David Lloyd George: Social reform and the outbreak of war: This he did in the National Insurance Act of 1911. The measure inspired bitter opposition and was even unpopular with the working class, who were not convinced by Lloyd George’s slogan “ninepence for fourpence,” the difference in these two figures being the employer’s and the state’s contribution. Lloyd George, undeterred,…

United Kingdom: Cash benefits: …from contributions goes into the National Insurance Fund.

intelligence: Levels of intelligence: …is conducted on three levels: strategic (sometimes called national), tactical, and counterintelligence. The broadest of these levels is strategic intelligence, which includes information about the capabilities and intentions of foreign countries. Tactical intelligence, sometimes called operational or combat intelligence, is information required by military field commanders. Because of the enormous…

Iran: Nuclear program and sanctions: A National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) report issued by the U.S. intelligence community in December 2007 indicated with high confidence that Iran had halted its nuclear weapons program in 2003 and assessed with moderate confidence that work had not resumed by mid-2007. However, in February 2008 the…

intelligence: South Korea: The agency, renamed the National Intelligence Service in 1999, collects and coordinates national security intelligence. The Defense Security Command of the Ministry of National Defense and the National Intelligence Service are responsible for the collection of national security intelligence, particularly with regard to the threat from North Korea. The…

director of national intelligence (DNI), head of the U.S. Intelligence Community (IC), a collection of 18 military and civilian intelligence agencies. With the support of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), the DNI runs the National Intelligence Program, serves in the

rodeo: Origins and history: …participation of athletes from the National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association (NIRA), founded in 1948, and as a result of the annual National Finals Rodeo (NFR), which was established in 1959 and became the richest and most prestigious rodeo in the world. At the turn of the 21st century, some 600 PRCA-sanctioned…

public investment: …deemed to be of vital national interest. Public investment has tended to increase as a consequence of industrialization and corresponding demands for new infrastructure to facilitate the growth of urban communities. At the turn of the 21st century, the privatization of state industries and the accompanying deregulation of markets led…

National Intergroup, Inc. (NII), American holding company established in 1983 to facilitate the diversification of National Steel Corporation. Formerly headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pa., NII moved to Dallas, Texas, in 1991, and National Steel moved to Mishawaka, Ind., in 1992. The steel company was

multiplier: …of a change in total national investment on the amount of total national income. It equals the ratio of the change in total income to the change in investment.

National Invitation Tournament (NIT), collegiate basketball competition initiated in the United States in 1938 by New York City basketball writers and held annually since then in Madison Square Garden under the auspices of the Metropolitan Intercollegiate Basketball Association (MIBA). It is a

Iran: Mining: The government-operated National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) produces petroleum for export and domestic consumption. Petroleum is moved by pipeline to the terminal of Khārk (Kharq) Island in the Persian Gulf and from there is shipped by tanker throughout the world. Iran’s main refining facility at Ābādān was…

Sudan: The rise of Muslim fundamentalism: …of the party, renamed the Islamic National Front (NIF). Turābī methodically charted the Brotherhood and the NIF on a course of action designed to seize control of the Sudanese government despite the Muslim fundamentalists’ lack of popularity with the majority of the Sudanese people. Tightly disciplined, superbly organized, and inspired…

Peronist, in Argentine politics, a supporter of Juan Perón, a member of the Justicialist Party (Partido Justicialista; PJ), or an adherent of the populist and nationalistic policies that Perón espoused. Peronism has played an important part in Argentina’s history since the mid-1940s. The Peronist

National Labor Union (NLU), in U.S. history, a political-action movement that from 1866 to 1873 sought to improve working conditions through legislative reform rather than through collective bargaining. The NLU began in 1866 with a convention in Baltimore, Md., called to organize skilled and

Wagner Act, the most important piece of labour legislation enacted in the United States in the 20th century. Its main purpose was to establish the legal right of most workers (notably excepting agricultural and domestic workers) to organize or join labour unions and to bargain collectively with

National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), independent federal agency created by the U.S. Congress in 1935 to administer the National Labor Relations Act (also called the Wagner Act). The act was amended in 1947 through the Taft-Hartley Act and in 1959 through the Landrum-Griffin Act. The primary

North Chicago: …Court ruling in 1939 (National Labor Relations Board v. Fansteel Metallurgical Corporation) declaring sit-down strikes illegal. Today the city is a centre of pharmaceutical research and production; candy is also produced. North Chicago is the site of Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science and the Great Lakes Naval…

Charles Evans Hughes: Chief justice: …Hughes delivered the opinion in National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation, which sustained the right of collective bargaining under the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (the Wagner Act), and a few weeks later the court upheld various provisions of the Social Security Act. It was…

National Labor Relations Board v. Noel Canning, legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court on June 26, 2014, ruled unanimously (9–0) that President Barack Obama’s appointments of three commissioners to the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) in January 2012 were invalid under the recess

National Labor Relations Board v. Yeshiva University, legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled (5–4), on February 20, 1980, that faculty members of a private university were de facto managerial employees and therefore were not entitled to the protections afforded to regular employees by the

National Labor Union (NLU), in U.S. history, a political-action movement that from 1866 to 1873 sought to improve working conditions through legislative reform rather than through collective bargaining. The NLU began in 1866 with a convention in Baltimore, Md., called to organize skilled and

particle accelerator: Electron storage rings: …the KEK-B facility at the National Laboratory for High Energy Physics (KEK) in Tsukuba, electrons and positrons are stored at different energies so that they have different values of momentum. When they annihilate, the net momentum is not zero, as it is with particles of equal and opposite momentum, so…

National Lampoon, American adult-oriented humor magazine published between 1970 and 1998, notable for its spot-on parodies as well as its influence on popular culture. National Lampoon was established by Harvard University graduates Henry Beard, Robert Hoffman, and Doug Kenney, all of whom had

Christopher Guest: Acting career: …also began contributing to the The National Lampoon Radio Hour as a writer and performer.

National Lampoon’s Animal House, 1978 comedy film about a rebellious fraternity’s antics on a college campus in the 1960s. The movie was a box-office success and has become a cult classic. It influenced several other films premised on young people challenging authority, such as Porky’s and Police

Chevy Chase: Hit movies: Caddyshack, Fletch, and National Lampoon’s Vacation: …appeared in Fletch Lives and National Lampoon’s Christmas Vacation. The latter comedy became a holiday staple. Chase’s popularity during this time led him to host the Academy Awards ceremony in 1987 (with Goldie Hawn and Paul Hogan) and 1988.

Chevy Chase: Hit movies: Caddyshack, Fletch, and National Lampoon’s Vacation: …other credits in 1985 include National Lampoon’s European Vacation and Spies like Us, a comedy with Dan Aykroyd. In 1986 Chase starred with Steve Martin and Martin Short in Three Amigos!, a western about a trio of actors who are mistaken for bandits. That year Chase also appeared in Paul…

Arthur Hiller: Later films: Hiller’s last film was National Lampoon’s Pucked (2006), a lacklustre comedy featuring pop star Jon Bon Jovi as a dim-witted lawyer.

National Lampoon: Movies and television: …include Class Reunion (1982) and National Lampoon’s Vacation (1983), both of which were written by John Hughes. National Lampoon’s Vacation, starring Chase, Beverly D’Angelo, and Imogene Coca, was based on Hughes’s short story “Vacation ’58,” which appeared in the September 1979 issue of National Lampoon. The film inspired four sequels.…

France: Sale of national lands: …designated as biens nationaux, or national lands. The government then issued large-denomination notes called assignats, underwritten and guaranteed by the value of that land. It intended to sell national lands to the public, which would pay for it in assignats that would then be retired. Thus, church property would in…

Carlos Lehder: …a short-lived political party, the National Latin Movement, that was described as fascist-populist but that also sought the abrogation of the 1979 extradition treaty between Colombia and the United States. He reportedly fell from favour with Pablo Escobar, the head of the Medellín cartel. On February 4, 1987, acting on…

Poland: Accommodation with the ruling governments: …Democratic movement originated with a Polish League organized in Switzerland; by 1893 the organization had transformed into the clandestine National League, based in Warsaw. It stressed its all-Polish character, rejected loyalism, and promoted national resistance, even uprisings, when opportune. Its nationalist ideology tinged with populism gradually evolved into “integral” nationalism,…

National League (NL), oldest existing major-league professional baseball organization in the United States. The league began play in 1876 as the National League of Professional Baseball Clubs, replacing the failed National Association of Professional Base Ball Players. The league’s supremacy was

2021 Myanmar coup d’état: Background: …dissident Aung San Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy (NLD) party, which had vastly outperformed the USDP. As a constitutional provision prohibited Aung San Suu Kyi from serving as president, a different NLD member succeeded Thein Sein. But Aung San Suu Kyi was soon named to the newly created and…

Mary Adelaide Nutting: …for Nursing Education; now the National League for Nursing) and twice served as president.

Mary Adelaide Nutting: …for Nursing Education; now the National League for Nursing) and twice served as president.

National Association of Colored Women’s Clubs (NACWC), American organization founded as the National Association of Colored Women (NACW) in Washington, D.C., as the product of the merger in 1896 of the National Federation of Afro-American Women and the National League of Colored Women—organizations

National League (NL), oldest existing major-league professional baseball organization in the United States. The league began play in 1876 as the National League of Professional Baseball Clubs, replacing the failed National Association of Professional Base Ball Players. The league’s supremacy was

South Sudan: Constitutional history: …power was bicameral, comprising the National Legislative Assembly (NLA) and the Council of States. Upon independence, the NLA body consisted of members of the previous regional legislative body, the South Sudan Legislative Assembly, and South Sudanese who had seats in Sudan’s National Assembly. The majority of NLA members were directly…

British Library: In 1962 the National Lending Library for Science and Technology was established at Boston Spa, Yorkshire. The Newspaper Library became part of the British Library in 1973. In 2013 the Colindale library was closed, and its holdings were relocated to a new state-of-the-art storage facility at Boston Spa.…

National LGBTQ Task Force, American nongovernmental organization founded in 1973 that advocates for the civil rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals. It was the first such national-level nonprofit organization, and it mobilizes state-level training of LGBTQ

William Ewart Gladstone: Irish Home Rule: …190 strong, supported by the National Liberal Federation, the most powerful political machine in the country. He devoted the next six years to an effort to convince the British electorate that to grant Home Rule to the Irish nation would be an act of justice and wisdom. He spoke at…

National Liberal Party, political party that was active first in Prussia and the North German Confederation from 1867, then in Germany in 1871–1918. With largely middle-class support, the National Liberals hoped to make the government under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck less autocratic. Originally a

Denmark: The Schleswig-Holstein question: …German Confederation, the emerging Danish National Liberal movement called for Schleswig to be incorporated into Denmark. This demand came to be called the Eider Program, named for the Eider River, which formed the southern boundary of Schleswig.

Estonia: Estonian national awakening: >National Liberal Party and organized its first congress in Tallinn on November 27. The 800 delegates soon split into a Liberal and a Radical wing, but both voted for resolutions demanding political autonomy for Estonia. In December Päts summoned a peasant congress in Tallinn. The…

Colombia: La Violencia, dictatorship, and democratic restoration: The first was the National Liberation Army (Ejército de Liberación Nacional; ELN), which was created by a group of Colombian students who had studied in Cuba. Founded in 1964, the ELN followed strategies espoused by Che Guevara. Another guerrilla group, which followed two years later, was the Colombian Revolutionary…

National Liberation Front: …Algerian war for independence, the National Liberation Army (Armée de Libération Nationale [ALN]), under the command of Col. Houari Boumedienne, acted as the military arm of the FLN. From camps stationed behind Tunisian and Moroccan borders, the ALN’s external contingent provided logistical support and weaponry to ALN forces within the…

Iran: Foreign affairs since 1989: continuing tension abroad: One remaining exception was the National Liberation Army of Iran, a leftist Islamic group based in Iraq that was set up by the Mojāhedīn-e Khalq. But change was evident even in this organization; its officer corps had become mostly female, including many educated Iranians from Europe and the United States.

Dilma Rousseff: Early life and political career: …associated with the militant group National Liberation Command (Comando de Libertação Nacional; Colina), and she married fellow activist Cláudio Galeno Linhares in 1968. After a raid on a Colina safe house resulted in police fatalities, the pair went into hiding in Rio de Janeiro. She and Galeno later fled Rio…

World War II: Allied policy and strategy: Octagon (Quebec II) and Moscow, 1944: …at Lublin, a Committee of National Liberation independent of the London Poles. In Romania, despite the government’s change of side in August, the Soviets proceeded to disband the Romanian Army; and early in September they declared war on Bulgaria, invaded that country, and sponsored a Communist revolution there.

Pierre Nkurunziza: Presidency: …also made overtures to the National Liberation Forces (Forces National de la Libération; FLN), the last Hutu rebel group remaining outside the peace process. His first attempt to renew the peace talks was rejected by the FLN in September 2005, but he brokered a tentative cease-fire with the group during…

Aden: …Yemen (FLOSY) and the Marxist-oriented National Liberation Front (NLF), for eventual control of the country. It was as a part of the NLF-ruled People’s Republic of Southern Yemen that Aden achieved its independence on November 30, 1967, and became the national capital in 1968 of what was known as South…

National Liberation Front, title used by nationalist, usually socialist, movements in various countries since World War II. In Greece, the National Liberation Front–National Popular Liberation Army was a communist-sponsored resistance group that operated in occupied Greece during the war. In

National Liberation Front, the only constitutionally legal party in Algeria from 1962 to 1989. The party was a continuation of the revolutionary body that directed the Algerian war of independence against France (1954–62). The FLN was created by the Revolutionary Committee of Unity and Action

National Liberation Front (NLF), Vietnamese political organization formed on December 20, 1960, to effect the overthrow of the South Vietnamese government and the reunification of North and South Vietnam. An overtly communist party was established in 1962 as a central component of the NLF, but both

EAM-ELAS, communist-sponsored resistance organization (formed September 1941) and its military wing (formed December 1942), which operated in occupied Greece during World War II. Fighting against the Germans and the Italians as well as against other guerrilla bands, particularly EDES, EAM-ELAS

war: Socialist analyses: …proved more powerful than socialism: “national liberation” movements appeared and had to be forcibly subdued in the Soviet Union, despite its communist regime. Also, war between socialist states was not unthinkable, as the doctrine indicated: only the colossal preponderance of Soviet forces prevented a full-scale war in 1956 against Hungary…

Óscar Arias Sánchez: …began working for the social-democratic National Liberation Party (Partido Liberación Nacional; PLN), and in 1972 he was appointed minister of planning in the government of Pres. José Figueres Ferrer, a post he held until 1977. He was elected secretary-general of the PLN in 1979, and in 1986 he won the…

Italy: The partisans and the Resistance: …normally worked together in local Committees of National Liberation (CLNs), which coordinated strategy, cooperated with the Allies, administered liberated areas, and appointed new officials. Above all, they organized the uprisings in the northern and central cities, including Milan in April 1945, which fell to the partisans before Allied troops arrived.…

library: National libraries: For a table of selected national libraries of the world, see below. In most countries there is a national or state library or a group of libraries maintained by national resources, usually bearing responsibility for publishing a national bibliography and for maintaining a…

Canberra: …Stromlo Observatory (established 1924), the National Library of Australia (1968), the High Court of Australia (1981), the Australian National Gallery (1982), the Church of St. John the Baptist (1845), the Australian National War Memorial (1941), and Parliament House (1988). Old Parliament House, where the national legislature met between 1927 and…

Beijing: Museums and libraries: …holds the collections of the National Library of China, is located in the southern Haidian district, just west of the zoo. The library inherited books and archives from the renowned Imperial Wenyuange library collection of the Qing dynasty that has existed for more than 500 years and that, in turn,…

library: Other national collections: The National Library of India (formerly the Imperial Library) in Calcutta was founded in 1903. It is the largest library in India and holds a fine collection of rare books and manuscripts. In some countries, such as Iceland and Israel, the national library is combined with…

National Institutes of Health: …institutes, the NIH maintains the National Library of Medicine, which is the foremost source of medical information in the United States. The NIH also maintains several general research centres and the Division of Computer Research and Technology, which uses computer technologies to support health research programs nationwide.

Tajikistan: Cultural institutions: The Tajik National Library, constructed to look like an open book, demonstrates the pride Tajiks place in their literary heritage. Housing about six million items and providing about 484,000 square feet (45,000 square metres) of space, it is the largest library in Central Asia. It overlooks…

Wales: Cultural institutions: The National Library of Wales (1907) at Aberystwyth, like the British Library, receives copies of virtually all books published in the United Kingdom. It is also the main Welsh reference library and a repository of documents and manuscripts relating to Wales from the earliest times. The…

Lutheran Council in the United States of America (LCUSA), cooperative agency for four Lutheran churches whose membership included about 95 percent of all Lutherans in the U.S., established Jan. 1, 1967, as a successor to the National Lutheran Council (NLC). The member churches were the Lutheran

National Mall, in Washington, D.C., broad promenade and greensward extending westward from the Capitol to the Potomac River beyond the Lincoln Memorial. The National Mall is as wide (in the north–south dimension) as the grounds of the Capitol; it is bounded on the north by Constitution Avenue and

National Mall, in Washington, D.C., broad promenade and greensward extending westward from the Capitol to the Potomac River beyond the Lincoln Memorial. The National Mall is as wide (in the north–south dimension) as the grounds of the Capitol; it is bounded on the north by Constitution Avenue and

Venice: The Old Library: The Campanile stands close to the 21 bays of the Old Library (1529, also called the National Marcian Library or the Library of St. Mark), on the western side of the piazzetta. The library was designed by Sansovino to house a great collection…

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: …disseminating global environmental data The National Marine Fisheries Service, for managing and conserving the coastal fisheries within the 200-mile (320-km) exclusive economic zone of the United States The National Ocean Service, for activities related to the health and productivity of the oceans and coasts bordering the United States The National…

National Maritime Museum, national museum concerned with the maritime history of Great Britain. It is situated near the River Thames in Greenwich Park, Greenwich, southeast London. With the Queen’s House, the Royal Observatory, and Cutty Sark, the National Maritime Museum forms the Royal Museums

National Endowment for the Arts: …manages the awarding of the National Medal of Arts. This medal is presented by the president of the United States to any living citizen or group of citizens or organization that is “deserving of special recognition by reason of their outstanding contributions to the excellence, growth, support and availability of…

National Science Foundation: …also responsible for administering the National Medal of Science, presented by the president of the United States. Winners of the medal are listed in the table.

Suriname: Suriname since independence: The National Military Council (Nationale Militaire Raad; NMR), installed after the coup, called on the moderate wing of the PNR to form a cabinet composed mostly of civilians. After the new cabinet proclaimed that Suriname would return to democracy in two years, the Dutch government agreed…

20th-century international relations: The economic battle with Communism: The National Military Establishment Act of 1947 (in the works since the war) created a permanent Joint Chiefs of Staff, a single secretary of defense, the U.S. Air Force as a separate service with its nuclear-armed Strategic Air Command, and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Kennan…

Irgun Zvai Leumi, Jewish right-wing underground movement in Palestine, founded in 1931. At first supported by many nonsocialist Zionist parties, in opposition to the Haganah, it became in 1936 an instrument of the Revisionist Party, an extreme nationalist group that had seceded from the World

Joseph Goebbels: A National Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda was created for him, and he became president of the newly formed “Chamber of Culture.” In this capacity he controlled, besides propaganda as such, the press, radio, theater, films, literature, music, and the fine arts. In May 1933…

Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty: With this in mind, a National Missile Defense (NMD) system was proposed in the United States. Although it would involve no more than 100 interceptors, it was a system designed to provide nationwide defense and so would be inconsistent with the ABM treaty. For this reason, Russia publicly opposed the…

A.J. Muste: …later became known as the National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam (MOBE). Muste was chairman of MOBE until his death.

national monument, in the United States, any of numerous areas reserved by act of Congress or presidential proclamation for the protection of objects or places of historical, prehistoric, or scientific interest. They include natural physical features, remains of Indian cultures, and places of

Spain: Franco’s Spain, 1939–75: …Falange lost power in the National Movement, the sole legal political organization; its attempts to create a Falangist one-party state were defeated in 1956, though tensions between the Falange and the conservative elements persisted.

Simeon Saxecoburggotski: …announced the formation of the National Movement for Simeon II, an organization that set out to field candidates in the national legislative elections scheduled in June. When the courts ruled that the party had not met all of the requirements for registration, it joined two minor parties’ coalition and was…

Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM), Islamist militant group, founded in Pakistan in 2000 by Masood Azhar, primarily known for its armed insurgency against Indian troops in the Kashmir region. The group is designated as a terrorist organization by the United Nations and several countries, including India, the

United States: Urban reforms: The National Municipal League, organized in 1894, united various city reform groups throughout the country; corrupt local governments were overthrown in such cities as New York in 1894, Baltimore in 1895, and Chicago in 1896–97. And so it went all over the country well into the…

Colombia: Cultural institutions: The National Museum displays treasures and relics dating from prehistoric times to the present and possesses various collections of Colombian painting and sculpture. The July 20 Museum contains documents from the period of independence.

museum: Administration: A number of the national museums in Paris operate under a semiautonomous administrative council, with an executive chairman who has a dual responsibility for policy and executive matters. In addition, there are a number of national museums located outside Paris, and some technical control over the country’s municipal museums…

Damascus: Cultural life: The National Museum, established in 1936, boasts an extraordinary collection of artifacts from across the country, representing six millennia of civilization. A military museum occupies the cells of the 16th-century Ottoman takiyyah (monastic complex) of Süleyman I. The small yet impressive Museum of Arabic Calligraphy is…

National Museum, museum in Lima, Peru, that contained artifacts offering an overview of pre-Hispanic human history in Peru. It constituted an archaeological record spanning the period from 14,000 bce to 1532 ce. The museum closed in the 2010s, and its collection (along with that of the Museo

Italy: Museums and galleries: The permanent collection in the National Museum in Taranto provides one of the most important insights into the history of Magna Graecia, while the archaeological collections in the Roman National Museum in Rome and in the National Archaeological Museum in Naples are considered among the best in the world. The…

museum: New museums and collections: …also a feature of the National Museum in Niamey, Niger, and products of these workshops are exported to Europe and North America.

National Museum, museum in New Delhi devoted to Indian art and archaeology. The museum is spread across three floors and houses more than 20 galleries. Its extensive collection includes artifacts from the Indus civilization, ancient Indian coins and manuscripts, Buddhist art, sculptures, miniature

museum: The spread of the European model: …South America a number of national museums originated in the early 19th century: the Argentine Museum of Natural Sciences in Buenos Aires was founded in 1812, and Brazil’s National Museum in Rio de Janeiro, which owes its origin to a selection of paintings presented by John VI, exiled king of…

Tokyo National Museum, the first and foremost art museum in Japan, located in Ueno Park, Tokyo. (Read Sister Wendy’s Britannica essay on art appreciation.) The original collection, formed in 1871 and initially housed in temporary residences, was a mixture of artistic, historical, scientific,

National Museum of Afghanistan, national museum in Darulaman, outside of Kabul, Afghanistan, displaying art and artifacts related to the country’s history and heritage. Founded in 1919 and first housed in Bagh-i-Bala palace in Kabul, the museum moved to its current location in 1931. It houses a

National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC), museum of the Smithsonian Institution located on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., that presents the history, art, and culture of African American people from slavery to the present day. It was established by an act of Congress

National Museum of African Art, American museum of African art, part of the Smithsonian Institution, located on the Mall in Washington, D.C. In 1964 former American foreign service officer Warren M. Robbins established a privately run museum of African art at the Frederick Douglass House (now the

Smithsonian American Art Museum (SAAM), the first federal art collection of the United States, now the world’s largest collection of American art. The Washington, D.C., museum showcases more than 40,000 works of art, representing 7,000 American artists. Featured permanent collections include

Washington, D.C.: Museums and galleries: These are the National Museum of Natural History (1910), the Freer Gallery of Art (1923), the National Gallery of Art (1941 and 1978; housed in two buildings), the National Museum of American History (1964), the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden (1974), the National Air and Space Museum (1976),…