Locri Epizephyrii: …disclosed a Doric temple, a sanctuary of Persephone, and numerous 5th-century-bc terra-cotta native plaques (pinakes). The discovery of prehistoric objects confirmed the accounts by Thucydides and Polybius that the Greeks were not the first settlers.

Persepolis, an ancient capital of the kings of the Achaemenian dynasty of Iran (Persia), located about 30 miles (50 km) northeast of Shīrāz in the Fars region of southwestern Iran. The site lies near the confluence of the Pulvār (Sīvand) and Kor rivers. In 1979 the ruins were designated a UNESCO

Marjane Satrapi: Persepolis series: …as a film, also called Persepolis (2007), which was nominated for an Academy Award for best animated feature. She directed it with Vincent Paronnaud.

Marjane Satrapi: Persepolis series: …translated together into English as Persepolis 2: The Story of a Return in 2004. Persepolis 2 begins where Persepolis ends, with Satrapi living in Europe. The family friend with whom Satrapi was intended to live instead shuffles her to a boarding house, and her life gradually dissolves. She returns to…

Marjane Satrapi: Persepolis series: …France; they were combined as Persepolis: The Story of a Childhood when translated into English in 2003. Sometimes described as a graphic memoir, Persepolis melds the format of a graphic novel with a prose-only memoir. In it she used a stripped-down visual style that shows the influence of German Expressionism…

Mithraism: Worship, practices, and institutions: >Perses, Persian; heliodromus, Courier of (and to) the Sun; pater, Father. To each rank belonged a particular mask (Raven, Persian, Lion) or dress (Bridegroom). The rising of the Mithraist in grade prefigured the ascent of the soul after death. The series of the seven initiations…

Benvenuto Cellini: Later years: …best known sculpture, the bronze Perseus in Florence’s Loggia dei Lanzi, where it still stands, and for a colossal bust of the Grand Duke of Tuscany (Bargello, Florence). Fleeing to Venice in 1546 to escape charges of immorality, Cellini completed the bust by 1548. In the same period he restored…

Perseus, constellation in the northern sky at about 4 hours right ascension and 40° north in declination. With a magnitude of 1.8, its brightest star is Mirfak (from the Arabic for “the elbow”), which is also known as Algenib (from the Arabic for “the side”). This constellation contains the notable

Perseus was the last king of Macedonia (179–168), whose attempts to dominate Greece brought on the final defeat of Macedonia by the Romans, leading to annexation of the region. The elder son of King Philip V of Macedonia, Perseus commanded troops in his father’s wars against Rome (199) and Aetolia

Perseus, in Greek mythology, the slayer of the Gorgon Medusa and the rescuer of Andromeda from a sea monster. Perseus was the son of Zeus and Danaë, the daughter of Acrisius of Argos. As an infant he was cast into the sea in a chest with his mother by Acrisius, to whom it had been prophesied that

Titian: Mythological paintings: The Perseus and Andromeda was intended to be a companion to Medea and Jason, according to Titian’s letter, but for some reason the second picture was never carried out. Andromeda, bound to the rock at the left, awaits deliverance as Perseus descends from the sky to…

Mars: Spacecraft exploration: …Mars 2020 mission carried the Perseverance rover, which had a drill designed to collect core samples that could be taken to Earth for analysis. Perseverance landed on February 18 in Jezero crater near a dried-up river delta and was designed to search for signs of ancient microbial life. The rover…

perseveration, the repetitive and uncontrollable continuation of a thought, behavior, or response, even when it is no longer appropriate or relevant. Perseveration commonly is associated with neurological disorders, brain injuries, and psychiatric conditions and can have a significant impact on a

Wernher von Braun: Work in the United States: …the Redstone, Jupiter-C, Juno, and Pershing missiles were developed. In 1955 he became a U.S. citizen and, characteristically, accepted citizenship wholeheartedly. During the 1950s Braun became a national and international focal point for the promotion of space flight. He was the author or coauthor of popular articles and books and…

Bill Ackman: Pershing Square Capital Management: …new hedge fund management company, Pershing Square Capital Management. The firm began investing on January 1, 2004, with a fund of $54 million, $50 million of which came from Ackman’s former backer Leucadia National. The fund, which eschewed diversification in favor of concentrating its money in a limited number of…

tank: World War II: Army introduce a few M26 Pershing heavy tanks with a 90-mm gun comparable to that of the original German Tiger. Similarly, the British Army introduced the prototypes of the Centurion tank with a 76-mm gun comparable to that of the German Panther. Otherwise, U.S. and British tanks were well…

John J. Pershing was a U.S. Army general who commanded the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in Europe during World War I. Pershing graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, in 1886. He was commissioned a second lieutenant and assigned to the 6th Cavalry, which was

John J. Pershing was a U.S. Army general who commanded the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in Europe during World War I. Pershing graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, in 1886. He was commissioned a second lieutenant and assigned to the 6th Cavalry, which was

Wychavon: Pershore is the administrative centre.

Persia, historic region of southwestern Asia associated with the area that is now modern Iran. The term Persia was used for centuries and originated from a region of southern Iran formerly known as Persis, alternatively as Pārs or Parsa, modern Fārs. The use of the name was gradually extended by

Mithraism: Worship, practices, and institutions: >Perses, Persian; heliodromus, Courier of (and to) the Sun; pater, Father. To each rank belonged a particular mask (Raven, Persian, Lion) or dress (Bridegroom). The rising of the Mithraist in grade prefigured the ascent of the soul after death. The series of the seven initiations…

longhair, breed of domestic cat noted for its long, soft, flowing coat. Long-haired cats were originally known as Persians or Angoras. These names were later discarded in favour of the name longhair, although the cats are still commonly called Persians in the United States. The longhair, a

Persian, predominant ethnic group of Iran (formerly known as Persia). Although of diverse ancestry, the Persian people are united by their language, Persian (Farsi), which belongs to the Indo-Iranian group of the Indo-European language family. (Dari, a variant of the Persian language, is the lingua

Pahlavi alphabet, writing system of the Persian people that dates from as early as the 2nd century bce, some scholars believe, and was in use until the advent of Islam (7th century ce). The Zoroastrian sacred book, the Avesta, is written in a variant of Pahlavi called Avestan. The Pahlavi alphabet

ancient Iran: Artaxerxes I to Darius III: …exploitation by the famous “Persian archers,” the gold coins of the Achaemenids that depicted an archer on their obverse and that were used with considerable skill by the Persians in bribing first one Greek state and then another. Initially the Persians encouraged Athens against Sparta and from this gained…

buttercup: Major species: The Persian buttercup (Ranunculus asiaticus) is the florist’s ranunculus. Among the many wild species are the tall meadow buttercup (R. acris), native to Eurasia but widely introduced elsewhere; the swamp buttercup (R. hispidis) of eastern North American wetlands; and the Eurasian creeping

ʿAbbās I: Life: …a major industry, and fine Persian rugs began to appear in the homes of wealthy European burghers. Another profitable export was textiles, which included brocades and damasks of unparalleled richness. The production and sale of silk was made a monopoly of the crown. In the illumination of manuscripts, bookbinding, and…

Nestorianism, Christian sect that originated in Asia Minor and Syria stressing the independence of the divine and human natures of Christ and, in effect, suggesting that they are two persons loosely united. The schismatic sect formed following the condemnation of Nestorius and his teachings by the

Shiʿi: Shiʿi dynasties: …also motivated the early 20th-century Constitutional Revolution, which established a constitution and a parliament in Iran to check the efforts of the Qājār shahs to further aggrandize their power.

Persian Cossack Brigade, cavalry unit founded in Iran in 1879 and modeled after Russian Cossack formations. It began as a regiment and was enlarged within a few months to a brigade and later, during World War I, into a division. The genesis of the Iranian brigade lay in the need for a reliable and

Tehran: Cultural life: Persian cuisine is characterized by the use of lime and saffron, the blend of meats with fruits and nuts, a unique way of cooking rice, and Iranian hospitality. Food is subtly spiced, delicate in flavor and appearance, and not typically hot or spicy. Many recipes…

Sir Henry Creswicke Rawlinson: As a result, his Persian Cuneiform Inscription at Behistun appeared (1846–51); it contained a complete translation, analysis of the grammar, and notes—altogether an achievement yielding valuable information on the history of ancient Persia and its rulers. With other scholars he succeeded in deciphering the Mesopotamian cuneiform script by 1857.…

Persian deer, fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica) of western Asia. The maral, an Asiatic red deer, also is often called Persian deer. See fallow

Persian deer, fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica) of western Asia. The maral, an Asiatic red deer, also is often called Persian deer. See fallow

Persian Gulf, shallow marginal sea of the Indian Ocean that lies between the Arabian Peninsula and southwestern Iran. The sea has an area of about 93,000 square miles (241,000 square km). Its length is some 615 miles (990 km), and its width varies from a maximum of about 210 miles (340 km) to a

Persian Gulf War, (1990–91), international conflict that was triggered by Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait on August 2, 1990. Iraq’s leader, Saddam Hussein, ordered the invasion and occupation of Kuwait with the apparent aim of acquiring that nation’s large oil reserves, canceling a large debt Iraq owed

After Iraq invaded Kuwait in August 1990, an international coalition led by the United States fought the Persian Gulf War, defeating Iraq six months later. This timeline details the war’s key events. list, timeline, Persian Gulf, Persian Gulf War, Iraq, Kuwait, United States, George H.W. BushIraq

Iraq War, (2003–11), conflict in Iraq that consisted of two phases. The first of these was a brief, conventionally fought war in March–April 2003, in which a combined force of troops from the United States and Great Britain (with smaller contingents from several other countries) invaded Iraq and

Iraq: Iraq from 1055 to 1534: , Persian) Iraq (ʿIrāq ʿAjamī) and was more or less identical with ancient Media or the Umayyad and Abbasid province of Jibāl. Together these regions became known as “the Two Iraqs,” in contradistinction to the previous usage of the term in reference to the towns of…

Hamamelidaceae: …also an outstanding trait of Persian ironwood (Parrotia persica), a small tree from northern Iran. Its flowers, produced before the leaves, have drooping stamens, lack petals, and have brown leaflike bracts. This tree’s close-grained wood is very strong, as are the twigs of the related Parrotiopsis jacquemontiana, which is used…

rug and carpet: Materials and technique: The Persian, or asymmetrical, knot is used principally in Iran, India, China, and Egypt. This knot was formerly known as the Senneh (Sehna) knot. The Spanish knot, used mainly in Spain, differs from the other two types in looping around only one warp yarn. After the…

Karakul: …black coats and are called Persian lamb in the fur trade. The wool of mature Karakul sheep, classified as carpet wool, is a mixture of coarse and fine fibres, from 6 to 10 inches (15 to 25 cm) long, of colours varying from black to various shades of brown and…

Persian language, member of the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian language family. It is the official language of Iran, and two varieties of Persian known as Dari and Tajik are official languages in Afghanistan and Tajikistan, respectively. Modern Persian is most closely related to Middle and Old

leopard: Conservation status: pardus kotiya) and the Persian leopard (P. pardus saxicolor) were endangered species and the Amur leopard (P. pardus orientalis), Arabian leopard (P. pardus nimr), and Javan leopard (P. pardus melas) continued to decrease, with several of these subspecies declining to critical levels.

Montesquieu: Early life and career: …publishing his Lettres persanes (Persian Letters, 1722), in which he gave a brilliant satirical portrait of French and particularly Parisian civilization, supposedly seen through the eyes of two Persian travellers. This exceedingly successful work mocks the reign of Louis XIV, which had only recently ended; pokes fun at all…

Meliaceae: The chinaberry (Melia azedarach), also called bead tree and Persian lilac, is an ornamental Asian tree with round yellow fruits, often cultivated in many tropical and warm temperate areas.

lilac: Major species: The weaker-stemmed Persian lilac (S. persica), ranging from Iran to China, droops over, reaching about 2 metres (6.5 feet) in height. Its flowers usually are pale lavender, but there are darker and even white varieties.

lime: The Persian lime (Citrus ×latifolia) is one of the most common commercial varieties, though the smaller key lime, or Mexican lime (C. ×aurantifolia), is also economically important in many places. The lime fruit is a key ingredient in certain pickles and chutneys, and lime juice is…

Asiatic lion, (subspecies Panthera leo leo), population of lions whose geographic range once extended from Turkey to India. In the present day, however, wild Asiatic lions are limited to India’s Gir Protected Area, which is within a dry deciduous forest and includes the Gir National Park, and a

Persian literature, body of writings in New Persian (also called Modern Persian), the form of the Persian language written since the 9th century with a slightly extended form of the Arabic alphabet and with many Arabic loanwords. The literary form of New Persian is known as Farsi in Iran, where it

caracal, (Caracal caracal), short-tailed cat (family Felidae) found in hills, deserts, and plains of Africa, the Middle East, and central and southwestern Asia. The caracal is a sleek short-haired cat with a reddish brown coat and long tufts of black hairs on the tips of its pointed ears.

melon: …include the honeydew, casaba, and Persian melons. Flexuosus group, the snake or serpent melons, which grow up to 7 cm (3 inches) in diameter and about 1 metre (3 feet) in length. The flesh is slightly acidic and cucumber-like. Conomon group, the Asian pickling melons, which have greenish flesh and…

Diane Johnson: …from her previous novels with Persian Nights (1987), about an American woman who ends up discovering herself during a trip to Iran shortly before the country’s revolution. After Health and Happiness (1990), which centres on a San Francisco hospital, Johnson wrote several comedies of manners concerning American women in France:…

ancient Iranian religion, diverse beliefs and practices of the culturally and linguistically related group of ancient peoples who inhabited the Iranian plateau and its borderlands, as well as areas of Central Asia from the Black Sea to Khotan (modern Hotan, China). The northern Iranians (referred

Persian Royal Road, ancient road running from Susa, the ancient capital of Persia, across Anatolia to Sardis and Smyrna on the Aegean Sea, a distance of more than 2,400 km (1,500 miles). King Darius I built the road to facilitate communication throughout the western portions of his empire.

ʿAbbās I: Life: …a major industry, and fine Persian rugs began to appear in the homes of wealthy European burghers. Another profitable export was textiles, which included brocades and damasks of unparalleled richness. The production and sale of silk was made a monopoly of the crown. In the illumination of manuscripts, bookbinding, and…

stonecress: Persian stonecress (Aethionema grandiflorum) is a perennial with rosy-lavender flowers and grows to over 30 cm (1 foot). Lebanon stonecress (A. cordifolium) has rose-pink flowers on 10- to 25-cm (4- to 10-inch) plants. Fragrant Persian stonecress (A. schistosum) rarely reaches more than 30 cm in…

English walnut, (Juglans regia), valuable nut and timber tree of the family Juglandaceae, native to Iran. The English walnut is cultivated extensively for its fine-quality edible seeds, sold commercially as walnuts. The dark fine-grained wood, similar to that of black walnut (Juglans nigra), is

Greco-Persian Wars, (492–449 bce), series of wars fought by Greek states and Persia over a period of almost half a century. The fighting was most intense during two invasions that Persia launched against mainland Greece between 490 and 479. Although the Persian empire was at the peak of its

sakia, mechanical device used to raise water from wells or pits. A sakia consists of buckets fastened to a vertical wheel or to a rope belt about the wheel, which is itself attached by a shaft to a horizontal wheel turned by horses, oxen, or asses. Sakias made of metal, wood, and stone are found

Persians, one of a trilogy of unconnected tragedies presented in 472 bce by Aeschylus. Persians is unique among surviving ancient Greek tragedies in that it dramatizes recent history rather than events from the distant age of mythical heroes. The play treats the decisive repulse of the Persians

Michael Essien: …March 2017 he joined Indonesia’s Persib Bandung but played only one season before again being released. In 2019 he signed with Azerbaijan’s Sabail.

Ctesias: …398 and began writing his Persica, a history of Assyria-Babylonia in 23 books. Books I–VI included a history of Assyria and the Medes, and the last 10 books were a more detailed account from the death of Xerxes (465) to 398. Although Ctesias claimed that his history was based on…

Choerilus: …a lost verse chronicle, the Persica, which probably related the story of the Persian wars as narrated in prose by the historian Herodotus. Because Choerilus’s work treated recent historical events, it represented a notable innovation in epic poetry; earlier epics derived their subject matter from Greek mythology. According to the…

Vincent Persichetti was an American composer noted for his succinct polyphonic style (based on interwoven melodic lines), forceful rhythms, and generally diatonic melodies (moving stepwise; not atonal or highly chromatic). Persichetti began piano lessons at the age of 5, studied theory at 8, and

Colombo crime family: …and paralyzed in 1974, and Carmine J. (“The Snake”) Persico, one of Profaci’s soldiers from the 1960 Gallo War, took over as boss. In 1986 Persico was convicted on extortion and federal racketeering charges. Despite serving concurrent prison sentences with no hope of release—139 years combined—Persico maintained his leadership. He…

Jean-Gilbert-Victor Fialin, duke de Persigny was a French statesman who helped pave the way for Louis-Napoléon’s rise to power as the emperor Napoleon III. Born of a petty noble family, he served in the hussars from 1825 to 1831, when he was dismissed for participation in a political rebellion.

persimmon, either of two trees of the genus Diospyros (family Ebenaceae) and their edible fruits. Persimmons are eaten fresh as a dessert fruit, often with sugar or liqueur, or are stewed or cooked as jam. The Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki), an important and extensively grown fruit in China

Persis, ancient country in the southwestern part of Iran, roughly coextensive with the modern region of Fārs. Its name was derived from the Iranian tribe of the Parsua (Parsuash; Parsumash; Persians), who settled there in the 7th century bc. Herodotus lists the leading Persian tribes as the

weather forecasting: Techniques: Persistence (warm summers follow warm springs) or anti-persistence (cold springs follow warm winters) also were used, even though, strictly speaking, most forecasters consider persistence forecasts “no-skill” forecasts. Yet, they too have had limited success.

persistence hunting, a form of hunting in which a hunter drives prey to exhaustion with a combination of walking and running, usually in a hot environment. A number of instances of persistence hunting have been noted among modern hunter-gatherer groups. Some scholars argue that persistence hunting

Herbert Spencer: The synthetic philosophy in outline of Herbert Spencer: …called the law of the persistence of force, from which it follows that nothing homogeneous can remain as such if it is acted upon, because any external force must affect some part of it differently from other parts and cause difference and variety to arise. From that, he continued, it…

The Persistence of Memory, painting by Salvador Dali completed in 1931. Also known as Soft Watches or Melting Clocks, it is one of Dalí’s most famous pieces. The Persistence of Memory is small, measuring just 9.5 × 13 inches (24 × 33 cm). Several of Dalí’s favorite recurring images are present in

animation: Early history: …entertainment, discovered the principle of persistence of vision. If drawings of the stages of an action were shown in fast succession, the human eye would perceive them as a continuous movement. One of the first commercially successful devices, invented by the Belgian Joseph Plateau in 1832, was the phenakistoscope, a…

persistent depressive disorder, mental disorder characterized by symptoms of depression that are present for two or more years. Although captured by different names and diagnoses throughout history, persistent depressive disorder was first recognized as such in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and

patent ductus arteriosus, congenital heart defect characterized by the persistence of the ductus arteriosus, a channel that shunts blood between the pulmonary artery and the aorta. Normally, after birth the pulmonary artery carries blood depleted of oxygen and laden with carbon dioxide from the

toxic waste: Types: …and environmentalists, are categorized as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Several POPs are pesticides: aldrin, chlordane, DDT, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, mirex, and toxaphene. Other POPs are produced during the combustion process. For example, dioxins and furans are by-products of chemical production and the burning of chlorinated substances, and polychlorinated biphenyls

soil seed bank: The role of seed dormancy: Persistent seed banks are common in annual plants and some woody plants, in which the failure of seed to establish the next generation would mean the collapse of the population. Scientists sometimes further classify persistent seed banks based on the extent or pattern of dormancy.

Persius was a Stoic poet whose Latin satires reached a higher moral tone than those of other classical Latin poets (excepting Juvenal). A pupil and friend of the Stoic philosopher Lucius Annaeus Cornutus and a fellow student of the poet Lucan, who admired all he wrote, Persius discovered his

Lauren Bacall was an American actress known for her portrayals of provocative women who hid their soft core underneath a layer of hard-edged pragmatism. Bacall started modeling in 1941 and supplemented her income with jobs as a theatre usher and as a hostess at the Stage Door Canteen, which kept

Shimon Peres was a Polish-born Israeli statesman, who served as both prime minister (1984–86 and 1995–96) and president (2007–14) of Israel and as leader of the Israel Labour Party (1977–92, 1995–97, and 2003–05). In 1993, in his role as Israeli foreign minister, Peres helped negotiate a peace

kinship: Personhood, cohesion, and the matrilineal puzzle: The differences between matrilineal and patrilineal systems nonetheless drew the nature of personhood to the attention of descent theorists. Studies of matrilineal systems suggested that a particular nexus of problems might arise regarding political continuity in a context where…

Peter Taylor Forsyth: Forsyth’s most famous book, The Person and Place of Jesus Christ (1909), attempted “to moralize dogma,” to express in terms of modern personal experience the meaning of the doctrine of Christ’s divinity. In Christ on Parnassus (1911), dealing with theology and the arts, and in The Justification of God…

orangutan, (genus Pongo), any of three species of Asian great apes found in rainforests on the Southeast Asian islands of Sumatra and Borneo. The Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) inhabits large portions of Borneo, whereas the Sumatran orangutan (P. abelii) and the Tapanuli orangutan (P.

John Frankenheimer: Early work: …broadcasts to shows that included Person to Person, See It Now, and You Are There. From 1954 to 1960 he directed live dramas for such series as Playhouse 90 (42 shows, including The Days of Wine and Roses and The Turn of the Screw) and Studio One. Frankenheimer also worked…

nondirective psychotherapy, an approach to the treatment of mental disorders that aims primarily toward fostering personality growth by helping individuals gain insight into and acceptance of their feelings, values, and behaviour. The function of the therapist is to extend consistent, warm,

radiation: Units for measuring ionizing radiation: …a population, the person-Sv and person-rem are the units used. These units represent the product of the average dose per person times the number of people exposed (e.g., 1 Sv to each of 100 persons = 100 person-Sv = 10,000 person-rem).

radiation: Units for measuring ionizing radiation: …dose to a population, the person-Sv and person-rem are the units used. These units represent the product of the average dose per person times the number of people exposed (e.g., 1 Sv to each of 100 persons = 100 person-Sv = 10,000 person-rem).

Ingmar Bergman: Life: …series of films that included Persona (1966), Vargtimmen (1968; Hour of the Wolf), Skammen (1968; Shame), and En passion (1969; A Passion, or The Passion of Anna), all dramas of inner conflicts involving a small, closely knit group of characters. With The Touch (1971; Beröringen), his first English-language film,

persona, in literature, the person who is understood to be speaking (or thinking or writing) a particular work. The persona is almost invariably distinct from the author; it is the voice chosen by the author for a particular artistic purpose. The persona may be a character in the work or merely an

persona, in psychology, the personality that an individual projects to others, as differentiated from the authentic self. The term, coined by Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung, is derived from the Latin persona, referring to the masks worn by Etruscan mimes. One of the Jungian archetypes, the persona

Jorge Edwards: …notoriety with the publication of Persona non grata (1973; Eng. trans. Persona non grata), a memoir of his experiences as the Chilean ambassador to Cuba in the early 1970s. Critical of the revolutionary socialist regime of Cuba’s Fidel Castro, the book created controversy among Latin American writers. In 1999, Edwards…

stagecraft: Classical theatrical costume: Their masks, known as personae, were decorated with hair; they were not worn by professional actors until introduced by the actor Roscius in the 1st century bce. Before the introduction of masks, wigs (galeri) were worn. Also, Italian comedians wore a flat slipper called the succus.

Personae, anthology of short verse by Ezra Pound, published in 1926. The work contains many of his shorter poems, including selections from the earlier collections A lume spento (1908), A Quinzaine for This Yule (1908), Personae (1909), Exultations (1909), Canzoni (1911), Ripostes (1912), and

Personae, anthology of short verse by Ezra Pound, published in 1926. The work contains many of his shorter poems, including selections from the earlier collections A lume spento (1908), A Quinzaine for This Yule (1908), Personae (1909), Exultations (1909), Canzoni (1911), Ripostes (1912), and

armour: Modern body armour systems: Army developed the Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops (PASGT), which was composed of a newly designed Kevlar helmet and a Kevlar vest. Although the vest weighed 9 pounds (4 kg), slightly more than the M-1969 vest it replaced, it provided superior protection against shell fragments. In 2003,…

telephone: Personal communication systems: In a number of countries throughout the world, a wireless service called the personal communication system (PCS) is available. In the broadest sense, PCS includes all forms of wireless communication that are interconnected with the public switched telephone network, including mobile telephone…

personal computer (PC), a digital computer designed for use by only one person at a time. A typical personal computer assemblage consists of a central processing unit (CPU), which contains the computer’s arithmetic, logic, and control circuitry on an integrated circuit; two types of computer

propaganda: Modern research and the evolution of current theories: …smartphones, collected massive amounts of personal data about the consumers who used them, generally without their informed consent. Such data potentially included consumers’ ages, genders, marital status, medical histories, employment histories and other financial information, personal and professional interests, political affiliations and opinions, and even geographic locations on a minute-by-minute…

PDA, an electronic handheld organizer used in the 1990s and 2000s to store contact information, manage calendars, communicate by e-mail, and handle documents and spreadsheets, usually in communication with the user’s personal computer (PC). The first PDAs were developed in the early 1990s as