Battle of the Chosin Reservoir: Crossing into North Korea: Oliver P. [“O.P.”] Smith), the 7th Infantry Division (Maj. Gen. David G. Barr), and the 3rd Infantry Division (Maj. Gen. Robert H. Soule). The corps also had control of the Capital and 3rd divisions of the South Korean I Corps, which was already crossing the…

Battle of the Chosin Reservoir: Crossing into North Korea: Oliver P. [“O.P.”] Smith), the 7th Infantry Division (Maj. Gen. David G. Barr), and the 3rd Infantry Division (Maj. Gen. Robert H. Soule). The corps also had control of the Capital and 3rd divisions of the South Korean I Corps, which was already crossing the…

baseball: Integration: Later Reggie Jackson, Ozzie Smith, and Barry Bonds were definitive players of their respective eras. In 1962 Robinson became the first Black player inducted into baseball’s Hall of Fame. In the 1970s, membership in the Hall was opened to the bygone stars of the Negro leagues.

African American literature: Drama and poetry: …Young, Clint Smith, Ross Gay, Patricia Smith, and Hanif Abdurraqib were among those who produced stunning collections that explore universal themes such as grief, family, and love, along with searingly intimate meditations on topics including racial microaggressions, gender identity, and police violence.

Patti Smith is an American poet, rock songwriter, and singer. Growing up in New Jersey, Smith won an art scholarship to Glassboro State Teachers College. In 1967 she moved to New York City, where she became active in the downtown Manhattan arts scene, writing poetry and living with the photographer

Patti Smith is an American poet, rock songwriter, and singer. Growing up in New Jersey, Smith won an art scholarship to Glassboro State Teachers College. In 1967 she moved to New York City, where she became active in the downtown Manhattan arts scene, writing poetry and living with the photographer

South African literature: In English: …novel Turbott Wolfe (1925), and Pauline Smith, whose stories in The Little Karoo (1925) dealt sympathetically with rural Afrikaners. Laurens van der Post, in his novel In a Province (1934), dealt with the African-coming-to-town theme.

boogie-woogie: of boogie-woogie were Jimmy Yancey, Pinetop Smith, who is generally credited with inventing the term itself, Albert Ammons, Pete Johnson, and Meade “Lux” Lewis.

Preserved Smith was an American historian noted for his scholarly works on the Protestant Reformation. The son of a prominent Presbyterian clergyman, Smith earned his Ph.D. at Columbia University (1907). He was subsequently a fellow in history at Amherst College (Amherst, Mass.) until 1914. He

Los Angeles Clippers: …the standout play of guard-forward Randy Smith and future Hall of Fame center-forward Bob McAdoo. The Braves were part of an unusual franchise swap in 1978, when the owner of the Boston Celtics, Irv Levin, a Californian, wanted to move the Celtics to his home state but was prevented by…

Red Smith was an American sports columnist whose literary craftsmanship, humorous and iconoclastic approach, and deep knowledge of sports made him one of the United States’ most popular sportswriters. His columns were literate, and he shunned the jargon of the genre. His popularity persisted

Dick Smith is an Australian aviator, filmmaker, explorer, businessman, and publisher, renowned for his aviation exploits. Smith had limited formal education at public schools and a technical high school, but his inventiveness and curiosity soon turned him into one of the signal success and survival

Robert Smith was the U.S. secretary of state under President James Madison. Smith grew up in Baltimore. He graduated in 1781 from the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University), studied law, and became a prominent and prosperous Baltimore attorney. From 1793 to 1801 Smith was active in

the Cure: >Robert Smith (born April 21, 1959, Blackpool, Lancashire, England) Michael Dempsey (born November 29, 1958, Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia [now Harare, Zimbabwe]) Lol Tolhurst (born February 3, 1959, Horley,

acid rain: …in 1852 by Scottish chemist Robert Angus Smith during his investigation of rainwater chemistry near industrial cities in England and Scotland. The phenomenon became an important part of his book Air and Rain: The Beginnings of a Chemical Climatology (1872). It was not until the late 1960s and early 1970s,…

Alcoholics Anonymous: ” (Robert Holbrook Smith [1879–1950]). Drawing upon their own experiences, they set out to help fellow alcoholics and first recorded their program in Alcoholics Anonymous (1939; 3rd ed., 1976). By the early 21st century, Alcoholics Anonymous had some 2,000,000 members forming more than 110,000 groups in…

Joyce Carol Oates is an American novelist, short-story writer, and essayist noted for her vast literary output in a variety of styles and genres. Particularly effective are her depictions of violence and evil in modern society. Her books include them (1969; winner of a National Book Award) and

Rubye Robinson was an American civil rights activist whose short life proved to be a powerful influence on the Civil Rights Movement. Rubye Smith had little direct contact with whites while she was growing up. At age 13, however, she watched the television coverage of the boycott of the Montgomery,

Utah Mammoth: …tech businessman and Utah resident Ryan Smith started making inquiries about bringing an expansion NHL team to the state in 2020. An opportunity to do so arose in 2023 when Alex Meruelo, the owner of the Arizona Coyotes, was unable to find a permanent home arena in the Phoenix area…

Zadie Smith is a British author known for her treatment of race, religion, and cultural identity and for her novels’ eccentric characters, savvy humor, and snappy dialogue. She became a sensation in the literary world with the publication of her first novel, White Teeth, in 2000. Sadie Smith, the

Sam Smith is a British soul singer with a mellifluous voice noted for lyrics that subvert the notions of romantic love that define popular soul music. Smith was raised in a rural village in Cambridgeshire, England, born to a father who was a truck driver and greengrocer and a mother who was a

Samantha Smith was an American peace activist and child actress, celebrated for giving children around the world a voice in the volatile Cold War during the 1980s. In December 1982, when she was 10 years old, Smith wrote a letter to the new leader of the Soviet Union, Yury Andropov. Having learned

Samantha Smith was an American peace activist and child actress, celebrated for giving children around the world a voice in the volatile Cold War during the 1980s. In December 1982, when she was 10 years old, Smith wrote a letter to the new leader of the Soviet Union, Yury Andropov. Having learned

Samuel Smith was a U.S. soldier and politician best known as the commander of land and sea forces that defended Baltimore from the British during the War of 1812. Smith grew up in Baltimore, to which his family had moved in 1760. The son of a wealthy merchant, he joined the family business after

Sam Smith is a British soul singer with a mellifluous voice noted for lyrics that subvert the notions of romantic love that define popular soul music. Smith was raised in a rural village in Cambridgeshire, England, born to a father who was a truck driver and greengrocer and a mother who was a

Tim McGraw is an American musician and actor whose melodic heartfelt songs and sandy Southern twang made him one of the most popular country music singers in the 1990s and early 21st century. Raised by a single mother, McGraw was 11 years old before he discovered that his father was famed

2012 Benghazi attacks: The attacks: Stevens, information technology specialist Sean Smith, and a security officer hid in a safe room. By the time rescuers arrived, Smith had died of asphyxiation, and Stevens could not be found in the heavy smoke before the rescue team was driven out. Stevens was later recovered by local Libyans…

Seba Smith was an American editor and humorist, creator of the fictional Major Jack Downing. A graduate of Bowdoin College, Smith founded (1829) the Portland Courier, in which the Major’s fictional letters first appeared in January 1830, continuing later in the National Intelligencer until July

Fox News Channel: …anchor of the news division, Shepard Smith, who had started with that division in 1996, found that his coverage of the White House was increasingly at odds with views expressed on the opinion shows. In 2019, after Carlson mocked him on-air and Trump made his displeasure with Smith’s newscasts known,…

Sir George Adam Smith was a Scottish preacher and Semitic scholar who helped to make generally acceptable the higher criticism of the Old Testament. Smith was returned to Scotland at the age of two and reared by two aunts. Educated in Edinburgh, with vacation study at Tübingen and Leipzig, he

Sir Harry Smith, Baronet was a British general, governor of Cape Colony, and high commissioner in South Africa from 1847 to 1852. Smith began his career in the army as an ensign in 1805 and served with distinction in South America (1807) and, during the Napoleonic Wars, in Spain (1808–14). In the

Sir Harry Smith, Baronet was a British general, governor of Cape Colony, and high commissioner in South Africa from 1847 to 1852. Smith began his career in the army as an ensign in 1805 and served with distinction in South America (1807) and, during the Napoleonic Wars, in Spain (1808–14). In the

Sir Keith Macpherson Smith and Sir Ross Macpherson Smith: During World War I, Keith Smith flew as a pilot in the Royal Air Force (1917–19), while Ross started with the Australian Light Horse in Gallipoli and Sinai until he learned to fly in Egypt in 1916. He spent the last two years of the war in the Australian…

Sir Keith Macpherson Smith and Sir Ross Macpherson Smith were brothers and Australian aviators who made the first flight from England to Australia. During World War I, Keith Smith flew as a pilot in the Royal Air Force (1917–19), while Ross started with the Australian Light Horse in Gallipoli and

Sir Matthew Smith was an English painter of colorful still lifes, flowers, portraits and nudes, and landscapes of Cornwall, England, and the south of France. He is known for his use of bold colors in his compositions, and for that he is typically associated with Fauvism. In his teens Smith was

Sir Keith Macpherson Smith and Sir Ross Macpherson Smith: …Royal Air Force (1917–19), while Ross started with the Australian Light Horse in Gallipoli and Sinai until he learned to fly in Egypt in 1916. He spent the last two years of the war in the Australian Flying Corps in Palestine. Ross made the first flight from Cairo to Calcutta,…

Sir Thomas Smythe was an English entrepreneur in the Virginia Company that founded the Virginia colony. He also financed numerous trade ventures and voyages of exploration during the early 17th century. A member of the London Haberdashers’ and Skinners’ companies from 1580, he accumulated a

Egypt: The French occupation and its consequences (1798–1805): Sir Sydney Smith, the British naval commander in the eastern Mediterranean, sponsored the convention, but in this he had exceeded his powers and was instructed by his superior officer, Admiral Lord Keith, to require the French to surrender as prisoners of war. Although the Ottoman…

Sophia Smith is an American professional football (soccer) player who is considered one of the top athletes in the sport. Smith plays in the National Women’s Soccer League (NWSL) as a forward on the Portland Thorns Football Club (FC) in Oregon and is a member of the U.S. Women’s National Team

Sophia Smith was an American philanthropist whose inherited fortune allowed her to bequeath funds for the founding of Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts. Smith was the daughter of a prosperous farmer. Although she enjoyed the rural social life of her native Hatfield, she did not marry. She

Carolina Panthers: The Panthers drafted wide receiver Steve Smith and defensive tackle Kris Jenkins in 2001, and in 2002 they chose defensive end Julius Peppers with the draft’s second overall selection. In addition, the Panthers signed quarterback Jake Delhomme before the 2003 season, and the team’s revamped core led Carolina to an…

Stevie Smith was a British poet who expressed an original and visionary personality in her work, combining a lively wit with penetrating honesty and an absence of sentiment. For most of her life Smith lived with an aunt in the same house in Palmers Green, a northern London suburb. After attending

Sydney Smith was one of the foremost English preachers of his day, and a champion of parliamentary reform. Through his writings, he perhaps did more than anyone else to change public opinion regarding Roman Catholic emancipation. Smith was also famous for his wit and charm. Smith’s father refused

Theobald Smith was an American microbiologist and pathologist who discovered the causes of several infectious and parasitic diseases. He is often considered the greatest American bacteriologist. After graduating from Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. (M.D., 1883), Smith taught at Columbian

public health: National developments in the 18th and 19th centuries: British physician Thomas Southwood Smith founded the Health of Towns Association in 1839, and by 1848 he served as a member of the new government department, then called the General Board of Health. He published reports on quarantine, cholera, yellow fever, and the benefits of sanitary improvements.

Seabiscuit: Breeding and early years: With him was his trainer, Tom Smith, who had a penchant and skill for rejuvenating discarded horses. Both men were attracted to Seabiscuit, possibly by the tremendous strength he seemed to possess, and Smith urged his employer to buy the horse.

Tommie Smith is a former sprinter who made history at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City, where he won the 200-meter dash in 19.83 seconds—the first time that the distance was run in less than 20 seconds. During the medal ceremony, Smith attracted international attention when he and teammate John

Tony Smith was an American architect, sculptor, and painter associated with Minimalism as well as Abstract Expressionism and known for his large geometric sculptures. As a child, Smith was quarantined with tuberculosis and did not emerge into public life until high school. While living behind his

Tracy K. Smith is an American poet and author whose writing often confronts formidable themes of loss and grief, nascent adulthood, and the roles of race and family through references to pop culture and precise descriptions of intimate moments. Smith, born the youngest of five children in

Vernon L. Smith is an American economist, corecipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics in 2002 for his use of laboratory experiments in economic analysis, which laid the foundation for the field of experimental economics. He shared the award with Israeli-born psychologist Daniel Kahneman. Smith

W. Eugene Smith was an American photojournalist noted for his compelling photo-essays, which were characterized by a strong sense of empathy and social conscience. At age 14 Smith began to use photography to aid his aeronautical studies, and within a year he had become a photographer for two local

W. Wallace Smith was an American religious leader who was president of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from 1958 to 1978. A grandson of Joseph Smith, founder of Mormonism, and a son of Joseph Smith, first president of the Reorganized Church, he graduated from the

Sugar Ray Robinson was an American professional boxer, considered by many authorities to have been the best fighter in history. He held six world championship titles: once as a welterweight (held from 1946 to 1951) and five times as a middleweight (from 1951 to 1960). In his 1969 autobiography,

Walter Bedell Smith was a U.S. Army general, diplomat, and administrator who served as chief of staff for U.S. forces in Europe during World War II. Smith began his military career as an enlisted man in the Indiana National Guard (1910–15) and in 1917 was commissioned a second lieutenant of

Red Smith was an American sports columnist whose literary craftsmanship, humorous and iconoclastic approach, and deep knowledge of sports made him one of the United States’ most popular sportswriters. His columns were literate, and he shunned the jargon of the genre. His popularity persisted

Will Smith is an American actor and musician whose charisma and quick wit helped him transition from rap music to a successful career in acting. Smith’s notable films include the blockbusters Bad Boys (1995), Independence Day (1996), and Men in Black (1997). For his work in King Richard (2021), he

Will Smith is an American actor and musician whose charisma and quick wit helped him transition from rap music to a successful career in acting. Smith’s notable films include the blockbusters Bad Boys (1995), Independence Day (1996), and Men in Black (1997). For his work in King Richard (2021), he

William Smith was an English engineer and geologist who is best known for his development of the science of stratigraphy. Smith’s great geologic map of England and Wales (1815) set the style for modern geologic maps, and many of the colourful names he applied to the strata are still in use today.

Antarctic Peninsula: …on January 30, 1820, when William Smith, a sealer, and Edward Bransfield, of the Royal Navy, sailed through what is now Bransfield Strait and saw the Antarctic Peninsula. Many nations have operated Antarctic Survey stations on the peninsula or adjacent islands.

Titanic: U.S. inquiry: William Alden Smith. In all, more than 80 people were interviewed. Notable witnesses included Second Officer Charles Lightoller, the most senior officer to survive. He defended the actions of his superiors, especially Captain Smith’s refusal to decrease the ship’s speed. Many passengers testified to the…

W. Eugene Smith was an American photojournalist noted for his compelling photo-essays, which were characterized by a strong sense of empathy and social conscience. At age 14 Smith began to use photography to aid his aeronautical studies, and within a year he had become a photographer for two local

William Jay Smith was an American lyric poet who was known for his precision and craftsmanship and for his variety of subjects and styles. The son of an army officer, Smith spent much of his early life on a U.S. Army post, a period he recalled in Army Brat: A Memoir (1980; reissued 1991). After

William Robertson Smith was a Scottish Semitic scholar, encyclopaedist, and student of comparative religion and social anthropology. Smith was ordained a minister in 1870 on his appointment as professor of Oriental languages and Old Testament exegesis at the Free Church College of Aberdeen. When

Australian gold rushes: New South Wales: …South Wales in 1847 by William Tipple Smith, a mineralogist who had read Murchison’s predictions. Smith sent his first gold sample, taken from the western slopes of the Blue Mountains near the town of Bathurst to Murchison. Murchison notified the colonial government, which declined to take action. The following year…

W. Wallace Smith was an American religious leader who was president of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from 1958 to 1978. A grandson of Joseph Smith, founder of Mormonism, and a son of Joseph Smith, first president of the Reorganized Church, he graduated from the

jazz: Variations on a theme: jazz elsewhere in the United States: Johnson, Abba Labba, and Willie “The Lion” Smith.

virus: In 1933 the British investigators Wilson Smith, Christopher H. Andrewes, and Patrick P. Laidlaw were able to transmit influenza to ferrets, and the influenza virus was subsequently adapted to mice. In 1941 the American scientist George K. Hirst found that influenza virus grown in tissues of the chicken embryo could…

Winston Smith, fictional character, the protagonist of George Orwell’s cautionary novel Nineteen Eighty-four (1949). A minor bureaucrat in the civil service, Winston Smith lives a drab, conforming existence but wants to experience a meaningful life as an

Zadie Smith is a British author known for her treatment of race, religion, and cultural identity and for her novels’ eccentric characters, savvy humor, and snappy dialogue. She became a sensation in the literary world with the publication of her first novel, White Teeth, in 2000. Sadie Smith, the

Zilpha Drew Smith was an American social worker under whose guidance in the late 19th century Boston’s charity network was skillfully organized and efficiently run. Smith grew up in East Boston (now part of Boston). She graduated from the Girls’ High and Normal School of Boston in 1868. After

military aircraft: Air transport and training: Robert Smith-Barry introduced a curriculum based on a balanced combination of academic classroom training and dual flight instruction. Philosophically, Smith-Barry’s system was based not on avoiding potentially dangerous maneuvers—as had been the case theretofore—but on exposing the student to them in a controlled manner so…

Smith-Connally Anti-Strike Act, (June 25, 1943), measure enacted by the U.S. Congress, over President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s veto, giving the president power to seize and operate privately owned war plants when an actual or threatened strike or lockout interfered with war production. Subsequent

Battle of Mons: Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien’s II Corps on the British left, where the situation was not unfavourable for the British. A canal that looped north of Mons provided a valuable defensive line, while the terrain on the opposite side held numerous difficulties for the attackers. Muddy ditches…

optics: Magnification: the optical invariant: This theorem has been named after the French scientist Joseph-Louis Lagrange, although it is sometimes called the Smith-Helmholtz theorem, after Robert Smith, an English scientist, and Hermann Helmholtz, a German scientist; the product (hnu) is often known as the optical invariant. As it is easy to…

Smith-Hughes Act, U.S. legislation, adopted in 1917, that provided federal aid to the states for the purpose of promoting precollegiate vocational education in agricultural and industrial trades and in home economics. Although the law helped to expand vocational courses and enrollment, it generally

Smith-Hughes Act, U.S. legislation, adopted in 1917, that provided federal aid to the states for the purpose of promoting precollegiate vocational education in agricultural and industrial trades and in home economics. Although the law helped to expand vocational courses and enrollment, it generally

agricultural sciences: U.S. agricultural education and research: Congress passed the Smith–Lever Act in 1914, providing for, among other things, the teaching of improved agricultural practices to farmers. Thus the agricultural extension service—now recognized as an outstanding example of adult vocational education—was established.

Selma March: Voter registration in Selma: , Selma’s recently elected mayor, Joseph Smitherman, sought to prevent local law-enforcement officers from employing violence, fearing that bad publicity would work against his attempt to lure new industry to Selma.

Smithfield, area in the northwestern part of the City of London. It is famous for its meat market (the London Central Meat Market), one of the largest of its kind in the world. From 1133 until 1855 the site was used for the Bartholomew Fair, a cloth and meat market that later became known as a

Olympia, city, capital of Washington, U.S., seat (1852) of Thurston county, on Budd Inlet and Capitol Lake (at the south end of Puget Sound), at the mouth of the Deschutes River, 29 miles (47 km) southwest of Tacoma. Laid out in 1851 as Smithfield, it became the site of a U.S. customs house and was

United Kingdom: Mary I (1553–58): …women were martyred in the Smithfield Fires during the last three years of her reign; compared with events on the Continent, the numbers were not large, but the emotional impact was great. Among the first half-dozen martyrs were the Protestant leaders Cranmer, Nicholas Ridley, Hugh Latimer, and John Hooper, who…

ham: …United States are those of Smithfield, Virginia, which are processed from hogs fattened on acorns, nuts, and corn. The hams are cured in a dry mixture for 30–37 days, then spiced with black pepper, and cold smoked (at 70–90 °F [21–27 °C]) for another 10–15 days. Afterward the ham is…

Oliver Smithies was a British-born American scientist who, with Mario R. Capecchi and Sir Martin J. Evans, won the 2007 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for developing gene targeting, a technology used to create animal models of human diseases in mice. In 1951 Smithies earned both a master’s

smithing, Fabrication and repair of metal objects by hot and cold forging on an anvil or with a power hammer or by welding and other means. Blacksmiths traditionally worked with iron (anciently known as “black metal”), making agricultural and other tools, fashioning hardware (e.g., hooks, hinges,

Jean-Pierre Garnier: …Garnier made the move to SmithKline Beecham, a British-based pharmaceutical firm, where he was named president of the company’s North American business. He was elected to SmithKline Beecham’s board of directors in 1992 and was appointed chief operating officer of the company in 1995. In recognition of his accomplishments, Garnier…

the Smiths, one of the most popular and critically acclaimed English bands of the 1980s. The original members were lead singer Morrissey (original name Steven Patrick Morrissey; b. May 22, 1959, Manchester, England), guitarist Johnny Marr (original name John Maher; b. October 31, 1963, Manchester),

Alison Smithson and Peter Smithson were British architects notable for their design for the Hunstanton Secondary Modern School, Norfolk (1954), which is generally recognized as the first example of New Brutalism, an approach to architecture that often stressed stark presentation of materials and

Forrest Smithson: A Tall Tale: The Olympic Games have, of course, produced numerous fascinating stories—some inspiring, some tragic, and some, such as the tale of Forrest Smithson, a bit befuddling. Smithson’s enduring and endearing legend maintains that the U.S. hurdler protested the scheduling of competition on Sundays by leaping over…

Symphonie fantastique, Op. 14: …poet: he was enchanted by Harriet Smithson, the young Irishwoman who played Ophelia. That enchantment soon turned to obsession as Berlioz haunted the stage door and inundated Smithson with love letters only to have his advances ignored. Motivated by the pain of unilateral love, Berlioz began after three years to…

James Smithson was an English scientist who provided funds for the founding of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. Smithson was born to Hugh Smithson Percy, 1st duke of Northumberland, and Elizabeth Keate Macie, a lineal descendant of Henry VII. Educated at the University of Oxford,

Alison Smithson and Peter Smithson: …3, 2003, London) were British architects notable for their design for the Hunstanton Secondary Modern School, Norfolk (1954), which is generally recognized as the first example of New Brutalism, an approach to architecture that often stressed stark presentation of materials and structure.

Alison Smithson and Peter Smithson: …3, 2003, London) were British architects notable for their design for the Hunstanton Secondary Modern School, Norfolk (1954), which is generally recognized as the first example of New Brutalism, an approach to architecture that often stressed stark presentation of materials and structure.

Robert Smithson was an American sculptor and writer associated with the Land Art movement. His large-scale sculptures, called Earthworks, engaged directly with nature and were created by moving and constructing with vast amounts of soil and rocks. Smithson preferred to work with ruined or exhausted

international payment and exchange: The Smithsonian Agreement and after: On Dec. 17 and 18, 1971, representatives of the Group of Ten met at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., and agreed on a realignment of currencies and a new set of pegged exchange rates. The dollar was devalued in terms…

Smithsonian American Art Museum (SAAM), the first federal art collection of the United States, now the world’s largest collection of American art. The Washington, D.C., museum showcases more than 40,000 works of art, representing 7,000 American artists. Featured permanent collections include

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics: Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory: The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory was established in 1890 in Washington, D.C., by Samuel Pierpont Langley, the third secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, for the specific study of the Sun’s radiation. Langley’s successor as observatory director in 1906, Charles Greeley Abbot, limited the…

Smithsonian Institution, complex based in Washington, D.C., that includes 19 museums, the National Zoo, and 14 research and education centers. Often called the “nation’s attic,” the institution is the home to an extensive collection of objects reflecting the country’s history. This includes

National Museum of Natural History, American museum of natural history, part of the Smithsonian Institution, located on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. The Smithsonian Institution began gathering specimens of natural history in 1838 and continued collecting by gift, purchase, or expedition

Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), a collection of scientific facilities in Panama that is primarily devoted to ecological studies. Although located on Panamanian territory, the institute has been operated by the American Smithsonian Institution since 1946 and was originally

smithsonite, zinc carbonate (ZnCO3), a mineral that was the principal source of zinc until the 1880s, when it was replaced by sphalerite. It is ordinarily found in the oxidized zone of ore deposits as a secondary mineral or alteration product of primary zinc minerals. Notable deposits are at