Oss, gemeente (municipality), south-central Netherlands, east-northeast of ’s-Hertogenbosch and about 3 miles (5 km) south of the Maas (Meuse) River. Principal economic activities include food processing, pharmaceuticals and electronics manufacturing, and services. Mainly Roman Catholic, it was

Ossa, mountain massif, nomós (department) of Lárissa (Modern Greek: Lárisa), eastern Thessaly (Thessalía), Greece. It lies on the Gulf of Thérmai (Thermaïkós) and is separated on the north from the Olympus (Ólympos) massif by the Vale of Tempe (Témbi). Rising from a broad, steep-sided plateau to a

Ossa, mountain massif, nomós (department) of Lárissa (Modern Greek: Lárisa), eastern Thessaly (Thessalía), Greece. It lies on the Gulf of Thérmai (Thermaïkós) and is separated on the north from the Olympus (Ólympos) massif by the Vale of Tempe (Témbi). Rising from a broad, steep-sided plateau to a

Mount Ossa, highest peak in Tasmania, Australia, rising to 5,305 feet (1,617 m), in the central highlands. At the northern end of the rugged Ducane Range, Mount Ossa, along with several other peaks surpassing 5,000 feet, lies within Cradle Mountain–Lake St. Clair National Park. Its slopes are

human ear: Structure of the cochlea: A thin bony shelf, the osseous spiral lamina, winds around the modiolus like the thread of a screw. It projects about halfway across the cochlear canal, partly dividing it into two compartments, an upper chamber called the scala vestibuli (vestibular ramp) and a lower chamber called the scala tympani (tympanic…

human ear: Structure of the cochlea: A thin bony shelf, the osseous spiral lamina, winds around the modiolus like the thread of a screw. It projects about halfway across the cochlear canal, partly dividing it into two compartments, an upper chamber called the scala vestibuli (vestibular ramp) and a lower chamber called the scala tympani (tympanic…

L’Osservatore Romano, daily newspaper published in Vatican City, one of the most influential papers in Italy and the de facto voice of the Holy See. It was founded in Rome in 1861 with the approval of Pope Pius IX and took the name of a defunct Roman journal. The Vatican subsidized it from the time

Italian literature: The Enlightenment (Illuminismo): …two periodicals—La Gazzetta Veneta and L’Osservatore—he presented a lively chronicle of Venetian life and indicated a practical moral with much good sense. Giuseppe Baretti—an extremely controversial figure who published a critical journal called La Frusta Letteraria (“The Literary Whip”), in which he castigated “bad authors”—had learned much through a lengthy…

Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei: …as was Maffei’s later periodical, Osservazioni letterarie (1737–40). Maffei’s verse tragedy Merope (performed and published 1713; modern ed., 1911) met with astonishing success and, because it was based on Greek mythology and the drama of Euripides and the French Neoclassical period, pointed the way for the later reform of Italian…

Luchino Visconti: Ossessione (1942; “Obsession”), an adaptation of James M. Cain’s novel The Postman Always Rings Twice, established his reputation as a director. In it he used natural settings, combined professional actors with local residents, experimented with long-travelling camera shots, and incorporated sequences taken with hidden cameras…

Caucasian peoples: …ancient Indo-European group is the Ossetes, or Ossetians, in the central Greater Caucasus; they are a remnant of the eastern Iranian nomads who roamed the south Western Steppe from the 7th century bce until the 4th century ce (when they were dispelled by the Huns) and who were successively known…

Caucasian peoples: …ancient Indo-European group is the Ossetes, or Ossetians, in the central Greater Caucasus; they are a remnant of the eastern Iranian nomads who roamed the south Western Steppe from the 7th century bce until the 4th century ce (when they were dispelled by the Huns) and who were successively known…

Ossetic language, eastern Iranian language spoken in the northern Caucasus by the Ossetes. There are two major dialects: (1) eastern, called Iron, and (2) western, called Digor. The majority of the Ossetes speak Iron, which is the basis of the literary language now written in the Cyrillic alphabet.

human ear: Structure of the cochlea: A thin bony shelf, the osseous spiral lamina, winds around the modiolus like the thread of a screw. It projects about halfway across the cochlear canal, partly dividing it into two compartments, an upper chamber called the scala vestibuli (vestibular ramp) and a lower chamber called the scala tympani (tympanic…

human ear: Structure of the cochlea: A thin bony shelf, the osseous spiral lamina, winds around the modiolus like the thread of a screw. It projects about halfway across the cochlear canal, partly dividing it into two compartments, an upper chamber called the scala vestibuli (vestibular ramp) and a lower chamber called the scala tympani (tympanic…

Eugenio Montale: Montale’s first book of poems, Ossi di seppia (1925; “Cuttlefish Bones”), expressed the bitter pessimism of the postwar period. In this book he used the symbols of the desolate and rocky Ligurian coast to express his feelings. A tragic vision of the world as a dry, barren, hostile wilderness not…

Ossian, the Irish warrior-poet of the Fenian cycle of hero tales about Finn MacCumhaill (MacCool) and his war band, the Fianna Éireann. The name Ossian became known throughout Europe in 1762, when the Scottish poet James Macpherson “discovered” and published the poems of Oisín, first with the epic

Anne-Louis Girodet: …reign in the composition of Ossian and the French Generals (1801), painted for Napoleon’s residence, Malmaison. This unusual work melds images inspired by James Macpherson’s Ossianic works with images of the spirits of the generals who died during the French Revolution of 1789. Girodet continued to paint literary subjects in…

The Hebrides, Op. 26, concert overture (resembling an operatic overture, though intended for concert performance rather than as a prelude to a theatrical work) by German composer Felix Mendelssohn, a tempestuous one-movement work in sonata form, inspired by the composer’s visit to the Hebrides

Ossianic ballads, Irish lyric and narrative poems dealing with the legends of Finn MacCumhaill and his war band. They are named for Oisín (Ossian), the chief bard of the Fenian cycle. These poems belong to a common Scots-Irish tradition: some are found in the Scottish Highlands, others in Ireland,

Fenian cycle, in Irish literature, tales and ballads centring on the deeds of the legendary Finn MacCumhaill (MacCool) and his war band, the Fianna Éireann. An elite volunteer corps of warriors and huntsmen, skilled in poetry, the Fianna flourished under the reign of Cormac mac Airt in the 3rd

echinoderm: Skeleton: …of a series of drum-shaped ossicles. The asteroid skeleton is composed of numerous smooth or spine-bearing ossicles of various shapes held together by muscles and ligaments, permitting flexibility. The arms of asteroids are hollow, those of ophiuroids solid, with the central axis of each arm consisting of elongated ossicles called…

ear bone, any of the three tiny bones in the middle ear of all mammals. These are the malleus, or hammer, the incus, or anvil, and the stapes, or stirrup. Together they form a short chain that crosses the middle ear and transmits vibrations caused by sound waves from the eardrum membrane to the

ear bone, any of the three tiny bones in the middle ear of all mammals. These are the malleus, or hammer, the incus, or anvil, and the stapes, or stirrup. Together they form a short chain that crosses the middle ear and transmits vibrations caused by sound waves from the eardrum membrane to the

ear bone, any of the three tiny bones in the middle ear of all mammals. These are the malleus, or hammer, the incus, or anvil, and the stapes, or stirrup. Together they form a short chain that crosses the middle ear and transmits vibrations caused by sound waves from the eardrum membrane to the

ear disease: Ossicular interruption: The ossicular chain of three tiny bones needed to carry sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the fluid that fills the inner ear may be disrupted by infection or by a jarring blow on the head. Most often the separation occurs at…

Carl von Ossietzky was a German journalist and pacifist, winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace for 1935. In 1912 Ossietzky joined the German Peace Society but was conscripted into the army and served throughout World War I. In 1920 he became the society’s secretary in Berlin. Ossietzky helped to

bone formation, process by which new bone is produced. Ossification begins about the third month of fetal life in humans and is completed by late adolescence. The process takes two general forms, one for compact bone, which makes up roughly 80 percent of the skeleton, and the other for cancellous

Ossining, village in the town (township) of Ossining, Westchester county, southeastern New York, U.S., on the east bank of the Hudson River. The site was part of a land grant made in 1680 to Frederick Philipse by Charles II and known as Philipsburg Manor; Philipse purchased more land from the

Hosius Of Córdoba was a Spanish bishop of Córdoba who, as ecclesiastical adviser to Emperor Constantine I, was one of the chief defenders of orthodoxy in the West against the early Donatists (q.v.). Consecrated bishop of Córdoba (c. 295), Hosius attended the Council of Elvira (Granada, c. 300) and

Jon Ossoff is an American politician elected as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate from Georgia in a runoff in January 2021. He is the state’s first Jewish senator and, at 33, was the youngest Democratic senator elected to the body in 40 years. Ossoff is the only child of Heather Fenton, who emigrated

Jon Ossoff is an American politician elected as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate from Georgia in a runoff in January 2021. He is the state’s first Jewish senator and, at 33, was the youngest Democratic senator elected to the body in 40 years. Ossoff is the only child of Heather Fenton, who emigrated

Margaret Fuller was an American critic, teacher, and woman of letters whose efforts to civilize the taste and enrich the lives of her contemporaries make her significant in the history of American culture. She is particularly remembered for her landmark book Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845),

Ossory, an ancient kingdom of Ireland that won for itself a semi-independent position as a state within the kingdom of Leinster, probably in the 1st century ad. In the 9th century it was ruled by an able king, Cerball, who allied himself with the Norse invaders and figured in later centuries as an

Ireland: The Reformation period: …of the Butlers of Ormonde; Piers Butler, earl of Ossory, helped to secure the enactment of royal (instead of papal) ecclesiastical supremacy by the Dublin Parliament of 1536–37. As a further step in shedding papal authority, in 1541 a complaisant Parliament recognized Henry VIII as king of Ireland (his predecessors…

memento mori: Religious and philosophical expressions: In architecture, ossuaries, or “bone churches,” lined with human bones functioned both as memento mori and places for storage if a cemetery became too crowded. Famous examples include the 15th-century Sedlec Ossuary in the Czech Republic, which was redesigned in 1870, and the 16th-century Capela dos Ossos…

East Berlin, eastern part of the city of Berlin that served as the capital of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) until the reunification of Germany in

Adriaen van Ostade was a painter and printmaker of the Baroque period known for his genre pictures of Dutch peasant life. He also did religious subjects, portraits, and landscapes. Van Ostade was a prolific artist, executing his small-scale works in oil, usually on wood panels. He also worked in

Isack van Ostade was a Dutch genre and landscape painter of the Baroque period, especially noted for his winter scenes and depictions of peasants and travelers at rustic inns. Isack was a pupil of his brother Adriaen, whose manner he followed so closely that some of his early works have been

Isack van Ostade was a Dutch genre and landscape painter of the Baroque period, especially noted for his winter scenes and depictions of peasants and travelers at rustic inns. Isack was a pupil of his brother Adriaen, whose manner he followed so closely that some of his early works have been

Isack van Ostade was a Dutch genre and landscape painter of the Baroque period, especially noted for his winter scenes and depictions of peasants and travelers at rustic inns. Isack was a pupil of his brother Adriaen, whose manner he followed so closely that some of his early works have been

Paul van Ostaijen was a Flemish man of letters whose avant-garde Expressionist poetry and writings on literature and art were influential in Belgium and the Netherlands. While working as a municipal clerk from 1914 to 1918, van Ostaijen began to contribute poetry to newspapers and periodicals. His

Ilf and Petrov: …success, and its rogue-hero—the irrepressible Ostap Bender—became overnight, and remained, one of the most popular personages in Russian fiction. Killed off at the end of The Twelve Chairs, Bender was resurrected in a sequel, Zolotoy telyonok (1931; The Little Golden Calf), an equally humorous but more serious and trenchant satire…

ostariophysan, (superorder Ostariophysi), any of about 8,000 species of bony fishes belonging to a group that includes the majority of freshwater fishes throughout the world. Familiar representatives of this group are the minnows, suckers, carps, piranhas, electric eels, and innumerable catfishes.

ostariophysan, (superorder Ostariophysi), any of about 8,000 species of bony fishes belonging to a group that includes the majority of freshwater fishes throughout the world. Familiar representatives of this group are the minnows, suckers, carps, piranhas, electric eels, and innumerable catfishes.

Western architecture: Scandinavia: …Stockholm, designed in 1908 by Ragnar Östberg and executed in 1911–23. In Finland, Lars Sonck worked in an Arts and Crafts Gothic style reminiscent of the work of the American Henry Hobson Richardson—e.g., his Tampere Cathedral (1902–07) and Telephone Exchange, Helsinki (1905).

East Germany, former country (1949–90) that constitutes the northeastern section of present-day

Joel Osteen is an American televangelist, theologian, speaker, and author who has attracted millions of followers with his simple and positive sermons and his best-selling books. Osteen’s parents founded the nondenominational charismatic Lakewood Church in Houston in 1959. His father, John Osteen,

bony fish, (superclass Osteichthyes), any member of the superclass Osteichthyes, a group made up of the classes Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fishes) and Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) in the subphylum Vertebrata, including the great majority of living fishes and virtually all the world’s sport

Paget disease of bone, chronic disease of middle age, characterized by excessive breakdown and formation of bone tissue. It is a localized disease that may be unifocal, affecting a single bone, or multifocal, affecting many bones or nearly the entire skeleton. For this reason, it is included among

Ostend, municipality, Flanders Region, northwestern Belgium. It lies along the North Sea and at the end of the Ghent-Brugge Canal. A fishing village (originally Oostende-ter-Streepe) since the 9th century, it was fortified in 1583 and became the last Dutch stronghold in Belgium, falling to the

Ostend Company, trading company that operated from the Austrian Netherlands from 1722 to 1731. Founded by the Holy Roman emperor Charles VI, it represented an attempt to cash in on the riches being won by the Dutch and English East India companies and stemmed from Charles VI’s awareness of the

Ostend Manifesto, (October 18, 1854), communication from three U.S. diplomats to Secretary of State William L. Marcy, advocating U.S. seizure of Cuba from Spain. The incident marked the high point of the U.S. expansionist drive in the Caribbean in the 1850s. After Pierre Soulé, U.S. minister to

The Spanish struggle to wrest the port of Ostend, the last Protestant settlement in Flanders, from the hands of the Dutch lasted more than three years, from July 1601 to September 1604. It was the bloodiest battle of the Eighty Years’ War. Such was its length and violence that the Siege of Ostend

Ostend, municipality, Flanders Region, northwestern Belgium. It lies along the North Sea and at the end of the Ghent-Brugge Canal. A fishing village (originally Oostende-ter-Streepe) since the 9th century, it was fortified in 1583 and became the last Dutch stronghold in Belgium, falling to the

Ostend Company, trading company that operated from the Austrian Netherlands from 1722 to 1731. Founded by the Holy Roman emperor Charles VI, it represented an attempt to cash in on the riches being won by the Dutch and English East India companies and stemmed from Charles VI’s awareness of the

Ostend Company, trading company that operated from the Austrian Netherlands from 1722 to 1731. Founded by the Holy Roman emperor Charles VI, it represented an attempt to cash in on the riches being won by the Dutch and English East India companies and stemmed from Charles VI’s awareness of the

definition: Ostensive definition specifies the meaning of an expression by pointing to examples of things to which the expression applies (e.g., green is the color of grass, limes, lily pads, and emeralds). Stipulative definition assigns a new meaning to an expression (or a meaning to a…

Canadian literature: Modern period, 1900–60: Martha Ostenso’s Wild Geese (1925), a tale of a strong young girl in thrall to her cruel father, and Frederick Philip Grove’s Settlers of the Marsh (1925) and Fruits of the Earth (1933), depicting man’s struggle for mastery of himself and his land, are moving…

monstrance, in the Roman Catholic Church and some other churches, a vessel in which the consecrated eucharistic host (the sacramental bread) is carried in processions and is displayed during certain devotional ceremonies. Both names, monstrance and ostensorium, are derived from Latin words

osteoarthritis, disorder of the joints characterized by progressive deterioration of the articular cartilage or of the entire joint, including the articular cartilage, the synovium (joint lining), the ligaments, and the subchondral bone (bone beneath the cartilage). Osteoarthritis is the most

spondylitis: Hypertrophic spondylitis, also known as osteoarthritis of the spine, is a degenerative disease seen mostly in individuals over the age of 50. It is characterized by the destruction of intervertebral disks and the growth of spurs on the vertebrae themselves. Treatment includes rest, the application…

osteoarthritis, disorder of the joints characterized by progressive deterioration of the articular cartilage or of the entire joint, including the articular cartilage, the synovium (joint lining), the ligaments, and the subchondral bone (bone beneath the cartilage). Osteoarthritis is the most

osteoblast, large cell responsible for the synthesis and mineralization of bone during both initial bone formation and later bone remodeling. Osteoblasts form a closely packed sheet on the surface of the bone, from which cellular processes extend through the developing bone. They arise from the

Osborn’s dwarf crocodile, (Osteolaemus osborni), small crocodile species that inhabits the tropical forests and wetlands of Africa’s Congo River basin. The geographic range of Osborn’s dwarf crocodile extends from southeastern Cameroon and southwestern Central African Republic southward to the

joint disease: Aseptic necrosis: Osteochondritis dissecans is a similar disorder in which a piece of joint cartilage and of underlying bone breaks off and lodges in the joint cavity. Usually the person affected can remember having injured the joint. The knee is the most frequent site. The condition usually…

osteochondroma, solitary benign tumour that consists partly of cartilage and partly of bone. Osteochondromas are common and may develop spontaneously following trauma or may have a hereditary basis. No treatment is required unless the tumour interferes with function, in which case it should be

osteochondroma: Osteochondromatosis (also called hereditary multiple exostosis or diaphyseal aclasis) is a relatively common disorder of skeletal development in children in which bony protrusions develop on the long bones, ribs, and vertebrae. If severe, the lesions may halt bone growth, and dwarfing will result. Pressure on…

osteochondrosis, relatively common temporary orthopedic disorder of children in which the epiphysis (growing end) of a bone dies and then is gradually replaced over a period of years. The immediate cause of bone death is loss of blood supply, but why the latter occurs is unclear. The most common

osteoclast, large multinucleated cell responsible for the dissolution and absorption of bone. Bone is a dynamic tissue that is continuously being broken down and restructured in response to such influences as structural stress and the body’s requirement for calcium. The osteoclasts are the

osteoclastoma, bone tumour found predominantly at the end of long bones in the knee region, but also occurring in the wrist, arm, and pelvis. The large multinucleated cells (giant cells) found in these tumours resemble osteoclasts, for which the tumour is named. Usually seen in female adults

osteocyte, a cell that lies within the substance of fully formed bone. It occupies a small chamber called a lacuna, which is contained in the calcified matrix of bone. Osteocytes derive from osteoblasts, or bone-forming cells, and are essentially osteoblasts surrounded by the products they

Osteodontokeratic tool industry, assemblage of fossilized animal bones found at Taung by Raymond Arthur Dart about 200 miles (320 km) from Johannesburg, S.Af., where the first specimen of Australopithecus africanus was found, and at Makapansgat, where other specimens of A. africanus were found.

osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), rare hereditary disease of connective tissue characterized by brittle bones that fracture easily. OI arises from a genetic defect that causes abnormal or reduced production of the protein collagen, a major component of connective tissue. There are four types of OI,

osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), rare hereditary disease of connective tissue characterized by brittle bones that fracture easily. OI arises from a genetic defect that causes abnormal or reduced production of the protein collagen, a major component of connective tissue. There are four types of OI,

osteosarcoma, most common bone cancer, primarily affecting the long bones, particularly those in the knee, hip, or shoulder regions. The cause of osteosarcoma is unknown, but genetic factors and radiation therapy may be involved in its development. Osteosarcoma occurs more often in males than in

bony tongue, any of several heavy-bodied tropical river fishes, family Osteoglossidae, covered with large, hard, mosaic-like scales except on the head. The largest member of the family, the arapaima, paiche, or pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) of South America, may be about 2.4 metres (8 feet) long and

fish: Annotated classification: Osteoglossomorpha Order Osteoglossiformes (bonytongues, freshwater butterfly fishes, mooneyes, knife fishes, mormyrs) A diverse group of freshwater fishes with a relatively primitive jaw suspension and shoulder girdle. The primary bite of the mouth between parasphenoid and tongue (basihyal and glossohyal); paired rods present,

osteoglossomorph: Annotated classification: Suborder Osteoglossoidei Swim bladder not connected with skull; semicircular canals and lower part of inner ear connected; electric organs absent. Family Osteoglossidae (bonytongues and arapaimas) Fishes of diverse body form; pectoral fins not greatly enlarged, pelvic fins abdominal in position. 6 genera, about 8

osteoglossomorph, (superorder Osteoglossomorpha), any member of what is widely believed to be the most primitive group of bony fishes. This reputation stems from their rudimentary caudal skeleton and the lack of a set of intermuscular bones throughout the abdominal and anterior caudal regions of

osteoglossomorph, (superorder Osteoglossomorpha), any member of what is widely believed to be the most primitive group of bony fishes. This reputation stems from their rudimentary caudal skeleton and the lack of a set of intermuscular bones throughout the abdominal and anterior caudal regions of

arawana, (species Osteoglossum bicirrhosum), freshwater fish of tropical South America in the family Osteoglossidae (order Osteoglossiformes). Arawanas seldom reach lengths of more than 60 cm (2 feet) but are regarded as superb sports fish and highly edible. In appearance they have large scales and

Pierre-Joseph van Beneden: …the Belgian anatomist Paul Gervais, Ostéographie des Cétacés, vivants et fossiles (1868–80; “The Osteology of Cetaceans, Living and Fossil”).

bone formation: … secrete a matrix material called osteoid, a gelatinous substance made up of collagen, a fibrous protein, and mucopolysaccharide, an organic glue. Soon after the osteoid is laid down, inorganic salts are deposited in it to form the hardened material recognized as mineralized bone. The cartilage cells die out and are…

hamartoma: Bony tumours such as osteoid osteoma, an overgrowth of bone and immature bone tissue (osteoid), may cause pain and resorption of bone during growth. Hemangiomas, which are hamartomas composed of vascular tissue, may appear quite large at birth but are usually left untreated unless they threaten facial structures. Attempts…

Osborn’s dwarf crocodile, (Osteolaemus osborni), small crocodile species that inhabits the tropical forests and wetlands of Africa’s Congo River basin. The geographic range of Osborn’s dwarf crocodile extends from southeastern Cameroon and southwestern Central African Republic southward to the

dwarf crocodile, (Osteolaemus tetraspis), the world’s smallest living crocodile species, growing to a maximum length of 1.8 meters (5.9 feet) and a maximum weight of 45.4 kg (100 pounds). The species inhabits swamps and small freshwater streams in sub-Saharan western and central Africa, from Guinea

Osborn’s dwarf crocodile, (Osteolaemus osborni), small crocodile species that inhabits the tropical forests and wetlands of Africa’s Congo River basin. The geographic range of Osborn’s dwarf crocodile extends from southeastern Cameroon and southwestern Central African Republic southward to the

Osteolepis, extinct genus of lobe-finned fishes from the Late Devonian; Osteolepiformes is a variation of this name that was given to a group of vertebrates that contained the closest relatives of the tetrapods. Osteolepis survived into later Devonian time. (The Devonian Period lasted from 416

Volcher Coiter: …established the study of comparative osteology and first described cerebrospinal meningitis. Through a grant from Groningen, he studied in Italy and France and was a pupil of Fallopius, Eustachius, Arantius, and Rondelet. He became city physician of Nürnberg (1569) and later entered military service as field surgeon to Johann Casimir,…

osteoma, small, often solitary bone tumour found mainly on bones of the skull. Osteomas usually appear in late childhood or young adulthood; they are often asymptomatic. They do not become malignant, and treatment (by excision) is necessary only if the tumour interferes with normal

osteomalacia, condition in which the bones of an adult progressively soften because of inadequate mineralization of the bone. In children the condition is called rickets. Osteomalacia may occur after several pregnancies or in old age, resulting in increased susceptibility to fractures. Symptoms

osteomyelitis, infection of bone tissue. The condition is most commonly caused by the infectious organism Staphylococcus aureus, which reaches the bone via the bloodstream or by extension from a local injury; inflammation follows with destruction of the cancellous (porous) bone and bone marrow,

osteon, the chief structural unit of compact (cortical) bone, consisting of concentric bone layers called lamellae, which surround a long hollow passageway, the Haversian canal (named for Clopton Havers, a 17th-century English physician). The Haversian canal contains small blood vessels responsible

osteonecrosis, death of bone tissue that may result from infection, as in osteomyelitis, or deprivation of blood supply, as in fracture, dislocation, Caisson disease (decompression sickness), or radiation sickness. In all cases, blood circulation in the affected area ceases, bone cells die, and the

avascular necrosis: Other risk factors: …disease, and the second is osteonecrosis occurring in children, which is associated with a slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

osteopathy, health care profession that emphasizes the relationship between the musculoskeletal structure and organ function. Osteopathic physicians develop skill in recognizing and correcting structural problems through manipulative therapy and other treatments. Osteopathic medicine began in the

osteopathy, health care profession that emphasizes the relationship between the musculoskeletal structure and organ function. Osteopathic physicians develop skill in recognizing and correcting structural problems through manipulative therapy and other treatments. Osteopathic medicine began in the

bone disease: Metabolic bone disease: …the conditions are termed, respectively, osteopenia and osteosclerosis. These terms do not imply any specific disease but simply describe the amount of bone present.

marble bone disease, rare disorder in which the bones become extremely dense, hard, and brittle. The disease progresses as long as bone growth continues; the marrow cavities become filled with compact bone. Because increased bone mass crowds the bone marrow, resulting in a reduced amount of marrow