Marianus Scotus: …confused with another Irish monk, Marianus Scotus, abbot of St. Peter’s, Regensburg (d. 1088).

Marías Islands, archipelago in the Pacific Ocean, off the coast of west-central Mexico. Lying approximately 100 miles (160 km) northwest of Cape Corrientes and about 230 miles (370 km) southeast of the tip of Baja California, the islands are administered by the state of Nayarit, Mexico. They

Lewis Range: Marias Pass (5,216 feet [1,590 m]) is crossed by rail and highway. Tourism is promoted in the park area, but development in the southern portions of the range is restricted by their inaccessibility.

Marias River, river in Glacier county, northwestern Montana, U.S. It is formed by the confluence of Cut Bank, Dupuyer, and Birch creeks and Two Medicine River and flows generally southeastward. The river is impounded by the Tiber Dam to form Lake Elwell, a reservoir used for irrigation and

Matthias Grünewald: …paint an altar for the Mariaschnee Chapel in the Church of Saints Peter and Alexander in Aschaffenburg. The artist painted this work in the years 1517–19. Grünewald apparently married about 1519, but the marriage does not appear to have brought him much happiness (at least, that is the tradition recorded…

instrumentals: …symphonically inspired songs such as Paul Mariat’s “Love in Blue” (1967) and Mason Williams’s “Classical Gas” (1968) also were hits. In general, however, the heyday of instrumental rock ended in the early 1960s as the British Invasion bands shifted the focus back to vocalists.

José Carlos Mariátegui was a political leader and essayist who was the first Peruvian intellectual to apply the Marxist model of historical materialism to Peruvian problems. The Leguía dictatorship in Peru (1919–30) sought to rid itself of one of its most ardent critics by sending the hitherto

Mariazell, town, east-central Austria, in the Salza River valley amid the north Styrian Alps north of Kapfenberg. Founded in 1157 by the monks of St. Lambrecht’s Abbey, it is the most famous pilgrimage place in Austria. In the Gnaden Church (rebuilt 1644–83) is a 12th-century limewood statue of the

Maʾrib, town and historic site, north-central Yemen. It is famous as the location of the ancient fortified city of Maʾrib and its associated dam, principal centre of the pre-Islamic state of Sabaʾ (950–115 bce). Sabaean civilization reached its peak with the transfer of power from the mukarribs

history of publishing: South America: The weekly rotogravure Maribel (1932–56) long had the highest periodical circulation in that country, closely followed by that of the women’s weekly Para ti (founded 1922). Mexico’s leading magazine in the early 1980s was the weekly Selecciones del Reader’s Digest; others included the weeklies El Libro Semanal (1954)…

Maribo, city, central Lolland island, Denmark, on Maribo Lake. The city (chartered 1416) grew up around an early 15th-century Bridgettine convent, the chapel of which survives as the cathedral of the Lolland-Falster diocese. The Diocesan Museum displays prehistoric and medieval artifacts and a

Maribor, city, northeastern Slovenia, on the Drava River near the Austrian border. Slovenia’s second largest city, Maribor lies between the Pohorje mountains and the hills of Slovenske Gorice. A settlement existed in Roman times, but the present city grew from the mid-12th century around Marburg

Maribor: The University of Maribor was founded in 1975. Pop. (2011) 95,171; (2017 est.) 94,876.

Mileva Marić-Einstein was widely regarded as a talented mathematician and physicist. She was the first wife of Nobel Prize-winning physicist Albert Einstein. The question of whether she made significant contributions to Einstein’s work has been a subject of much debate, ultimately complicating her

Maritsa River, river in Bulgaria, rising in the Rila Mountains southeast of Sofia on the north face of Musala Peak. It flows east and southeast across Bulgaria for 170 miles (275 km), forms the Bulgaria–Greece frontier for a distance of 10 miles (16 km), and then becomes the Greece–Turkey frontier

Juan Marichal is a Dominican professional baseball player, the first Latin American to pitch a no-hitter (on June 15, 1963) in the major leagues. (See also Sidebar: Latin Americans in Major League Baseball.) Marichal began playing baseball when he was six years old and soon after decided he would

Juan Marichal is a Dominican professional baseball player, the first Latin American to pitch a no-hitter (on June 15, 1963) in the major leagues. (See also Sidebar: Latin Americans in Major League Baseball.) Marichal began playing baseball when he was six years old and soon after decided he would

Marīcī, in Mahāyāna Buddhist mythology, the goddess of the dawn. Marīcī (Sanskrit: “Ray of Light”) is usually shown riding on seven pigs and with three heads, one of which is that of a sow. In Tibet she is invoked at sunrise and, though not as popular a goddess as Tārā, has many shrines dedicated

Marico River, main headstream (with the Krokodil [Crocodile] River) of the Limpopo River, in northeastern South Africa. It flows generally north through the Marico Valley and is about 130 miles (210 km) long. The regional centre of Zeerust is situated along its

Yuman: …and Cocopa, together with the Maricopa in the middle Gila; and the upland Yumans, who inhabited what is now western Arizona south of the Grand Canyon and whose major groups included the Hualapai (Walapai), Havasupai, and Yavapai. Two other groups of Yuman-speaking people, the Diegueño and the Kamia (now known…

Peter Peregrinus of Maricourt was a French crusader and scholar who wrote the first extant treatise describing the properties of magnets. Almost nothing is known about Peregrinus’ life, except that he wrote his famous treatise while serving as an engineer in the army of Charles I of Anjou that was

aquaculture, the propagation and husbandry of aquatic plants, animals, and other organisms for commercial, recreational, and scientific purposes. Aquaculture is an approximate aquatic equivalent to agriculture—that is, the rearing of certain marine and freshwater organisms to supplement the natural

ifrit: …in later literature from the mārid, another wicked and rebellious demon.

André Le Chapelain: …chaplain at the court of Marie, Countess of Champagne, daughter of Eleanor of Aquitaine. At Marie’s request André wrote the Liber. It was translated into French twice during the 13th century; Guillaume de Lorris drew upon it for the Roman de la rose. The Liber codifies the whole doctrine of…

Sissy Spacek: Other film and TV credits and honors: Spacek starred in Marie (1985), a true-life political drama, and in Fisk’s romance Violets Are Blue… (1986), as well as the play adaptation ’Night, Mother (1986). She was nominated for a fifth Oscar and won a Golden Globe Award for her role in Beth Henley’s adaptation of her…

Luxembourg: Independent Luxembourg: …William’s daughter, the grand duchess Marie Adélaïde, was more assertive and eventually became highly unpopular with the people. In 1914 the neutrality of Luxembourg was violated by Germany, which occupied the grand duchy until the Armistice of 1918. During the war, Marie Adélaïde had tolerated the illegal German occupation, for…

W.S. Van Dyke: Powell and Loy, Eddy and MacDonald: Marie Antoinette (1938) was an overlong but solid biopic about the Austrian princess who became queen of France. The lavish drama was a showcase for Norma Shearer, though Robert Morley’s performance as Louis XVI drew much acclaim; both were nominated for Oscars.

Sofia Coppola: … was followed by the less-appreciated Marie Antoinette (2006), adapted from Antonia Fraser’s revisionist and compassionate biography, Marie Antoinette: The Journey (2001). Set in lavish interiors and with elaborate costuming and a strikingly anachronistic 1980s soundtrack, Coppola’s film portrayed the young 18th-century queen-to-be (played by Kirsten Dunst) from a fresh, personal—rather…

Paris: Île Saint-Louis: The Marie Bridge to the Right Bank, which was completed as part of the contract, is the original span, although it has been modified for modern traffic. The Île Saint-Louis constitutes a tranquil neighbourhood in the centre of the busy city.

Marie Byrd Land, unclaimed region of Antarctica, bordering on the South Pacific Ocean and extending from the Ross Sea and Ice Shelf (west) to Ellsworth Land (east). The barren ice-capped region averages 2,600–6,500 feet (800–2,000 metres) above sea level in altitude, except along its mountainous

Audra McDonald: Stage success: Carousel, Master Class, and Ragtime: …in the title role of Marie Christine (1999), a musical retelling of Medea, written especially for her by Michael LaChiusa, marked her first leading role on Broadway. Though the critical approbation elicited by her acting was significant, it was exceeded by the attention paid to her lustrous lyric soprano. She…

For the 13th edition (1926) of the Encyclopædia Britannica, Marie Curie, cowinner of the 1903 Nobel Prize for Physics and winner of the 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, wrote the entry on radium with her daughter Irène Curie, later Irène Joliot-Curie and cowinner of the 1935 Nobel Prize for

Mary was the duchess of Burgundy (1477–82), daughter and heiress of Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy. Her crucial marriage to the archduke Maximilian (later Maximilian I), son of the Habsburg emperor Ferdinand III, resulted in Habsburg control of the Netherlands. Betrothed to Maximilian in 1476,

Marie De France was the earliest known French woman poet, creator of verse narratives on romantic and magical themes that perhaps inspired the musical lais of the later trouvères, and author of Aesopic and other fables, called Ysopets. Her works, of considerable charm and talent, were probably

Mary Of Lorraine was the regent of Scotland for her daughter, Mary Stuart, during the early years of the Scottish Reformation. A Roman Catholic, she pursued pro-French policies that involved her in civil war with Scotland’s Protestant nobles. Mary was the eldest child of Claude de Lorraine, 1er duc

Mary Of Lorraine was the regent of Scotland for her daughter, Mary Stuart, during the early years of the Scottish Reformation. A Roman Catholic, she pursued pro-French policies that involved her in civil war with Scotland’s Protestant nobles. Mary was the eldest child of Claude de Lorraine, 1er duc

Marie de Médicis was the queen consort of King Henry IV of France (reigned 1589–1610) and, from 1610 to 1614, regent for her son, King Louis XIII (reigned 1610–43). Marie was the daughter of Francesco de’ Medici, grand duke of Tuscany, and Joanna of Austria. Shortly after Henry IV divorced his

Irving Berlin: Early life and first songs: …his first published song, “Marie from Sunny Italy,” appeared in 1907; a printer’s error on this song named him Irving Berlin, a surname that he subsequently kept.

Henry King: Films of the 1930s: …he directed Spencer Tracy in Marie Galante, a popular thriller about a plot to blow up the Panama Canal. The following year King had a minor hit with the Depression-era One More Spring. Less impressive was Way Down East (1935), a remake of D.W. Griffith’s 1920 film, with Henry Fonda.

Jens Peter Jacobsen: …novel, Fru Marie Grubbe (1876; Marie Grubbe: A Lady of the Seventeenth Century), is a psychological study of a 17th-century woman whose natural instincts are stronger than her social instincts and result in her descent on the social scale from a viceroy’s consort to the wife of a ferryman. The…

Marie-Charles David de Mayrena was an eccentric French adventurer who became the self-styled king of the Sedang tribe of the northern Central Highlands in what is now southern Vietnam. After defrauding French authorities in Saigon, David de Mayrena fled to Kontum in the Central Highlands, where he

Portrait of Mademoiselle Charlotte du Val d’Ognes, unsigned oil painting believed to have been created about 1801 that is attributed to French artist Marie Denise Villers. The painting, which was likely exhibited in the Paris Salon of 1801, has had different attributions and interpretations, mostly

Marie Leszczyńska was the queen consort of King Louis XV of France (ruled 1715–74). Although she had no direct influence on French politics, her Polish dynastic connections involved France in a European conflict that resulted in the eventual annexation of Lorraine by France. Marie’s father,

Ursuline: In 1639 Marie Guyard (Marie of the Incarnation) founded the Ursuline house at Quebec, the first congregation of women to be established in North America.

Paris: Île Saint-Louis: …la Cité to a contractor, Christophe Marie, and two financiers. It was 37 years before Marie was able to unite the islets, dike the circumference, lay out a central avenue with 10 lateral streets, and rent space to householders. The church of Saint-Louis-en-l’Île was begun the same year, 1664, but…

Pierre Marie was a French neurologist whose discovery that growth disorders are caused by pituitary disease contributed to the modern science of endocrinology. A student of the neurologist Jean Charcot at the Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris (1885), Marie published the first description of acromegaly

The Dick Van Dyke Show: …Amsterdam) and Sally Rogers (Rose Marie), who was always on the lookout for a husband—and the show’s pompous producer, Mel Cooley (Richard Deacon). Both Rob’s work family and his nuclear family—wife Laura (Mary Tyler Moore) and son Ritchie (Larry Matthews)—provided reliable vehicles for comedy. The Petries resided in New…

Marie-Amélie de Bourbon was the queen of Louis- Philippe, king of France (1830–48). She took no interest in politics and devoted her life to her husband and the bringing up of her eight children. The daughter of Ferdinand IV of Naples (later Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies) and Queen Maria

Marie-Antoinette was the Austrian queen consort of King Louis XVI of France (1774–93). Her name is associated with the decline in the moral authority of the French monarchy in the closing years of the ancien régime, though her courtly extravagance was but a minor cause of the financial disorders of

Marie-Antoinette was the Austrian queen consort of King Louis XVI of France (1774–93). Her name is associated with the decline in the moral authority of the French monarchy in the closing years of the ancien régime, though her courtly extravagance was but a minor cause of the financial disorders of

Carlota was the wife of the emperor Maximilian of Mexico. The only daughter of Leopold I, king of the Belgians, and Princess Louise of Orléans, Carlota married at age 17 the archduke Maximilian, brother of the emperor Francis Joseph of Austria. They lived as the Austrian regents in Milan until

Canadian literature: World War II and the postwar period, 1935–60: …translated and published together as The Outlander), continued to examine rural society, though with greater detachment. One of the most prolific novelists, Yves Thériault, found new subjects among Quebec’s native peoples in Agaguk (1958; Eng. trans. Agaguk) and Ashini (1960; Eng. trans. Ashini).

Marie-Galante, island in the Lesser Antilles, eastern Caribbean Sea, and a dependency of Guadeloupe, an overseas département of France. It lies some 15 miles (25 km) southeast of the island of Grande-Terre. Marie-Galante is of coral and limestone structure and is round in shape, measuring some 10

Marie-Louise was an Austrian archduchess who became empress of the French (impératrice des Français) as the second wife of the emperor Napoleon I; she was later duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla. Marie-Louise, a member of the house of Habsburg, was the eldest daughter of the Holy Roman

mademoiselle: A later mademoiselle was Marie-Louise d’Orléans, daughter of Philippe I, duc d’Orleans (brother of Louis XIV), who became queen of Spain as the wife of Charles II.

Marie-Louise was an Austrian archduchess who became empress of the French (impératrice des Français) as the second wife of the emperor Napoleon I; she was later duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla. Marie-Louise, a member of the house of Habsburg, was the eldest daughter of the Holy Roman

Jules Massenet: …he also produced his oratorio, Marie-Magdeleine, later performed as an opera. This work exemplifies the mingling of religious feeling and eroticism often found in Massenet’s music. Massenet also composed more than 200 songs, a piano concerto, and several orchestral suites.

spondylitis: …most widely occurring forms are ankylosing spondylitis, hypertrophic spondylitis, and tuberculous spondylitis.

Marie-Thérèse of Austria was the queen consort of King Louis XIV of France (reigned 1643–1715). As the daughter of King Philip IV of Spain and Elizabeth of France, Marie-Thérèse was betrothed to Louis by the Peace of the Pyrenees (1659), which ended a 24-year war between France and Spain. Under the

Marie-Thérèse of Austria was the queen consort of King Louis XIV of France (reigned 1643–1715). As the daughter of King Philip IV of Spain and Elizabeth of France, Marie-Thérèse was betrothed to Louis by the Peace of the Pyrenees (1659), which ended a 24-year war between France and Spain. Under the

Montreal Botanical Garden: …Montreal founded in 1936 by Frère Marie-Victorin, one of the greatest of Canadian botanists. Spanning more than 75 hectares (185 acres), the Montreal Botanical Garden has approximately 20,000 plant species and cultivars under cultivation and maintains a herbarium consisting of nearly 100,000 reference specimens. Of the garden’s many greenhouses, 10…

Marieberg pottery, Swedish pottery produced at the factory of Marieberg on the island of Kungsholmen, not far from Stockholm, from about 1759 until 1788. When the Marieberg factory, founded by Johann Eberhard Ludwig Ehrenreich, encountered financial difficulties in 1766, Ehrenreich was succeeded by

Marcel Duchamp: Farewell to art: …Vierge à la Mariée and Mariée, both done in Munich, are among the finest works of the period. Again they were neither Cubist, nor Futurist, nor Abstract, but they expressed Duchamp’s typical vision of the body perceived in its inmost impulses.

Åland Islands: …and is the site of Mariehamn, the administrative capital, chief seaport, and only town. Also located on Åland is Orrdals Hill, the highest point of the archipelago, rising to a height of 423 feet (129 metres). From the 19th century until World War II, Mariehamn served as the centre of…

Mariel boatlift, mass emigration of people from Cuba to the United States by boat in April–October 1980. After communist leader Fidel Castro rose to political power in Cuba in 1959, he periodically closed the island’s borders and prevented Cuban citizens from leaving. In April 1980, however,

Mariánské Lázně, spa town, western Czech Republic. It is situated on the edge of the wooded hills southwest of Karlovy Vary. Its more than 40 mineral springs were long the property of the Premonstratensian Abbey (12th century) at Teplá, a few miles east of the town. When Josef Nehr, the abbey’s

Malbork, city, Pomorskie województwo (province), northern Poland. It lies on the Nogat River, the easternmost distributary of the Vistula River delta. The town was founded on the site of a medieval Prussian estate fortified by knights of the Teutonic Order in 1236 and was once the residence of

Lübeck: …Lübeck’s outstanding monuments are the Marienkirche (St. Mary’s Church, a 13th–14th-century brick structure in the Gothic style), the Romanesque cathedral (begun in 1173 under Henry III), and the magnificent Rathaus (city hall), built in a combination of Gothic and Renaissance styles. Waterways and parklands outline the inner city, where the…

Rainer Maria Rilke: Writing block and military service: …from a short poetry cycle, Das Marienleben (1913; The Life of the Virgin Mary), he did not publish anything for 13 years. The first works in which he transcended even his Neue Gedichte were written early in 1912—two long poems in the style of elegies. He did not undertake their…

Frauenlob: His best-known poem, Marienleich (“Mary’s Song”), is an impressive display of virtuosity in which the Virgin is praised in complex language that combines traditional religious imagery, double meanings, and esoteric philosophical allusions.

Mariental, town, south-central Namibia. It lies at an elevation of 3,576 feet (1,090 metres) and is situated 145 miles (232 km) north of Keetmanshoop and 170 miles (274 km) southeast of Windhoek, the national capital. The town and the surrounding area are in a hot, arid region. The eastern sections

Henri de La Tour d’Auvergne, vicomte de Turenne: Command of the French forces in Germany: …army was lost in the Battle of Marienthal (Mergentheim). Turenne fell back, and Mazarin sent Enghien to rescue him. Their united forces met the Bavarians in the Battle of Nördlingen and reached the Danube River but with such heavy losses in infantry that they soon had to return to the…

Marietta, city, seat (1834) of Cobb county, northwestern Georgia, U.S. It lies about 20 miles (30 km) northwest of Atlanta, in the Blue Ridge foothills. A settlement is thought to have existed on the site in the 1820s. The town was probably named for the wife of prominent jurist and legislator

Marietta, city, seat (1788) of Washington county, southeastern Ohio, U.S. It lies at the confluence of the Ohio and Muskingum rivers, opposite Williamstown, West Virginia. Shortly after the construction (1785) there of Fort Harmar, Manasseh Cutler, the American Revolutionary War general Rufus

Auguste Mariette was a French archaeologist who conducted major excavations throughout Egypt, revealing much about the earlier periods of Egyptian history. Mariette joined the Egyptian department of the Louvre in 1849 and in the following year traveled to Egypt to obtain ancient manuscripts.

Auguste Mariette was a French archaeologist who conducted major excavations throughout Egypt, revealing much about the earlier periods of Egyptian history. Mariette joined the Egyptian department of the Louvre in 1849 and in the following year traveled to Egypt to obtain ancient manuscripts.

Santa María, Christopher Columbus’ flagship on his first voyage to America. About 117 feet (36 metres) long, the “Santa María” had a deck, three masts, and forecastle and sterncastle and was armed with bombards that fired granite balls. She performed well in the voyage but ran aground off Haiti on

Jean-Charles Galissard de Marignac was a Swiss chemist whose work with atomic weights suggested the possibility of isotopes and the packing fraction of nuclei and whose study of the rare-earth elements led to his discovery of ytterbium in 1878 and codiscovery of gadolinium in 1880. After studying

Battle of Marignano, (Sept. 13–14, 1515), French victory over a Swiss army in the first Italian campaign of Francis I of France. Fought near the village of Marignano (modern Melegnano), 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Milan, the battle resulted in the French recovery of Milan and in the conclusion of

Giovanni dei Marignolli was a Franciscan friar and one of four legates sent to the court of the Mongol emperor of China, Togon-Temür, at Khanbaliq (Beijing). Marignolli’s notes on the journey, though fragmentary, contain vivid descriptions that established him among the notable travelers to the Far

Enguerrand de Marigny was a powerful chamberlain to the French king Philip IV the Fair, who depended heavily on Marigny’s advice on foreign policy and on relations between king and church. Marigny was described as the man who knew all the king’s secrets and who encouraged Philip to make drastic

marigold, (genus Tagetes), genus of about 50 species of annual herbs of the aster family (Asteraceae), native to southwestern North America, tropical America, and South America. The name marigold also refers to the pot marigold (genus Calendula) and unrelated plants of several families. Members of

Louise Glück: …her first work of fiction, Marigold and Rose. The novella centres on a pair of infant twins.

calendula: Major species and uses: The pot marigold (Calendula officinalis) is grown especially for ornamental purposes and is commonly found in herbal products and cosmetics. The petal-like ray flowers are edible and are sometimes used in salads. Field marigold (C. arvensis) is native to Europe and is used similarly. Sea marigold,…

Saint-Martin: Marigot is the capital.

marijuana, crude drug composed of the leaves and flowers of plants in the genus Cannabis. The term marijuana is sometimes used interchangeably with cannabis; however, the latter refers specifically to the plant genus, which comprises C. sativa and, by some classifications, C. indica and C.

Mariinsky Ballet, prominent Russian ballet company, part of the Mariinsky Theatre of Opera and Ballet in St. Petersburg. Its traditions, deriving from its predecessor, the Imperial Russian Ballet, are based on the work of such leading 19th-century choreographers as Jules Perrot, Arthur Saint-Léon,

Mariinsky Ballet, prominent Russian ballet company, part of the Mariinsky Theatre of Opera and Ballet in St. Petersburg. Its traditions, deriving from its predecessor, the Imperial Russian Ballet, are based on the work of such leading 19th-century choreographers as Jules Perrot, Arthur Saint-Léon,

Kyiv: City layout: Nearby is the attractive Mariinsky Palace, built in 1747–55 for the tsaritsa Elizabeth, reconstructed in 1870, and now used for government receptions.

Mariinsky Theatre, Russian imperial theatre in St. Petersburg. The theatre opened in 1860 and was named for Maria Aleksandrovna, wife of the reigning tsar. Ballet was not performed there until 1880 and was presented regularly only after 1889, when the Imperial Russian Ballet became its resident

Marijampolė, administrative centre of a rayon (sector), Lithuania. Marijampolė lies along both banks of the Šešupė River. The settlement developed as a monastic centre in the 18th century, when it was known as Starapolė, and achieved urban status in 1758. After World War II it developed as an

marijuana, crude drug composed of the leaves and flowers of plants in the genus Cannabis. The term marijuana is sometimes used interchangeably with cannabis; however, the latter refers specifically to the plant genus, which comprises C. sativa and, by some classifications, C. indica and C.

rederijkerskamer: The miracle play Mariken van Nieumeghen (c. 1500) is remarkably modern both in its psychological insight and in its technique. The “miracle” of the renegade’s conversion is achieved through the simple and realistic device of her confrontation with a topical “pageant” street play, a theme within a theme.…

Marília, city, west-central São Paulo estado (state), Brazil, lying between the Aguapeí and Peixe rivers in the highlands at 2,139 feet (652 metres) above sea level. Founded in 1611, it was made the seat of a municipality and given city status in 1928. Agriculture (rice, coffee, peanuts), livestock

Tomás Antônio Gonzaga: …book of pastoral love lyrics, Marília de Dirceu. It was published in three parts in 1792, 1799, and 1812 and chronicles his relationship with Marília. Shortly after arriving in Mozambique, Gonzaga married an heiress and remained there the rest of his life, holding important posts in the colony.

St. Louise de Marillac ; canonized March 11, 1934; feast day March 15) was a cofounder with St. Vincent de Paul of the Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul, a congregation of laywomen dedicated to teaching and hospital work. Louise was a member of the powerful de Marillac family and was well

Marilyn Manson: …vocalist of the rock band Marilyn Manson, which he cofounded with guitarist Scott Putesky in 1989. The band became popular for its blend of industrial rock, glam rock, and alternative metal and for its controversial image and lyrics, which often challenge societal norms and provoke strong reactions.

John Rechy: (1979), Bodies and Souls (1983), Marilyn’s Daughter (1988), Our Lady of Babylon (1996), The Coming of the Night (1999), The Life and Adventures of Lyle Clemens (2003), After the Blue Hour (2017), and Pablo! (2018). In addition, he published the essay collection Beneath the Skin (2004). About My

marimba, any of several varieties of xylophone. Marimba is one of many African names for the xylophone, and, because African instruments bearing this name frequently have a tuned calabash resonator for each wooden bar, some ethnomusicologists use the name marimba to distinguish gourd-resonated from

Río de la Plata: Physiography of the Alto Paraná basin: …its numerous waterfalls—such as the Marimbondo Falls, with a height of 72 feet (22 metres)—makes it of little use for navigation. The Paranaíba, which also has numerous waterfalls, is formed by many affluents, the northernmost headstream being the São Bartolomeu River, which rises just to the east of Brasília.