonel of the national police

Chuuk Islands, cluster of 16 much-eroded high volcanic islands in the Federated States of Micronesia, western Pacific Ocean. The name Chuuk means “high mountains” in the Chuukese language, one of several Malayo-Polynesian languages that are used in the islands. The Chuuk Islands, which form part of

Quinisext Council, council that was convened in 692 by the Byzantine emperor Justinian II to issue disciplinary decrees related to the second and third councils of Constantinople (held in 553 and 680–681). They were the fifth and sixth ecumenical councils—hence the name Quinisext. The two

trullo, conical, stone-roofed building unique to the regione of Puglia (Apulia) in southeastern Italy and especially to the town of Alberobello, where they are used as dwellings. Upon a whitewashed cylindrical wall, circles of gray stone, held in place by lateral opposition and gravity and without

trullo, conical, stone-roofed building unique to the regione of Puglia (Apulia) in southeastern Italy and especially to the town of Alberobello, where they are used as dwellings. Upon a whitewashed cylindrical wall, circles of gray stone, held in place by lateral opposition and gravity and without

Quinisext Council, council that was convened in 692 by the Byzantine emperor Justinian II to issue disciplinary decrees related to the second and third councils of Constantinople (held in 553 and 680–681). They were the fifth and sixth ecumenical councils—hence the name Quinisext. The two

Camilo José Cela was a Spanish writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1989. He is perhaps best known for his novel La familia de Pascual Duarte (1942; The Family of Pascual Duarte) and is considered to have given new life to Spanish literature. His literary production—primarily novels,

sociology: Social stratification: …by William Julius Wilson in The Truly Disadvantaged (1987). His book uncovered mechanisms that maintained segregation and disorganization in African American communities. Disciplinary specialization, especially in the areas of gender, race, and Marxism, came to dominate sociological inquiry.

David Duchovny: … (2016), Miss Subways (2018), and Truly Like Lightning (2021).

Alan Rickman: …man in the dark comedy Truly, Madly, Deeply (1991) and Colonel Brandon in Ang Lee’s adaption of Jane Austen’s Sense and Sensibility (1995).

Liane Moriarty: Novels: Truly Madly Guilty (2016) tells the story of three couples whose lives are forever changed after a backyard barbecue ends in a tragic event that exposes hidden tensions and secrets. The novel was Moriarty’s third to become a New York Times number-one bestseller. Published in…

Davidson Nicol: …African Tales (1965) and The Truly Married Woman, and Other Stories (1965), under the name Abioseh Nicol. They centre upon life in the government service and upon the interaction of Africans with colonial administrators in preindependent Sierra Leone. His short stories and poems appeared in anthologies and journals. He also…

Harry S. Truman: Early life and career: …the nation for war, the Truman Committee (officially the Special Committee Investigating National Defense) exposed graft and deficiencies in production. The committee made it a practice to issue draft reports of its findings to corporations, unions, and government agencies under investigation, allowing for the correction of abuses before formal action…

Truman Doctrine, pronouncement by U.S. Pres. Harry S. Truman declaring immediate economic and military aid to the governments of Greece, threatened by communist insurrection, and Turkey, under pressure from Soviet expansion in the Mediterranean area. As the United States and the Soviet Union

The Truman Show, American satirical comedy-drama film, released in 1998, about an ordinary man who realizes that his entire life is a reality television show. The film stars Jim Carrey as the title character and was directed by Peter Weir. The Truman Show opened to critical acclaim. It was

Truman State University, public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Kirksville, Mo., U.S. It is designated the state’s public liberal arts and sciences institution. The university comprises 10 divisions and offers a range of undergraduate studies and master’s degree programs. Students

Bess Truman was an American first lady (1945–53), the wife of Harry S. Truman, 33rd president of the United States. Bess Wallace, the daughter of David Wallace, a local politician, and Margaret Gates Wallace, came from one of the wealthiest and most prominent families in Independence, Missouri.

Maria Bueno: …captured the Australian Open with Christine Truman, but the others were won with Darlene Hard. Adding to her titles in 1960, she also won the mixed doubles (with Bob Howe) at the French Open.

Harry S. Truman was the 33rd president of the United States (1945–53), who led his country through the final stages of World War II and through the early years of the Cold War, vigorously opposing Soviet expansionism in Europe and sending U.S. forces to turn back a communist invasion of South

Margaret Truman was an American writer who was the illustrious only daughter of U.S. Pres. Harry S. Truman and first lady Bess Truman and carved a literary niche for herself as her parents’ biographer (Harry S. Truman [1973] and Bess W. Truman [1986]) and as the author of a number of best-selling

Bix Beiderbecke: …Missouri, in 1926, Beiderbecke joined Frank Trumbauer, with whom he maintained a close friendship for most of the rest of his life. The two played in the Jean Goldkette band (1927) and in Paul Whiteman’s outstanding pop music orchestra (1928–30), in which Beiderbecke was a featured soloist. Severe alcoholism disrupted…

Ante Trumbić was a Croatian nationalist from Dalmatia who played a leading role in the founding of Yugoslavia. Trumbić entered political life under the Austrian crown, first as a member of the Dalmatian Diet from 1895 and then as representative in the Reichsrat (federal assembly) in Vienna from

Bryan Cranston: Films: Argo, Trumbo, and Isle of Dogs: …Dalton Trumbo in the biopic Trumbo (2015), and the performance earned Cranston his first Academy Award nomination. In The Infiltrator (2016), Cranston played real-life undercover federal agent Robert Mazur, who, in the 1980s, impersonated a money-laundering businessman in a sting operation that traced enormous sums of money back to Colombian…

Dalton Trumbo was an American screenwriter and novelist who was probably the most talented member of the Hollywood Ten, a group who refused to testify before the 1947 U.S. House Committee on Un-American Activities about alleged communist involvement. He was blacklisted and in 1950 spent 11 months

Nathan Lane: The Lion King, The Birdcage, and The Producers: His subsequent theater work included Trumbo (2003), Butley (2003, 2006–07), and Dedication or the Stuff of Dreams (2005).

John Trumbull was an American painter, architect, and author, whose paintings of major episodes in the American Revolution form a unique record of that conflict’s events and participants. Trumbull was the son of the Connecticut governor Jonathan Trumbull (a first cousin to the poet John Trumbull).

John Trumbull was an American poet and jurist, known for his political satire, and a leader of the Hartford Wits). While a student at Yale College (now Yale University), Trumbull wrote two kinds of poetry: “correct” but undistinguished elegies of the Neoclassical school, and brilliant, comic verse

Lebanon: The home of Jonathan Trumbull (1740), American Revolutionary governor of Connecticut, is preserved in Lebanon, and the Revolutionary War office (1727), which served as the governor’s headquarters from which Connecticut’s war effort was directed, is now a museum. Agriculture is the mainstay of the town’s economy. Area 54…

Lyman Trumbull was a U.S. senator from Illinois whose independent views during the Civil War and Reconstruction eras caused him to switch from the Democratic Party to the Republican to the Liberal Republican and back to the Democratic Party in his long political career. Trumbull grew up in

John Sweeney: …president; he was succeeded by Richard Trumka. Two years later Sweeney was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

Trümmelbach Falls, waterfalls on the Trümmelbach River, a tributary of the Lütschine, in the Bernese Alps of south-central Switzerland, that consist of five cascades fed by melting snows. The falls are reached by steps, paths, and an electric elevator. The highest fall is 950 feet (290 metres), and

lake: Chemical precipitates: Lake Trummen, also in Sweden, was treated by dredging its upper sediments. In Switzerland, Lake Wiler (Wilersee) was treated by the removal of water just above the sediments during stagnation periods.

triumph, 16th-century card game ancestral to whist. In triomphe, the French variety known to English contemporaries as French ruff, each player received five cards, a trump was turned, and the aim was to win three or more tricks. From this derived écarté and five-card loo. In the English game

bridge: …suit may be designated the trump suit (i.e., any card in that suit may take any card of the other suits), but the methods of designating the trump suit (or of determining that a deal will be played without trumps) differ in the various bridge games, as explained below.

Trump International Hotel and Tower Chicago, commercial and residential skyscraper located at 401 North Wabash Avenue along the Chicago River, offering condominiums, retail space, parking facilities, and hotel services. Named after real estate developer Donald Trump, the 98-story building was

Donald Trump: …century his private conglomerate, the Trump Organization, comprised some 500 companies involved in a wide range of businesses, including hotels and resorts, residential properties, merchandise, and entertainment and television.

bridge: …suit may be designated the trump suit (i.e., any card in that suit may take any card of the other suits), but the methods of designating the trump suit (or of determining that a deal will be played without trumps) differ in the various bridge games, as explained below.