• Salinari, Carlo (Italian critic)

    Decadentism: …attack of the Marxist critic Carlo Salinari in the 1960s.

  • Salinas (California, United States)

    Salinas, city, seat (1872) of Monterey county, western California, U.S. It lies in the Salinas Valley just east of Monterey Bay. The site, at a crossroads on El Camino Real (the old Spanish trail between San Diego and San Francisco), was settled by Elias Howe in 1856 and became a cattle centre. The

  • Salinas de Gortari, Carlos (president of Mexico)

    Carlos Salinas de Gortari is an economist and politician who was president of Mexico from 1988 to 1994. The son of a Mexican senator, Salinas joined the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) at age 18 and studied economics at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and at Harvard University,

  • Salinas Peak (mountain, New Mexico, United States)

    San Andres Mountains: Salinas Peak (9,040 feet [2,755 metres]) is the highest point in the range. The mountains are dry and barren and include the White Sands Missile Range, where the world’s first atomic bomb was exploded on July 16, 1945, at “Trinity Site.” The White Sands National…

  • Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument (national monument, New Mexico, United States)

    Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument, well-preserved remains of ancient Native American pueblos and 17th-century Spanish missions, central New Mexico, U.S. The monument’s three separate sites—Quarai, Abó, and Gran Quivira—are loosely clustered around the town of Mountainair, about 80 miles

  • Salinas River (river, Guatemala)

    Chixoy River, river in central Guatemala, rising as the Negro River in the southern part of the Altos (mountains) Cuchumatanes, west of Huehuetenango. First flowing eastward, it forms part of the borders between the Quiché and Huehuetenango regions and between Quiché and Baja Verapaz. Southwest of

  • Salinas v. Texas (law case)

    confession: Confession in contemporary U.S. law: …Berghuis, the court declared in Salinas v. Texas (2013) that a criminal suspect who is not in police custody must expressly invoke his right to remain silent in order to be protected by it—notwithstanding the fact that he has not been informed (and thus may not know) that he has…

  • Salinas y Serrano, Pedro (Spanish writer)

    Pedro Salinas y Serrano was a Spanish poet, scholar, dramatist, and essayist who was one of the outstanding writers of the Generation of 1927, an influential group of poets that included Jorge Guillén and Federico García Lorca. Salinas studied and lectured at the Sorbonne for three years (1914–17)

  • Salinas, Luis Adolfo Siles (president of Bolivia)

    Bolivia: Return to military rule: …1969 brought the vice president, Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas, into office; he was forcibly replaced in midyear by Gen. Alfredo Ovando Candía, who nationalized Gulf Oil Company holdings. Ovando was in turn forced out of office in October 1970 by the more radical Gen. Juan José Torres. Of the several…

  • Salinas, Raúl (brother of Carlos Salinas de Gortari)

    Carlos Salinas de Gortari: …in November 1994, his brother Raul Salinas de Gortari was arrested and charged with complicity in one of the murders. In addition, the country’s economy collapsed in December, and Carlos was partly blamed. He subsequently went into self-imposed exile for some five years before resettling in Mexico. During this time…

  • Salinas, Río (river, Guatemala)

    Chixoy River, river in central Guatemala, rising as the Negro River in the southern part of the Altos (mountains) Cuchumatanes, west of Huehuetenango. First flowing eastward, it forms part of the borders between the Quiché and Huehuetenango regions and between Quiché and Baja Verapaz. Southwest of

  • saline compound (chemistry)

    ionic compound, any of a large group of chemical compounds consisting of oppositely charged ions, wherein electron transfer, or ionic bonding, holds the atoms together. Ionic compounds usually form when a metal reacts with a nonmetal, where the metallic atoms lose an electron or electrons, becoming

  • saline flat (geology)

    playa: Saline flats are specialized forms located adjacent to large bodies of water, as, for example, along coasts, lakeshores, and deltas. They flood during storms, either with surface runoff or with surges from the nearby body of water. The saline crusts of saline flats are quite…

  • saline intrusion (ecology)

    saltwater intrusion (SI), ecological problem produced by the encroachment and infiltration of salt water (typically brackish water or seawater) into the fresh surface water and groundwater supplies of coastal areas. Saltwater intrusion can alter the landscape, damage the potential to use the land

  • saline lake

    inland water ecosystem: Saline lakes: Saline lakes (i.e., bodies of water that have salinities in excess of 3 grams per litre) are widespread and occur on all continents, including Antarctica. Saline lakes include the largest lake in the world, the Caspian Sea; the lowest lake, the Dead Sea;…

  • saline purgative (drug)

    laxative: Saline purgatives are salts containing highly charged ions that do not readily cross cell membranes and therefore remain inside the lumen, or passageway, of the bowel. By retaining water through osmotic forces, saline purgatives increase the volume of the contents of the bowel, stretching the…

  • Saline River (river, Kansas, United States)

    Saline River, river of northern Kansas, U.S. It rises near Oakley, in the northwestern corner of the state, and flows about 340 miles (550 km) east past Sylvan Grove and Lincoln to join the Smoky Hill River 6 miles (10 km) east of Salina, in central Kansas. West of Sylvan Grove the river is dammed

  • Salinger, J.D. (American author)

    J.D. Salinger was an American writer whose novel The Catcher in the Rye (1951) won critical acclaim and devoted admirers, especially among the post-World War II generation of college students. His corpus of published works also consists of short stories that were printed in magazines, including the

  • Salinger, Jerome David (American author)

    J.D. Salinger was an American writer whose novel The Catcher in the Rye (1951) won critical acclaim and devoted admirers, especially among the post-World War II generation of college students. His corpus of published works also consists of short stories that were printed in magazines, including the

  • Salinger, Pierre (American journalist and political figure)

    White House press secretary: The first press secretaries: Another newsman, Pierre Salinger, served John F. Kennedy and remained on staff for Lyndon B. Johnson. With Salinger, Kennedy held the first live televised press conferences. Salinger enjoyed a close relationship with both Kennedy and reporters, though that relationship changed with Johnson, who referred to reporters as…

  • Salinger, Pierre Emil George (American journalist and political figure)

    White House press secretary: The first press secretaries: Another newsman, Pierre Salinger, served John F. Kennedy and remained on staff for Lyndon B. Johnson. With Salinger, Kennedy held the first live televised press conferences. Salinger enjoyed a close relationship with both Kennedy and reporters, though that relationship changed with Johnson, who referred to reporters as…

  • salinimeter (scientific technology)

    salinometer, device used to measure the salinity of a solution. It is frequently a hydrometer that is specially calibrated to read out the percentage of salt in a solution. Because the concentration of chloride has been shown to be directly related to the salinity of seawater, titration of chloride

  • salinity (hydrology)

    salinity, the amount of dissolved salts present in water. In natural bodies of water, salinity is most commonly a measure of sodium chloride (NaCl; common salt). Magnesium, sulfate, calcium, and other ions in small concentrations also contribute to salinity. Salinity is typically measured with a

  • Salinity-Temperature-Depth system

    undersea exploration: Water sampling for temperature and salinity: Salinity-Temperature-Depth (STD) and the more recent Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) systems have greatly improved on-site hydrographic sampling methods. They have enabled oceanographers to learn much about small-scale temperature and salinity distributions.

  • salinometer (scientific technology)

    salinometer, device used to measure the salinity of a solution. It is frequently a hydrometer that is specially calibrated to read out the percentage of salt in a solution. Because the concentration of chloride has been shown to be directly related to the salinity of seawater, titration of chloride

  • Salis-Seewis, Johann Gaudenz von (Swiss poet)

    Johann Gaudenz von Salis-Seewis was a Swiss poet whose work is tender and sometimes elegiac, celebrating friendship, humanity, and the serenity of nature. In 1779 he became an officer in the Swiss guards in Paris, but he supported the ideas of the French Revolution and voluntarily remained in Paris

  • Salis-Seewis, Johann Gaudenz, Freiherr von (Swiss poet)

    Johann Gaudenz von Salis-Seewis was a Swiss poet whose work is tender and sometimes elegiac, celebrating friendship, humanity, and the serenity of nature. In 1779 he became an officer in the Swiss guards in Paris, but he supported the ideas of the French Revolution and voluntarily remained in Paris

  • Salis-Soglio, Johann Ulrich von (Swiss political leader)

    Sonderbund: …its military organization, commanded by Johann Ulrich von Salis-Soglio, nor its appeal were satisfactorily effective. The forces of the majority, ably led by Henri Dufour, took Fribourg on November 14 and Zug on November 21; they won a decisive victory at Gislikon on November 23, entered Luzern itself, the nucleus…

  • Salisbury (England, United Kingdom)

    Salisbury, city in the administrative and historic county of Wiltshire, southern England. It is situated at the confluence of the Rivers Avon (East, or Hampshire, Avon) and Wiley. It functioned historically as the principal town of Wiltshire and is the seat of an Anglican bishop. The origins of

  • Salisbury (Maryland, United States)

    Salisbury, city, seat (1867) of Wicomico county, southeastern Maryland, U.S., at the head of the Wicomico River in the south-central part of the Delmarva Peninsula, south of the Delaware state line. It was established in 1732 and named for the English city of Salisbury in Wiltshire. Historic

  • Salisbury (North Carolina, United States)

    Salisbury, city, seat (1755) of Rowan county, west-central North Carolina, U.S. It is situated near High Rock Lake, roughly midway between Greensboro (northeast) and Charlotte (southwest). Originally home to many Native American peoples, including the Catawba, the area was settled by Scotch-Irish

  • Salisbury (national capital, Zimbabwe)

    Harare, capital of Zimbabwe, lying in the northeastern part of the country. The city was founded in 1890 at the spot where the British South Africa Company’s Pioneer Column halted its march into Mashonaland; it was named for Lord Salisbury, then British prime minister. The name Harare is derived

  • Salisbury (British Columbia, Canada)

    Nelson, city, southeastern British Columbia, Canada, on the western arm of Kootenay Lake, a few miles south of Kokanee Glacier Provincial Park and 408 miles (657 km) east of Vancouver. The discovery of gold at nearby Fortynine Creek in 1867 led to the development of several mines near Cottonwood

  • Salisbury (former district, England, United Kingdom)

    Salisbury, former district, administrative and historic county of Wiltshire, southern England, centered on the historic city of Salisbury and occupying the southern part of the county. It is a predominantly rural area in which cattle and produce are raised. The Ministry of Defense owns much of the

  • Salisbury Cathedral (cathedral, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England, United Kingdom)

    Salisbury Cathedral, Gothic cathedral in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England, that was constructed between 1220 and 1258. It houses one of only four surviving copies of the Magna Carta. Known as the Cathedral of St. Mary, the building was raised to help found a new city called New Sarum. An earlier

  • Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows (painting by Constable)

    John Constable: Final years: …range of work, such as Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows (1831). Constable created this painting, which quoted motifs from his renowned Hay Wain, while agitation for parliamentary reform against the church made conservatives such as himself very anxious. This panic is perhaps embodied in the painting’s dramatic shifts in scale:…

  • Salisbury Crags (rocks, Scotland, United Kingdom)

    geochronology: James Hutton’s recognition of the geologic cycle: …basaltic rocks exposed in the Salisbury Craigs, just on the outskirts of Edinburgh, seemed to have baked adjacent enclosing sediments lying both below and above the basalt. This simple observation indicated that the basalt was emplaced within the sedimentary succession while it was still sufficiently hot to have altered the…

  • Salisbury Plain (plain, England, United Kingdom)

    Salisbury Plain, one of Great Britain’s best-known open spaces, consisting of a plateaulike area covering about 300 square miles (775 square km), in the county of Wiltshire, England. The largely treeless tract, drained to the south by the River Avon and its tributaries, is developed upon chalk. Its

  • Salisbury steak (food)

    hamburger, ground beef. The term is applied variously to (1) a patty of ground beef, sometimes called hamburg steak, Salisbury steak, or Vienna steak, (2) a sandwich consisting of a patty of ground beef served within a split bread roll, with various garnishes, or (3) the ground beef itself, which

  • Salisbury, Countess of (fictional character)

    Edward III: …by Edward III of the Countess of Salisbury, daughter of the earl of Warwick. Living in the north of England during her husband’s absence, the Countess is especially vulnerable to Scottish depredations across the border, though she shows herself bravely able to fend them off without much help. Edward, coming…

  • Salisbury, Harrison E. (American journalist)

    Harrison E. Salisbury was an American author and journalist who, as a foreign correspondent, played a major role in interpreting the Soviet Union to English-speaking readers. He won a Pulitzer Prize in 1955 for international news reporting. Salisbury was a reporter for the Minneapolis Journal for

  • Salisbury, Harrison Evans (American journalist)

    Harrison E. Salisbury was an American author and journalist who, as a foreign correspondent, played a major role in interpreting the Soviet Union to English-speaking readers. He won a Pulitzer Prize in 1955 for international news reporting. Salisbury was a reporter for the Minneapolis Journal for

  • Salisbury, James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of, Earl Of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, Baron Cecil Of Essendon (British statesman)

    James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th marquess of Salisbury was a British statesman and Conservative politician whose recommendations on defense became the basis of the British military organization until after World War II. Salisbury was educated at Eton and at University College, Oxford. As a

  • Salisbury, Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd marquess of, Earl Of SalisburyViscount Cranborne, Baron Cecil Of Essendon (prime minister of United Kingdom)

    Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd marquess of Salisbury was a Conservative political leader who was a three-time prime minister (1885–86, 1886–92, 1895–1902) and four-time foreign secretary (1878, 1885–86, 1886–92, 1895–1900), who presided over a wide expansion of Great Britain’s colonial

  • Salisbury, Robert Cecil, 1st earl of (English statesman)

    Robert Cecil, 1st earl of Salisbury was an English statesman who succeeded his father, William Cecil, Lord Burghley, as Queen Elizabeth I’s chief minister in 1598 and skillfully directed the government during the first nine years of the reign of King James I. Cecil gave continuity to the change

  • Salisbury, Thomas de Montagu, 4th earl of (English military officer)

    Thomas de Montagu, 4th earl of Salisbury was an English military commander during the reigns of Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI. The son of John, the 3rd earl, who was executed in 1400 as a supporter of Richard II, Thomas was granted part of his father’s estates and summoned to Parliament in 1409,

  • Salisbury, William (Welsh lexicographer)

    William Salesbury was a Welsh lexicographer and translator who is noted particularly for his Welsh-English dictionary and for translating the New Testament into Welsh. Salesbury spent most of his life at Llanrwst following antiquarian, botanical, and literary pursuits. About 1546 he edited a

  • Salisbury, William Longsword, 3rd earl of (English noble)

    William Longsword, 3rd earl of Salisbury was the 3rd earl of Salisbury, an illegitimate son of Henry II of England who became a prominent baron, soldier, and administrator under Kings John and Henry III. His parentage was, for many centuries, a mystery. He was long assumed to have been the son of

  • Salish (people)

    Salish, linguistic grouping of North American Indian tribes speaking related languages and living in the upper basins of the Columbia and Fraser rivers and their tributaries in what are now the province of British Columbia, Can., and the U.S. states of Washington, Idaho, and Montana. They are

  • Salish languages

    Salishan languages, family of about 23 North American Indian languages, spoken or formerly spoken in the Pacific Northwest and adjoining areas of Idaho, Montana, and southern British Columbia. Today Salishan languages are spoken almost exclusively by older adults. They are remarkable for their

  • Salishan languages

    Salishan languages, family of about 23 North American Indian languages, spoken or formerly spoken in the Pacific Northwest and adjoining areas of Idaho, Montana, and southern British Columbia. Today Salishan languages are spoken almost exclusively by older adults. They are remarkable for their

  • Salitis (king of Egypt)

    Salitis, the first Hyksos king of Egypt and founder of the 15th dynasty. The Hyksos were Middle Bronze Age Palestinian invaders who infiltrated Egypt gradually and seized the kingship. Tradition says that Salitis overran all of Egypt, but his actual rule probably did not extend south of Middle

  • saliva (biochemistry)

    saliva, a thick, colourless, opalescent fluid that is constantly present in the mouth of humans and other vertebrates. It is composed of water, mucus, proteins, mineral salts, and amylase. As saliva circulates in the mouth cavity it picks up food debris, bacterial cells, and white blood cells. One

  • Salivāhana era (Indian history)

    chronology: Reckonings dated from a historical event: The Śaka, or Salivāhana, era (ad 78), now used throughout India, is the most important of all. It has been used not only in many Indian inscriptions but also in ancient Sanskrit inscriptions in Indochina and Indonesia. The reformed calendar promulgated by the Indian government from…

  • salivary gland (anatomy)

    salivary gland, any of the organs that secrete saliva, a substance that moistens and softens food, into the oral cavity of vertebrates. Salivary glands may be predominantly serous, mucous, or mixed in secretion. Mucus is a thick, clear, and somewhat slimy substance. Serous secretion is a more

  • salivary secretion (biochemistry)

    saliva, a thick, colourless, opalescent fluid that is constantly present in the mouth of humans and other vertebrates. It is composed of water, mucus, proteins, mineral salts, and amylase. As saliva circulates in the mouth cavity it picks up food debris, bacterial cells, and white blood cells. One

  • Salix (plant genus)

    willow, shrubs and trees of the genus Salix, family Salicaceae, mostly native to north temperate areas and valued for ornament, shade, erosion control, and timber. Salicin, source of salicylic acid used in pain relievers, is derived from certain willows. All species have alternate, usually narrow

  • Salix alba (tree)

    willow: fragilis), and white (S. alba), all reaching 20 metres (65 feet) or more; the first named is North American, the other two Eurasian but naturalized widely. All are common in lowland situations.

  • Salix babylonica (tree)

    willow: …are called weeping willows, especially S. babylonica and its varieties from East Asia. From northern Asia, S. matsudana has sharply toothed leaves, whitish beneath. One variety, S. matsudana tortuosa, is called corkscrew willow for its twisted branches.

  • Salix fragilis (plant)

    willow: nigra), crack, or brittle (S. fragilis), and white (S. alba), all reaching 20 metres (65 feet) or more; the first named is North American, the other two Eurasian but naturalized widely. All are common in lowland situations.

  • Salix nigra (plant)

    willow: …of the largest willows are black (S. nigra), crack, or brittle (S. fragilis), and white (S. alba), all reaching 20 metres (65 feet) or more; the first named is North American, the other two Eurasian but naturalized widely. All are common in lowland situations.

  • Salix viminalis (tree)

    willow: … fastigiata) is a variety especially common at Xochimilco near Mexico City.

  • Salk Institute for Biological Studies (building, La Jolla, Calif, United States)

    David Baltimore: …worked with Dulbecco at the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California (1965–68), studying the mechanism of replication of the poliovirus.

  • Salk vaccine (medicine)

    John Franklin Enders: …to the development of the Salk vaccine for polio in 1954. Similarly, their production in the late 1950s of a vaccine against the measles led to the development of a licensed vaccine in the United States in 1963. Much of Enders’ research on viruses was conducted at the Children’s Hospital…

  • Salk, Jonas (American physician and medical researcher)

    Jonas Salk was an American physician and medical researcher who developed the first safe and effective vaccine for polio. Salk received an M.D. in 1939 from New York University College of Medicine, where he worked with Thomas Francis, Jr., who was conducting killed-virus immunology studies. Salk

  • Salk, Jonas Edward (American physician and medical researcher)

    Jonas Salk was an American physician and medical researcher who developed the first safe and effective vaccine for polio. Salk received an M.D. in 1939 from New York University College of Medicine, where he worked with Thomas Francis, Jr., who was conducting killed-virus immunology studies. Salk

  • Salka Valka (novel by Laxness)

    Halldór Laxness: …the social life of Iceland: Salka Valka (1931–32; Eng. trans. Salka Valka), which deals with the plight of working people in an Icelandic fishing village; Sjálfstætt fólk (1934–35; Independent People), the story of an impoverished farmer and his struggle to retain his economic independence; and Heimsljós (1937–40; World Light), a…

  • Salkey, Andrew (Caribbean author)

    Andrew Salkey was a Caribbean author, anthologist, and editor whose work reflected a commitment to Jamaican culture. Raised in Jamaica, Salkey attended the University of London and became part of the London community of emerging West Indian writers. He became a freelance writer and journalist and

  • Salkey, Felix Andrew Alexander (Caribbean author)

    Andrew Salkey was a Caribbean author, anthologist, and editor whose work reflected a commitment to Jamaican culture. Raised in Jamaica, Salkey attended the University of London and became part of the London community of emerging West Indian writers. He became a freelance writer and journalist and

  • Sall, Macky (president of Senegal)

    Macky Sall is a Senegalese geologist and politician who served as prime minister (2004–07) and as president (2012–24) of Senegal. Sall was raised in a family of modest means in the town of Fatick in western Senegal. He studied geological engineering and geophysics at University Cheikh Anta Diop in

  • Sallārid dynasty (Iranian dynasty)

    Mosāferīd Dynasty, (ad c. 916–1090), Iranian dynasty that ruled in northwestern Iran. The founder of the dynasty was Moḥammad ebn Mosāfer (ruled c. 916–941), military commander of the strategic mountain fortresses of Ṭārom and Samīrān in Daylam, in northwestern Iran. With the increasing weakness of

  • salle d’asile (education)

    maternal school, a French school for children between two and six years old. Private schools for young children were founded in France around 1779, under the influence of Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Émile. The central government took over most of them in 1833 and named them maternal schools, hoping

  • Salle des Machines (theater, Paris, France)

    theatre: Developments in France and Spain: …from Italy to build the Salle des Machines, the largest theatre in Europe. It was 226 feet long, only 94 feet of which was occupied by the auditorium. Its stage, 132 feet deep, had a proscenium arch only 32 feet wide. One of Vigarani’s machines, 60 feet deep itself, was…

  • Salle, Antoine de La (French writer)

    Antoine de La Sale was a French writer chiefly remembered for his Petit Jehan de Saintré, a romance marked by a great gift for the observation of court manners and a keen sense of comic situation and dialogue. From 1400 to 1448 La Sale served the dukes of Anjou, Louis II, Louis III, and René, as

  • Salle, David (American artist)

    David Salle is an American painter who, together with such contemporaries as Julian Schnabel and Robert Longo, regenerated big, gestural, expressionist painting after years of pared-down minimalism and conceptual art. Salle is known for mixing modes of representation and appropriated ready-made

  • Sallé, Marie (French dancer)

    Marie Sallé was an innovative French dancer and choreographer who performed expressive, dramatic dances during a period when displays of technical virtuosity were more popular. The first woman to choreograph the ballets in which she appeared, she anticipated the late 18th-century reforms of

  • Salle, René-Robert Cavelier, sieur de La (French explorer)

    René-Robert Cavelier, sieur de La Salle was a French explorer in North America who led an expedition down the Illinois and Mississippi rivers and claimed all the region watered by the Mississippi and its tributaries for Louis XIV of France, naming the region “Louisiana.” A few years later, in a

  • Salle, Saint Jean-Baptiste de La (French educator)

    St. Jean-Baptiste de La Salle ; canonized 1900; feast day April 7) was a French educator and the founder of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools (sometimes called the de La Salle Brothers or the Christian Brothers), the first Roman Catholic congregation of male nonclerics devoted

  • sallekhanā (Jainism)

    Jainism: Monks, nuns, and their practices: …rigours is the act of sallekhana, in which he lies on one side on a bed of thorny grass and ceases to move or eat. This act of ritual starvation is the monk’s ultimate act of nonattendance, by which he lets go of the body for the sake of his…

  • Sallisaw (Oklahoma, United States)

    Sallisaw, city, seat (1907) of Sequoyah county, eastern Oklahoma, U.S., just north of the Arkansas River and the Robert S. Kerr Reservoir, near the Arkansas state line. Settled in the 1880s, it was named for nearby Sallisaw Creek (from the French salaison, meaning “salt provisions,” because of

  • Sallman, Warner (American artist)

    Christology: Early 20th century to the present: The works of Warner Sallman, for example, became the most widely reproduced paintings of Jesus; his Head of Christ (1940) was distributed to U.S. soldiers during World War II. Sallman continued to paint Jesus in various settings, as in Christ in Gethsemane (1941), The Lord Is My Shepherd…

  • sallow thorn (shrub and fruit)

    sea buckthorn, (Hippophae rhamnoides, family Elaeagnaceae), willowlike shrub growing to about 2.5 m (about 8 feet) high with narrow leaves that are silvery on the underside and globose, orange-yellow fruits about 8 mm (13 inch) in diameter. It is common on sand dunes along the eastern and

  • Sallust (Roman historian)

    Sallust was a Roman historian and one of the great Latin literary stylists, noted for his narrative writings dealing with political personalities, corruption, and party rivalry. Sallust’s family was Sabine and probably belonged to the local aristocracy, but he was the only member known to have

  • Salluste, Guillaume de (French poet)

    Guillaume de Salluste, seigneur du Bartas was the author of La Semaine (1578), an influential poem about the creation of the world. Though he tried to avoid participating in the Wars of Religion, du Bartas was an ardent Huguenot and a trusted counsellor of Henry of Navarre. His aim was to use the

  • Sally Bowles (novella by Isherwood)

    Sally Bowles: of Christopher Isherwood’s novella Sally Bowles (1937) and of his collected stories Goodbye to Berlin (1939). Bowles is a young iconoclastic, minimally talented English nightclub singer in the Berlin of the Weimar Republic period (1919–33). She paints her fingernails green, affects an artless decadent manner, and has woeful luck…

  • Sally in Our Alley (work by Carey)

    Henry Carey: …for his ballads, especially “Sally in Our Alley,” which appeared in a collection of his best poems set to music, called The Musical Century (1737). Despite the popularity of his work, Carey suffered great poverty, largely because his plays and poems were widely pirated by unscrupulous printers.

  • Sally Jesse Raphael (American television show)

    Television in the United States: Tabloid TV: That year, Sally Jessy Raphael (syndicated, 1985–2002) debuted, using the Donahue format but specializing in more titillating subjects. The Oprah Winfrey Show (later Oprah; syndicated, 1986–2011) did the same a year later. It quickly became a hit. Imitations began appearing, and the competition grew so fierce that…

  • Sálmabók (hymnbook by Thorláksson)

    Gudbrandur Thorláksson: …1589 Thorláksson published a new Sálmabók (hymnbook) intended expressly to compete with the ballads about trolls and heroes, and the songs of love and invective so popular in Icelandic tradition. He made a second attempt with the Vísnabók (verse book, 1612), an anthology including Catholic poems such as Lilja—purged of…

  • Salmacis and Hermaphroditus (work by Beaumont)

    Francis Beaumont: …1602 there appeared the poem Salmacis and Hermaphroditus, generally attributed to Beaumont, a voluptuous and voluminous expansion of the Ovidian legend that added to the story humour and a fantastic array of episodes and conceits. At age 23 he prefixed to Ben Jonson’s Volpone (1607) some verses in honour of…

  • Salmagundi (American periodical)

    Washington Irving: …of 20 periodical essays entitled Salmagundi. Concerned primarily with passing phases of contemporary society, the essays retain significance as an index to the social milieu.

  • Salmān al-Fārisī (companion of Muḥammad)

    Salmān al-Fārisī was a popular figure in Muslim legend and a national hero of Iran. He was a companion of the Prophet Muhammad. While still a boy he became a Christian, left his father’s house, and began a long religious quest. He traveled to Syria and then to central Arabia, seeking the prophet

  • Salman ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Āl Saʿūd (king of Saudi Arabia)

    Salman of Saudi Arabia is the king of Saudi Arabia (2015– ) and is expected to be the last of the sons of Abdulaziz ibn Saud, the founder of Saudi Arabia, to rule the country. Because Salman acceded to the throne at an advanced age, his son Mohammed bin Salman has assumed many of his father’s

  • Salman of Saudi Arabia (king of Saudi Arabia)

    Salman of Saudi Arabia is the king of Saudi Arabia (2015– ) and is expected to be the last of the sons of Abdulaziz ibn Saud, the founder of Saudi Arabia, to rule the country. Because Salman acceded to the throne at an advanced age, his son Mohammed bin Salman has assumed many of his father’s

  • Salmantica (Spain)

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