Nearly 43 million individuals in the U.S. have federal student loan debt, adding up to more than $1.6 trillion. For many borrowers, that balance translates into years of monthly payments and a hefty amount of interest. But the federal tax code offers some ways to ease the cost. You may be able to

Earth, the Sun, and the Moon are coming into alignment. A solar eclipse will be happening near you. What do you need to do to view the eclipse safely? The first thing to know is you should not look directly at the Sun. You may think that much of the Sun is going to be covered where you are. Surely,

How to Win Friends and Influence People, popular and influential self-help and salesmanship book by the author, radio host, and public-speaking coach Dale Carnegie. Since its original publication in 1936, How to Win Friends and Influence People has sold more than 30 million copies, making it one of

Stanley Fish: How to Write a Sentence: And How to Read One and Winning Arguments: What Works and Doesn’t Work in Politics, the Bedroom, the Courtroom, and the Classroom were published in 2011 and 2016, respectively.

Lucian: …literary criticism is his treatise How to Write History. In this work he stresses the impartiality, detachment, and rigorous devotion to truth that characterize the ideal historian. He also comments on the ideal historical style and provides amusing descriptions of contemporary historians who imitate Thucydides by introducing plagues and funeral…

A guiding principle in investing is to avoid losing so much money (or losing it so quickly) that recovery becomes impossible. Because market risk is a major driver of such losses, investment pros rely on various tools to estimate and manage it. Among these tools, one of the most widely used is

The origin of alcoholic beverages is shrouded in the mists of prehistory, but it is believed that fermentation occurred naturally when yeasts in the air acted on mashed sugar-rich foods such as grapes, grains, and honey. This accidental process likely led early peoples to discover alcohol, as they

Anne Frank and her family were discovered after Dutch informers tipped off the Gestapo, who raided the family’s hiding place on August 4, 1944. The Frank family, along with four other Jewish individuals, had been hiding in a “secret annex” (concealed section) of Otto Frank’s business premises in

Buddhism began in northeastern India in the kingdoms of Magadha and Kosala. The followers of the Buddha began as a community of monks, nuns, and the accompanying laity in northern and central India. Buddhism spread from those beginnings through a combination of missionary work, trade routes, and

The sugary treat cotton candy was invented in Nashville in 1897 by a dentist (yes, a dentist) named William J. Morrison and a confectioner named John C. Wharton. Together, they developed a machine that spun heated sugar into fine threads, creating an airy, cottony confection that became a staple at

Scientists agree that Devils Tower was formed through a fascinating geological process involving volcanic activity and erosion more than 50 million years ago, but they disagree over how this process of formation was actually carried out. One of the most popular explanations is that Devils Tower

Earth’s creation is a fascinating tale of interstellar material coming together to form our planet. It all began around 4.6 billion years ago when a massive cloud of dust and gas, known as the solar nebula, began to collapse under its own gravity. At the center of this collapse, the Sun formed,

Germany was divided into four occupation zones in 1945 after Nazi Germany’s unconditional surrender in World War II. Each zone was controlled by one of the Allied powers: the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and the Soviet Union. The west of the country was administered by the US, the UK,

Isaac Newton didn’t just see an apple fall from a tree. He saw a clue to how gravity works. In 1687, he proposed that the same invisible force pulling the apple to the ground was also keeping the Moon in orbit around Earth. His idea became the basis for what he called universal gravitation, the

Instant ramen was invented by Momofuku Ando in 1958. In his biography, “The Story of the Invention of Instant Ramen” (2002), Ando recalls walking through the streets of Ōsaka after the end of World War II and seeing a long line of people shivering in the cold, waiting for a bowl of ramen. Food

Islam was promulgated by the Prophet Muhammad in Arabia in the 7th century ce. According to tradition, Muhammad received a revelation from the angel Gabriel at the age of 40, marking the beginning of his role as a prophet in the legacy of Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and others. The revelations continued

The idea for what became Mount Rushmore National Memorial was proposed in 1923 by South Dakota state historian Doane Robinson, who wanted to promote tourism. However, it was American sculptor Gutzon Borglum who brought the project to life. Borglum envisioned a grand monument that would symbolize

Niagara Falls was formed over 12,000 years ago as a result of the melting ice from the retreating glaciers at the end of the Wisconsin Glacial Stage, but the rocks that make up the formation date back to more than 400 hundred million years ago. The melting of the Laurentide Ice Sheet released a

Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar, leader of the Medellín cartel, surrendered in June 1991 and was subsequently imprisoned following an extensive manhunt and parallel negotiations with the Colombian government about his surrender. The massive manhunt by the government—reportedly aided by U.S.

Petroleum was discovered in early times by observing natural oil seeps and later extracted through drilling efforts as technology advanced. Ancient civilizations, including the Sumerians, Assyrians, and Babylonians, noticed oil seeping to the surface as tar-like deposits or thin films on water

Pizza, as we know it today, originated centuries ago in Naples, Italy, where it was crafted as a humble dish for the working class. The classic Neapolitan pizza, known as pizza Margherita, was a thin layer of dough adorned with tomato sauce, mozzarella cheese, and basil. This combination not only

After Saddam Hussein was captured in 2003 during the Iraq War, he was tried before an Iraqi tribunal and convicted. In November 2006 the tribunal found him guilty of crimes against humanity, which included willful killing, illegal imprisonment, deportation, and torture. He was sentenced to death by

Stonehenge was constructed over six stages between 3000 and 1520 bce using a sophisticated post-and-lintel system, with massive stones transported from distant locations and arranged in a precise circular formation. The initial phase of the construction of Stonehenge (located on Salisbury Plain,

The Roman Catholic Church traces its origins back to Jesus Christ and his disciples in the 1st century ce. According to Roman Catholic tradition, Jesus appointed his apostle Peter as the leader of the church. This tradition rests partly on Jesus’ words, “And I tell you, you are Peter [Greek:

The Eiffel Tower was constructed using advanced engineering techniques and a small labor force over a period of about two years from 1887 to 1889. Gustave Eiffel, a noted bridge engineer, designed the tower using his extensive knowledge of metal arch and truss forms. The structure was primarily

The short answer is the hard work of the Colorado River, but the real answer is more complex. About six million years ago, the river began carving its way through the rock layers of the Colorado Plateau. The river’s rapid flow, combined with its load of mud, sand, and gravel cut deep into the

The Great Wall of China was constructed using a variety of materials and techniques, evolving over centuries to become the monumental structure we recognize today. From the 7th through 4th century bce, states like Chu and Qi constructed walls to defend themselves from their rival states. After his

The Liberty Bell—a well-known symbol of freedom, originally commissioned by the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly in 1751—has cracked multiple times during its history. The bell’s first crack happened almost immediately after its arrival in Philadelphia. Cast in London and delivered in 1752, the

The Mariana Trench was formed through subduction, a process in which one tectonic plate is forced below another. The Mariana Trench is a prime example of a subduction zone, where the Pacific Plate is being subducted beneath the smaller Mariana Plate. As the Pacific Plate is denser and older, it

The construction of the Panama Canal was a monumental feat that was accomplished through strategic engineering, international collaboration, and the overcoming of natural challenges. Initially, the French attempted to build a sea-level canal but faced setbacks, including disease and engineering

The Roman Colosseum was constructed using a combination of innovative engineering techniques and a variety of materials, and stands as a showcase of the architectural achievements of ancient Rome. The construction began under Emperor Vespasian between 70 and 72 ce. The site chosen for the Colosseum

The Statue of Liberty was constructed in France between 1875 and 1884 under the supervision of sculptor Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi, who began drafting designs in 1870. He and his team hammered 31 tons of copper sheets—each about 0.1 inches (2.4-mm) thick—into shape and assembled them over a

The Statue of Liberty was transported from France to the United States aboard the French frigate Isère. The colossal statue, standing at 151 feet (46 meters) and weighing 225 tons (204 metric tons), was first constructed in France between 1875 and 1884 under the supervision of sculptor

The enforcement of the Thirteenth Amendment in the South was a complex and multifaceted process that involved significant legal, political, and social challenges. Ratified in December 1865, six months after the end of the American Civil War, the amendment abolished slavery in the United States.

The most widely accepted explanation for the origin of the universe is the big-bang theory, which proposes that the universe began approximately 13.8 billion years ago in an extremely hot, dense state. This initial state was not confined to a single point in space but was the state of space itself

When American Civil War hostilities broke out in April 1861, Ulysses S. Grant quickly rose up the Union ranks, advancing from recruitment officer to brigadier general by August of that year. In January 1862 he voiced his concerns about his force’s primarily defensive role and received permission

The city of Venice, spread across an archipelago in the crescent-shaped Laguna Veneta (Venice Lagoon), rests on a vast number of densely packed upright wooden piles submerged in the lagoon’s waters and driven deep into the soft mud and clay below. This remarkable feat of engineering has provided

Joy Harjo: Poetry, tenure as U.S. poet laureate, and other writing: …Poetry and Tales (2000); and How We Became Human: New and Selected Poems (2002). In Conflict Resolution for Holy Beings (2015), Harjo chronicles the joys and struggles of everyday life of Native Americans, beginning with the Trail of Tears, the forced relocation in the 1830s of Eastern Woodlands Indians of…

Scientific understanding of viruses emerged in the 1890s, with the work of Russian microbiologist Dmitry I. Ivanovsky (1892) and Dutch microbiologist and botanist Martinus W. Beijerinck (1898). Both scientists were studying a disease of tobacco plants. Ivanovsky used a filtering method for

There was a time when military service or national security expertise was practically a job requirement for top politicians in the United States. More than two-thirds of U.S. presidents have served in the armed forces, and that doesn’t count those who tried to become president after distinguished

There’s a place today where a rapidly decreasing number of people rely on cash: Sweden. It’s the developed Western country that, today, is probably closest to being a cashless society. Even though an overwhelming majority of businesses accept cash, a very small percentage of consumers actually want

Harlem Hellfighters: The Hellfighters at war: …call to his sweetheart, and “How Ya Gonna Keep ’Em Down on the Farm?” was a playful tune about the appeal of Paris in contrast to life at home. The latter song carried a subtle political undertone: How could returning African American soldiers be expected to accept lynchings, institutional racism,…

When embarking on a new business initiative—a merger, joint venture, or new product line, for example—many companies begin with a classic strategic planning tool called SWOT analysis. An acronym for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, SWOT is designed to help companies gain a

Howard, county, central Maryland, U.S., bordered by the South Branch Patapsco River to the north, the Patapsco River to the northeast, and the Patuxent River to the west and southwest. The county is bracketed by Patuxent River State Park in the west and Patapsco Valley State Park in the east.

Howard Family, a famous English family whose head, the duke of Norfolk, is the premier duke and hereditary earl marshal of England. The earls of Suffolk, Carlisle, and Effingham and the Lord Howard of Glossop and Lord Stafford represent the family in its younger lines. The family was founded by

Hughes Medical Institute, American philanthropic foundation, established in 1953 by the aviator and industrialist Howard Hughes. From its offices in Chevy Chase, Md., the organization subsidizes biomedical research at hospitals and universities throughout the United States, chiefly in genetics,

Atom Egoyan: In his first short film, Howard in Particular (1979), an aging employee is ushered into retirement by a tape recorder. That film’s theme, an examination of the impact of technology on experience, recurred in later films such as Peep Show (1981) and Family Viewing (1987).

Howard Nemerov (1920–91), one of America’s finest poets, was also arguably the wittiest. In 1978 he received the Pulitzer Prize in Arts and Letters and in 1977 the National Book Award for his Collected Poems. He was a pilot in the Royal Canadian Air Force and the U.S. Army Air Force, novelist,

Charles Howard, 1st earl of Nottingham was an English lord high admiral who commanded England’s fleet against the Spanish Armada. Although he was not as talented a seaman as his subordinates Sir Francis Drake and John Hawkins, Howard’s able leadership contributed greatly to this important English

Howard Stern: Howard Stern Comes Again (2019) is a collection of his more notable interviews.

Howard Stern: In 1985 The Howard Stern Show began airing on New York City’s WXRK-FM and was syndicated the following year. Stern’s outrageous humour—which was often criticized as racist and misogynist—increasingly attracted the attention of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), which by the late 1990s had levied more than…

George Lucas: The growth of Lucasfilm: …1988) and spectacular failures (Howard the Duck, 1986). He fulfilled a long-standing ambition by serving as executive producer on Kurosawa’s Kagemusha (1980).

Howard University, historically Black university founded in 1867 in Washington, D.C., and named for General Oliver Otis Howard, head of the post-Civil War Freedmen’s Bureau, who influenced Congress to appropriate funds for the school. The university is financially supported in large part by the

Moonlight: …rehab facility, and Kevin (André Howard), now a short-order cook and waiter in a diner in Miami, reaches out to him in a phone call. Chiron first visits his mother, they achieve a wary reconciliation, and then he goes to Kevin’s diner, where Kevin tries to draw him out.…

Alabama Shakes: In 2009 the group christened themselves the Shakes, and

Bronson Howard was an American journalist, author of successful comedies and dramas about life in the United States and founder-president of the first society for playwrights in the United States. A newspaper writer in Detroit and New York, Howard had his first success with Saratoga, produced in

Bronson Howard was an American journalist, author of successful comedies and dramas about life in the United States and founder-president of the first society for playwrights in the United States. A newspaper writer in Detroit and New York, Howard had his first success with Saratoga, produced in

rhythm and blues: …Milton played drums and sang, Camille Howard played piano and sang, and the alto and tenor saxophonists (Milton went through several of them) each would be featured at least once. Another hallmark of small-group rhythm and blues was the relegation of the guitar, if indeed there was one, to a…

Caroline Howard Gilman was a popular American writer and publisher, much of whose work reflected her conviction of the importance of the family as a foundation for societal harmony. Caroline Howard grew up in a succession of towns near Boston until her widowed mother settled in Cambridge,

Catherine Howard was the fifth wife of King Henry VIII of England. Her downfall came when Henry learned of her premarital affairs. Catherine was one of 10 children of Lord Edmund Howard (died 1539), a poverty-stricken younger son of Thomas Howard, 2nd duke of Norfolk. Henry VIII first became

Charles Howard, 1st earl of Nottingham was an English lord high admiral who commanded England’s fleet against the Spanish Armada. Although he was not as talented a seaman as his subordinates Sir Francis Drake and John Hawkins, Howard’s able leadership contributed greatly to this important English

Charles Howard, 3rd earl of Carlisle was the chief minister of Great Britain from Dec. 30, 1701, to May 6, 1702, and from May 23 to Oct. 11, 1715. The eldest son of Edward Howard, the 2nd earl (1646?–92), he was a member of Parliament from 1690 until he succeeded his father as earl in 1692.

Seabiscuit: Breeding and early years: …new face in Thoroughbred racing, Charles S. Howard, a millionaire automobile distributor from San Francisco who hoped to establish horse racing on a grand scale on the West Coast. With him was his trainer, Tom Smith, who had a penchant and skill for rejuvenating discarded horses. Both men were attracted…

Clarina Irene Howard Nichols was a 19th-century American journalist and reformer, a determined and effective campaigner for women’s rights. Clarina Howard was educated in Vermont public schools and for a year at an academy. From 1830 until 1843 she was married to Justin Carpenter, a Baptist

Ron Howard: Television producing: …2021 he cowrote—with his brother, Clint, an actor who appeared in many of Ron’s films—The Boys: A Memoir of Hollywood and Family.

the Three Stooges: …24, 1975, Woodland Hills, California), Curly Howard (original name Jerome Horwitz; b. October 22, 1903, New York City—d. January 18, 1952, San Gabriel, California), Joe Besser (b. August 12, 1907, St. Louis, Missouri—d. March 1, 1988, North Hollywood, California), Joe DeRita (original name Joseph Wardell; b. July 12, 1909, Philadelphia—d.…

Houston Rockets: The team signed star center Dwight Howard in the following offseason, and the Rockets bettered the previous season’s record and again advanced to the playoffs.

Edward Howard was a pioneer American watch manufacturer. Howard was apprenticed to the famous clock maker Aaron Willard; he showed great mechanical aptitude and a marked preference for smaller timepieces. In 1840 he set up a successful business making clocks in Roxbury. In 1850 Howard and his

Elizabeth Jane Howard was a British writer of novels and shorter fiction who was praised for her deft characterizations of alienated people and her sensitivity to the nuances of family relationships. Howard worked as an actress in repertory theatre in Devon, England, and at Stratford-upon-Avon, and

Elston Howard was an American baseball player who was the first African American to play for the famed New York Yankees franchise and who was named the Most Valuable Player of the American League (AL) in 1963 after batting .287 with 28 home runs and 85 runs batted in. Howard was a backup catcher

Elston Howard was an American baseball player who was the first African American to play for the famed New York Yankees franchise and who was named the Most Valuable Player of the American League (AL) in 1963 after batting .287 with 28 home runs and 85 runs batted in. Howard was a backup catcher

Thomas Howard, 1st earl of Suffolk: …three daughters was the notorious Frances Howard, who instigated the poisoning of poet and essayist Sir Thomas Overbury.

Jonathan Cape: …who in 1921 cofounded (with George Wren Howard) the firm that bears his name; it became one of the outstanding producers of general and high-quality books in the United Kingdom.

Charles Jeremiah Wells was an English writer, author (under the pseudonym H.L. Howard) of Joseph and His Brethren: A Scriptural Drama in Two Acts (1823), a long dramatic poem in the style of the Elizabethan dramatists, which enjoyed an immense vogue among the Pre-Raphaelites and their followers

Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey was a poet who, with Sir Thomas Wyatt (1503–42), introduced into England the styles and metres of the Italian humanist poets and so laid the foundation of a great age of English poetry. The eldest son of Lord Thomas Howard, Henry took the courtesy title of Earl of

Henry Howard, earl of Northampton was a Roman Catholic intriguer during the reigns of Elizabeth I and James I of England, known for his unscrupulousness and treachery. He was the second son of the poet Henry Howard, earl of Surrey, and the younger brother of Thomas Howard, 4th duke of Norfolk.

The Philadelphia Story: Cast:

Sword Beach: Orne and Dives rivers air-assault zones: …Light Infantry, commanded by Major John Howard, touched down precisely on target at the bridges. Within 10 minutes and with the loss of only two men dead, the daring coup de main placed both bridges in Allied hands. Howard’s company thus became the first attackers of the Normandy Invasion on…

John Howard, 1st duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal was an English lord who supported the Yorkist kings in the Wars of the Roses. John Howard was the son of Sir Robert Howard by his wife, Margaret, daughter of Thomas Mowbray, the 1st Duke of Norfolk of that family. In 1455 John Howard was sent to

John Howard is an Australian politician who was prime minister of Australia (1996–2007) and leader of the Liberal Party (1985–89, 1995–2007). Howard earned a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Sydney in 1961 and the following year became a solicitor of the New South Wales Supreme Court.

John Howard was an English philanthropist and reformer in the fields of penology and public health. On his father’s death in 1742, Howard inherited considerable wealth and traveled widely in Europe. He then became high sheriff in Bedfordshire in 1773. As part of his duties, he inspected Bedford

John Howard is an Australian politician who was prime minister of Australia (1996–2007) and leader of the Liberal Party (1985–89, 1995–2007). Howard earned a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Sydney in 1961 and the following year became a solicitor of the New South Wales Supreme Court.

Leland Ossian Howard was an American entomologist noted for his experiments in the biological control of harmful insects and for other pioneering efforts in applied entomology. After completing his studies at Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., under John Henry Comstock, one of the leading

Leslie Howard was an English actor, producer, and film director whose acting had a quiet, persuasive English charm. After working as a bank clerk, Howard served in World War I, where he was able to strengthen an early interest in the stage. Adopting his stage name, he first appeared on stage in

Earth sciences: Understanding of clouds, fog, and dew: …1803 by the English meteorologist Luke Howard. Howard’s effort was not simply taxonomic; he recognized that clouds reflect in their shapes and changing forms “the general causes which effect all the variations of the atmosphere.”

Michael Howard, Baron Howard of Lympne is a British politician who was the leader of the Conservative Party (2003–05). Howard’s father, Bernat Hecht, was a Jewish Romanian immigrant who settled in England in 1939 and changed his name to Bernard Howard. (Other members of the family remained behind,

Michelle Howard is a U.S. military officer who was the first woman to become a four-star admiral in the U.S. Navy. She also made history as the first African American woman to captain a U.S. naval ship (1999). Howard was born on March Air Force Base (now March Air Reserve Base), California, where

Michelle Howard is a U.S. military officer who was the first woman to become a four-star admiral in the U.S. Navy. She also made history as the first African American woman to captain a U.S. naval ship (1999). Howard was born on March Air Force Base (now March Air Reserve Base), California, where

Michelle Howard is a U.S. military officer who was the first woman to become a four-star admiral in the U.S. Navy. She also made history as the first African American woman to captain a U.S. naval ship (1999). Howard was born on March Air Force Base (now March Air Reserve Base), California, where

the Three Stooges: …23, 1955, Los Angeles, California), Moe Howard (original name Moses Horwitz; b. June 19, 1897, New York City—d. May 4, 1975, Los Angeles), Larry Fine (original name Louis Feinberg; b. October 5, 1902, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania—d. January 24, 1975, Woodland Hills, California), Curly Howard (original name Jerome Horwitz; b. October 22,…

Oliver O. Howard was a U.S. Union officer in the American Civil War (1861–65) who headed the Freedmen’s Bureau (1865–72) to help rehabilitate former slaves during the period of Reconstruction. A graduate of the U.S. Military Academy, West Point, N.Y. (1854), Howard resigned his regular army

Oliver O. Howard was a U.S. Union officer in the American Civil War (1861–65) who headed the Freedmen’s Bureau (1865–72) to help rehabilitate former slaves during the period of Reconstruction. A graduate of the U.S. Military Academy, West Point, N.Y. (1854), Howard resigned his regular army

Richard Howard was an American poet, critic, and translator who was influential in introducing modern French poetry and experimental novels to readers of English and whose own volume of verse, Untitled Subjects (1969), won the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1970. Howard was educated at Columbia

Conan the Barbarian: …was created by American writer Robert E. Howard and first appeared in short stories published in Weird Tales magazine in the early 1930s. Howard’s single extended-length Conan tale, which was serialized (1935–36) as “The Hour of the Wolf,” was published after his death as the first Conan novel, Conan the…

Robin Howard was a British ballet enthusiast and dance company founder who promoted modern dance in England. Howard, grandson of Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin and the eldest child of Sir Arthur and Lady Lorna Howard, studied at Eton College and served in World War II as a lieutenant in the Scots

Robin Howard was a British ballet enthusiast and dance company founder who promoted modern dance in England. Howard, grandson of Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin and the eldest child of Sir Arthur and Lady Lorna Howard, studied at Eton College and served in World War II as a lieutenant in the Scots

Ron Howard is an American filmmaker who first achieved fame as a child actor and later became a respected director. Howard’s parents were in show business, and he made his first screen appearance, in Frontier Woman (1955), when he was 18 months old. His first onstage appearance came at age two in a

Ron Howard is an American filmmaker who first achieved fame as a child actor and later became a respected director. Howard’s parents were in show business, and he made his first screen appearance, in Frontier Woman (1955), when he was 18 months old. His first onstage appearance came at age two in a

Roy W. Howard was an American journalist and editor who was codirector of the Scripps-Howard newspaper chain from 1925, when the Scripps-Howard name replaced the original designation, Scripps-McRae. Howard directed Scripps-Howard as the surviving partner after the death in 1938 of Robert Scripps.

Roy W. Howard was an American journalist and editor who was codirector of the Scripps-Howard newspaper chain from 1925, when the Scripps-Howard name replaced the original designation, Scripps-McRae. Howard directed Scripps-Howard as the surviving partner after the death in 1938 of Robert Scripps.