Saint Odo of Cluny ; feast day November 18) was the second abbot of Cluny (927–942) and an important monastic reformer. Most of the details of Odo’s youth are recorded by his first biographer, the monk John of Salerno, who, writing after Odo’s death (perhaps in the 950s), presented his account of

Urban II was the head of the Roman Catholic Church (1088–99) who developed ecclesiastical reforms begun by Pope Gregory VII, launched the Crusade movement, and strengthened the papacy as a political entity. Odo was born of noble parents about 1035 in the Champagne region of France. After studies in

Urban II was the head of the Roman Catholic Church (1088–99) who developed ecclesiastical reforms begun by Pope Gregory VII, launched the Crusade movement, and strengthened the papacy as a political entity. Odo was born of noble parents about 1035 in the Champagne region of France. After studies in

Hugh Capet: …and by continual conflict between Eudes I, count of Blois, and Fulk Nerra of Anjou, whom Hugh later supported. In 993 Eudes was aided by the bishop of Laon in an unsuccessful conspiracy to deliver Hugh and his son Robert over to Otto III. That no one was punished for…

France: Principalities north of the Loire: His successors, notably the fearsome Eudes II (996–1037), annexed the counties of Sancerre (1015) and Champagne (1019–23), thereby creating a principality comparable in strength to Flanders and more threatening to the king, whose patrimonial domains it encircled. A dynastic aggregate lacking natural cohesion, Blois-Champagne achieved its greatest strength under Theobald…

St. John Eudes ; canonized 1925; feast day August 19) was the founder of two Roman Catholic religious orders: the Sisters of Our Lady of Charity of the Refuge and the Congregation of Jesus and Mary (C.J.M.; also known as the Eudist Fathers). He was also an important promoter of devotions to the

eudicotyledon, any member of the angiosperms (flowering plants) that has a pair of embryonic leaves, or cotyledons, in the seed. There are about 175,000 known species of eudicots. Most common garden plants, shrubs and trees, and broad-leafed flowering plants, such as roses, geraniums, and

eudicotyledon, any member of the angiosperms (flowering plants) that has a pair of embryonic leaves, or cotyledons, in the seed. There are about 175,000 known species of eudicots. Most common garden plants, shrubs and trees, and broad-leafed flowering plants, such as roses, geraniums, and

St. John Eudes: …of the Refuge and the Congregation of Jesus and Mary (C.J.M.; also known as the Eudist Fathers). He was also an important promoter of devotions to the Sacred Heart of Jesus and the Immaculate Heart of Mary, establishing the first feasts in their honor.

annelid: Annotated classification: …cm; examples of genera: Sabella, Eudistylia, Serpula, Hydroides. Order Archiannelida Minute, primitive, with ciliated epidermis; prostomium small, with or without appendages; parapodia absent; septa reduced or absent; size, minute. Contains 4 groups of poorly known species considered separate orders by some (

Eudocia was the wife of the Eastern Roman emperor Theodosius II. She was a highly cultured woman who, in rivalry with her sister-in-law, the empress Pulcheria, exercised great influence over her husband until her withdrawal from Constantinople. Athenais, as she was then called, came from Athens,

Eudocia Macrembolitissa was a Byzantine empress and, in 1067 and 1071, regent, who has been called the wisest woman of her time. The daughter of John Macrembolites and niece of Michael Cerularius, the patriarch of Constantinople, Eudocia was the wife of the emperor Constantine X Ducas. After his

ibis: …northern South America, and the white ibis (E. albus) ranges in Central and North America.

ibis: The scarlet ibis (Eudocimus ruber) inhabits northern South America, and the white ibis (E. albus) ranges in Central and North America.

Eudocia Macrembolitissa was a Byzantine empress and, in 1067 and 1071, regent, who has been called the wisest woman of her time. The daughter of John Macrembolites and niece of Michael Cerularius, the patriarch of Constantinople, Eudocia was the wife of the emperor Constantine X Ducas. After his

gazelle: …Mongalla gazelle—have become the genus Eudorcas. The Gazella genus as traditionally defined includes eight species that occur only in Africa, five that occur only in Asia, and one species that occurs both in Africa and Asia. In the revised classification, Gazella contains ten species—three exclusively African, five exclusively Asian, and…

gazelle: …the red-fronted gazelle, and the Mongalla gazelle—have become the genus Eudorcas. The Gazella genus as traditionally defined includes eight species that occur only in Africa, five that occur only in Asia, and one species that occurs both in Africa and Asia. In the revised classification, Gazella contains ten species—three exclusively…

gazelle: …the smaller species—Thomson’s gazelle, the red-fronted gazelle, and the Mongalla gazelle—have become the genus Eudorcas. The Gazella genus as traditionally defined includes eight species that occur only in Africa, five that occur only in Asia, and one species that occurs both in Africa and Asia. In the revised classification, Gazella…

gazelle: …three of the smaller species—Thomson’s gazelle, the red-fronted gazelle, and the Mongalla gazelle—have become the genus Eudorcas. The Gazella genus as traditionally defined includes eight species that occur only in Africa, five that occur only in Asia, and one species that occurs both in Africa and Asia. In the…

Eudoxia was the tsarina and first wife of Peter I the Great of Russia. In 1689 she was given in marriage to Peter, a bridegroom of only 17. Endowed with beauty but lacking intelligence and ambition, she had little in common with the young tsar, whose chief interest was the mechanics of war. In 1698

Eudoxia was the wife of, and a powerful influence over, the Eastern Roman emperor Arcadius (reigned 383–408). Her father was a Frankish general in the Roman army and consul (385) named Bauto. The marriage (April 27, 395) of Arcadius to Eudoxia was arranged by Arcadius’ minister, the eunuch

Eudoxus of Cnidus was a Greek mathematician and astronomer who substantially advanced proportion theory, contributed to the identification of constellations and thus to the development of observational astronomy in the Greek world, and established the first sophisticated, geometrical model of

Eudoxus Of Cyzicus was a Greek navigator and explorer who made the first known attempt to circumnavigate Africa from western Europe. Following two successful voyages to India from the Red Sea for the king of Egypt, Ptolemy Euergetes II, he went to Gades, present-day Cádiz, Spain, where he outfitted

tinamou: Locomotion: The elegant crested tinamou (Eudromia elegans) of the open tableland of Argentina alternates periods of flapping with short glides. When flushed, forest species sometimes collide with branches and tree trunks and may injure themselves. If forced to make several flights in short succession, tinamous soon become…

penguin: Classification: Genus Eudyptes (crested penguins) 7 species: erect-crested, Fiordland, macaroni, northern rockhopper, southern rockhopper, royal, and Snares. Genus Spheniscus (black-footed, or jackass, penguins)

penguin: Locomotion and orientation: southern rockhopper (E. chrysocome), and Adélie penguins, move among rocks with agility, using the flippers for balance. On snow or ice, many penguins “toboggan,” sliding on the belly as they propel themselves with the feet and flippers. The flippers, along with the beak, are the…

penguin: Locomotion and orientation: southern rockhopper (E. chrysocome), and Adélie penguins, move among rocks with agility, using the flippers for balance. On snow or ice, many penguins “toboggan,” sliding on the belly as they propel themselves with the feet and flippers. The flippers, along with the beak, are the…

rockhopper penguin: chrysocome chrysocome), and an eastern group (E. chrysocome filholi). However, their geographic isolation from one another paired with the results of a study conducted in 2006 by French ecologist Pierre Jouventin, which noted several genetic and behavioral differences between E. chrysocome moseleyi, on one hand, and E. chrysocome chrysocome…

penguin: Locomotion and orientation: Some, such as the northern rockhopper (Eudyptes moseleyi), the southern rockhopper (E. chrysocome), and Adélie penguins, move among rocks with agility, using the flippers for balance. On snow or ice, many penguins “toboggan,” sliding on the belly as they propel themselves with the feet and

macaroni penguin, (Eudyptes chrysolophus), species of crested penguin (genus Eudyptes, order Sphenisciformes) characterized by a large reddish orange bill, a black face and chin, and a long crest of yellow-orange feathers that contrast with the black feathers on the head. The species is found on

penguin: Locomotion and orientation: Some, such as the northern rockhopper (Eudyptes moseleyi), the southern rockhopper (E. chrysocome), and Adélie penguins, move among rocks with agility, using the flippers for balance. On snow or ice, many penguins “toboggan,” sliding on the belly as they propel themselves with the feet and

Fiordland penguin, (Eudyptes pachyrhynchus), species of crested penguin (genus Eudyptes, order Sphenisciformes) characterized by a thick stripe of pale yellow feather plumes above each eye (the superciliary stripe) that extends from the bill to the rear of the head. The terminal ends of each of the

Snares penguin, (Eudyptes robustus), species of crested penguin (genus Eudyptes, order Sphenisciformes) characterized by plumes of yellow feathers that run above each eye (the superciliary stripe) and extend from the base of the bird’s cone-shaped bill to the back of the head. Compared with those

royal penguin, (Eudyptes schlegeli), species of crested penguin (genus Eudyptes, order Sphenisciformes) characterized by a large orange-coloured bill, a pale-coloured face, a black head, and a long crest of yellow-orange feathers that originates on the forehead and runs along the sides and top of

erect-crested penguin, (Eudyptes sclateri), species of crested penguin (genus Eudyptes, order Sphenisciformes) characterized by plumes of yellow feathers extending from the bill to the back of the head, running above each eye (the superciliary stripe); the plumes often stand fully upright at the

penguin: Classification: Genus Eudyptula (blue penguin) 1 species, also called little, or fairy, penguin. Genus Megadyptes (yellow-eyed penguin) 1 species.

blue penguin, (Eudyptula minor), species of penguin (order Sphenisciformes) characterized by its diminutive stature and pale blue to dark gray plumage. It is the smallest of all known penguin species, and it is the only species of the genus Eudyptula. There are, however, six subspecies: E. minor

Australian little penguin, (Eudyptula novaehollandiae), informal species of penguin inhabiting the coastal areas of Tasmania, Australia, and the Otago Peninsula region of New Zealand. It resembles the blue penguin (Eudyptula minor) in most respects; the plumage of the Australian little penguin is

Australian little penguin, (Eudyptula novaehollandiae), informal species of penguin inhabiting the coastal areas of Tasmania, Australia, and the Otago Peninsula region of New Zealand. It resembles the blue penguin (Eudyptula minor) in most respects; the plumage of the Australian little penguin is

Euhemerus was an author of a utopian work that was popular in the ancient world; his name was given to the theory that gods are great men worshipped after their death (i.e., Euhemerism). His most important work was Hiera Anagraphe (probably early 3rd century bc; “The Sacred Inscription”), which was

euergetism, in Greco-Roman antiquity, the phenomenon of elite benefaction to towns and communities through voluntary gifts, such as public buildings or endowments for various forms of festival or distribution. The phenomenon is regarded by many historians as critical to understanding how

Benghazi, city and major seaport of northeastern Libya, on the Gulf of Sidra. It was founded by the Greeks of Cyrenaica as Hesperides (Euesperides) and received from the Egyptian pharaoh Ptolemy III the additional name of Berenice in honour of his wife. After the 3rd century ce it superseded Cyrene

Eufaula, city, Barbour county, southeastern Alabama, U.S. It lies on the Chattahoochee River (dammed south of the city to form the Walter F. George Reservoir [or Lake Eufaula]), at the Georgia state line, about 90 miles (145 km) southeast of Montgomery. Settlers first arrived in the area, which was

Eufaula, city, seat (1907) of McIntosh county, east-central Oklahoma, U.S., near the confluence of the Canadian and North Canadian rivers, southwest of Muskogee. It originated as a Creek settlement and trading post and was named for a Creek town on the Chattahoochee River in Alabama called Yufala,

Eufaula: The Eufaula Dam (1964) on the Canadian River impounds one of the world’s largest man-made lakes, covering 102,500 acres (41,500 hectares). Lake Eufaula and the nearby Fountainhead and Arrowhead state parks have made the city the focus of a recreation area. Pop. (2000) 2,639; (2010) 2,813.

Swedish literature: The Middle Ages: …chivalry was first represented in Eufemiavisorna (“The Songs of Euphemia”), written in doggerel between 1303 and 1312, which includes a translation of French poet Chrétien de Troyes’s romance Yvain. Anonymous ballads probably dating from the 14th and 15th centuries also reflect a new interest in the romance genre. These ballads,…

ancient Italic people: Populations of central northern Italy and of the Alps: …Etruscans and the Veneti): the Euganei, inhabiting the plain and the Alpine foothills, and the Raeti, in the valleys of the Trentino and the Alto Adige. Minor peoples in the region belonged to one or the other of these stocks or to Ligurian stocks; with regard to many of these…

palm: Ecology: …in their crowns (Asterogyne martiana, Eugeissona minor, Pinanga ridleyana, and Daemonorops verticillaris), presumably trapping important nutrients. Some palms (Orbignya phalerata) contribute large amounts of dry matter, which, when recycled, adds to soil fertility.

palm: Distribution: Eugeissona utilis grows in dense local stands to the exclusion of other trees in the uplands of Borneo. The vegetation dominated by Prestoea montana is distinctive in the montane forests of the Caribbean. Many of these palms are economically useful, and their natural or seminatural…

Eugene, city, seat (1853) of Lane county, western Oregon, U.S., on the Willamette River, adjoining Springfield to the east. The area around what became Eugene was inhabited for several centuries by Kalapuya Indians. Settled by Eugene Skinner in 1846, the city was laid out on Willamette bottomland

Étienne Jodelle: In the prologue to Eugéne Jodelle explained his theory of comedy. It must deal with people of low or middle class because, he argued, among them can be found the crudity and ignorance that are the stuff of comedy. Tragedy, on the other hand, must have as its characters…

Saint Eugenius I ; feast day June 2) was the pope from 654 to 657. He was elected while his predecessor, Pope St. Martin I, was still alive in exile. Later, in a letter of September 655, Martin acknowledged Eugenius to be the legitimate pope. The Byzantine emperor Constans II Pogonatus urged

Eugenius II was the pope from 824 to 827. He was a cardinal priest when chosen as successor to St. Paschal I. In 824, Eugenius received the Holy Roman co-emperor Lothar I, who had come to Rome to issue the Constitutio Romana that affirmed imperial sovereignty over Rome, demanded an oath of fealty

Blessed Eugenius III ; beatified 1872) ; feast day July 8) was the pope from 1145 to 1153. Possibly a member of the family Paganelli di Montemagno, he was a disciple of St. Bernard of Clairvaux and a Cistercian abbot of the monastery of SS. Vincent and Anastasius when he was elected on February 15.

Eugenius IV was the pope from 1431 to 1447. Formerly an Augustinian monk, he was a cardinal when unanimously elected to succeed Martin V. His pontificate was dominated by his struggle with the Council (1431–37) of Basel, which assembled to effect church reform. When Eugenius sought to dissolve the

Edward George Earle Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Baron Lytton: In Eugene Aram, 3 vol. (1832), he made use of current fascination with criminals and the underworld. He turned to realism and the portrayal of English society in The Caxtons, 3 vol. (1849), and My Novel (1853). Bulwer-Lytton also published several volumes of poetry, a satirical…

Eugene of Savoy was a field marshal and statesman of the Carignan line of the House of Savoy, who, in the service of the Austrian Holy Roman emperor, made his name as one of the greatest soldiers of his generation. He fought notably against the Turks in central Europe and the Balkans (1683–88,

Eugene Onegin: of Aleksandr Pushkin’s masterpiece Eugene Onegin (1833). Onegin is the original superfluous man, a character type common in 19th-century Russian literature. He is a disillusioned aristocrat who is drawn into tragic situations through his inability or unwillingness to take positive action to prevent them.

Jonathan Miller: …most notably, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky’s Eugene Onegin. In 1978 Miller wrote The Body in Question, a 13-part series on the history of medicine and of attitudes toward the human body, for the British Broadcasting Company; it also became a best-selling book. He continued his association with opera and theatre, not…

Eugenia, large genus of chiefly tropical shrubs and trees of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae). The edible fruits of many species are commonly made into jam or jelly, and many species of Eugenia yield high-grade lumber. A number are widely used in the tropics and subtropics as ornamentals. Members of

clove, (Syzygium aromaticum), tropical evergreen tree of the family Myrtaceae and its small, reddish-brown flower buds used as a spice. Cloves were important in the earliest spice trade and are thought to be indigenous to the Moluccas, or Spice Islands, of Indonesia. Strong in aroma and hot and

Myrtales: Characteristic morphological features: In E. paniculata, up to 21 embryos have been found in a seed, and it is unusual for there to be only one.

Eugenia: Major species: …Surinam, or Brazilian, cherry (Eugenia uniflora), native to eastern South America. The plant is often grown as a privacy hedge and for its edible fruits, which range in flavour from tart to sweet. The rainforest plum (E. candolleana) and uvaia, or uvalha (E. pyriformis), both of Brazil, are also…

eugenics, the selection of desired heritable characteristics in order to improve future generations, typically in reference to humans. The term eugenics was coined in 1883 by British explorer and natural scientist Francis Galton, who, influenced by Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection,

eugenics: Eugenics organizations and legislation: In the United States, the Eugenics Record Office (ERO) was opened at Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, New York, in 1910 with financial support from the legacy of railroad magnate Edward Henry Harriman. Whereas ERO efforts were officially overseen by Charles B. Davenport, director of the Station for Experimental Study…

Markos Eugenikos was a Greek Orthodox metropolitan of Ephesus (near modern Selçuk, Tur.) and theologian who led the anti-unionist party in the Eastern Orthodox Church following the Council of Florence, Italy (1439). After a classical and theological education under tutors antagonistic to Rome,

Jeffrey Eugenides is an American novelist and short-story writer who has earned acclaim as a gifted storyteller, known for his versatility, compassion, and ability to create vivid worlds. He often explores themes involving coming of age and self-discovery, perhaps most notably in his novel

Jeffrey Eugenides is an American novelist and short-story writer who has earned acclaim as a gifted storyteller, known for his versatility, compassion, and ability to create vivid worlds. He often explores themes involving coming of age and self-discovery, perhaps most notably in his novel

Eugénie was the wife of Napoleon III and empress of France (1853–70), who came to have an important influence on her husband’s foreign policy. The daughter of a Spanish noble who fought on the French side during Napoleon I’s Peninsular War in Spain, Eugénie went to Paris when Louis-Napoléon became

Eugénie Grandet, novel by Honoré de Balzac, first published in 1833 (revised edition, 1839). When Balzac later grouped many of his novels into schema in his multivolume La Comédie humaine (1834–37), Eugénie Grandet was included among the “scenes of provincial life” under the category “Studies of

Markos Eugenikos was a Greek Orthodox metropolitan of Ephesus (near modern Selçuk, Tur.) and theologian who led the anti-unionist party in the Eastern Orthodox Church following the Council of Florence, Italy (1439). After a classical and theological education under tutors antagonistic to Rome,

Arbogast: Proclaiming Eugenius, a professor of rhetoric, as emperor in the West, Arbogast—who admired the Roman Republic and despised the quarrels between Roman Catholic and Arian Christians—set about restoring paganism. In the winter of 393–394, he conducted a successful campaign against the Ripuarian Franks, the Chamavi, and…

Saint Eugenius I ; feast day June 2) was the pope from 654 to 657. He was elected while his predecessor, Pope St. Martin I, was still alive in exile. Later, in a letter of September 655, Martin acknowledged Eugenius to be the legitimate pope. The Byzantine emperor Constans II Pogonatus urged

Eugenius II was the pope from 824 to 827. He was a cardinal priest when chosen as successor to St. Paschal I. In 824, Eugenius received the Holy Roman co-emperor Lothar I, who had come to Rome to issue the Constitutio Romana that affirmed imperial sovereignty over Rome, demanded an oath of fealty

Blessed Eugenius III ; beatified 1872) ; feast day July 8) was the pope from 1145 to 1153. Possibly a member of the family Paganelli di Montemagno, he was a disciple of St. Bernard of Clairvaux and a Cistercian abbot of the monastery of SS. Vincent and Anastasius when he was elected on February 15.

Eugenius IV was the pope from 1431 to 1447. Formerly an Augustinian monk, he was a cardinal when unanimously elected to succeed Martin V. His pontificate was dominated by his struggle with the Council (1431–37) of Basel, which assembled to effect church reform. When Eugenius sought to dissolve the

Trabzon: History: Andrew the Apostle; Eugenius, its patron saint, was martyred under the Roman emperor Diocletian (reigned 284–305). In the 9th century the city was made the capital of a new military province of Chaldia.

Laurales: Lauraceae: Eugenol, an oil distilled from the green leaves, is used as a substitute for clove oil, as an ingredient in some perfumes, and as a flavouring for sweets, foods, and toothpaste. Camphor is derived from Cinnamomum camphora, the camphor tree, of China, Taiwan, and Japan.…

geosyncline: …or processes, were deposited in eugeosynclines, the outer, deepwater segment of geosynclines. The occurrence of limestones and well-sorted quartzose sandstones, on the other hand, is considered to be evidence of shallow-water formation, and such rocks form in the inner segment of a geosyncline, termed a miogeosyncline.

conservation: Pacific island birds: …so forth, a predatory snail, Euglandina rosea, was released to control the Achatina. The predatory snail preferred native Achatinella and Partula snails instead, driving many species to extinction.

conservation: Pacific island birds: …forth, a predatory snail, Euglandina rosea, was released to control the Achatina. The predatory snail preferred native Achatinella and Partula snails instead, driving many species to extinction.

Euglena, genus of more than 1,000 species of single-celled flagellated (i.e., having a whiplike appendage) microorganisms that feature both plant and animal characteristics. Found worldwide, Euglena live in fresh and brackish water rich in organic matter and can also be found in moist soils. As

protozoan: Annotated classification: Euglenida Pellicle strips convey a unique type of motility called euglenid metaboly; tubular extrusomes have been reduced to mucocysts between pellicle strips. Kinetoplastea Contain a kinetoplast, a large and distinctive mass of DNA in the mitochondrion. The 2 major groups are the bodontids, which include…

protozoan: Annotated classification: Euglenozoa Paraxial rod associated with at least 1 flagellum and 2 functional basal bodies, each with a corresponding flagellum; tubular extrusomes, analogous to alveolate ejectile organelles, and discoidal mitochondrial cristae similar to other groups of protists. Contains autotrophic and heterotrophic taxa. Positioned within Excavata on…

algae: Annotated classification: Class Euglenophyceae Chlorophylls a and b; paramylon stored outside chloroplasts; mitochondria with paddle-shaped cristae; flagella lack tubular hairs, but some with hairlike scales; pellicle covering of sliding sheets allows cells to change shape; approximately 1,000 described species; includes Colacium, Euglena

algae: Annotated classification: Division Euglenophyta Taxonomy is contentious. Primarily unicellular flagellates; both photosynthetic and heterotrophic. Class Euglenophyceae Chlorophylls a and b; paramylon stored outside chloroplasts; mitochondria with paddle-shaped cristae; flagella lack tubular hairs, but some with hairlike scales; pellicle covering of sliding sheets

protozoan: Annotated classification: Euglenozoa Paraxial rod associated with at least 1 flagellum and 2 functional basal bodies, each with a corresponding flagellum; tubular extrusomes, analogous to alveolate ejectile organelles, and discoidal mitochondrial cristae similar to other groups of protists. Contains autotrophic and heterotrophic taxa. Positioned within Excavata on…

globulin: …be further divided into the euglobulins and the pseudoglobulins. The former group is insoluble in water but soluble in saline solutions and may be precipitated in water that has been half-saturated with a salt such as ammonium sulfate. The latter group is soluble in water and has properties that resemble…

euglossine bee: About half the Euglossini are Euglossa species, and the females live in small nests that house either a mother with daughters or all sisters. They neither make nor store honey, and they have no queen.

euglossine bee, (tribe Euglossini), any of a large group of brightly coloured bees important to the ecology of New World tropical forests. Colour combinations include metallic blues, greens, and bronzes. They are noted for their long tongues and their role in the pollination of over 700 species of

euglossine bee, (tribe Euglossini), any of a large group of brightly coloured bees important to the ecology of New World tropical forests. Colour combinations include metallic blues, greens, and bronzes. They are noted for their long tongues and their role in the pollination of over 700 species of

Gubbio, town, Umbria regione of central Italy, lying at the foot of Mount Ingino, just northeast of Perugia. Gubbio (medieval Eugubium) grew up on the ruins of Iguvium, an ancient Umbrian town that later became an ally of Rome and a Roman municipium; the Roman theatre is the chief relic of the

igneous rock: Fabric: …faces can be described as euhedral or panidiomorphic (fully crystal-faced), subhedral or hypidiomorphic (partly faced), or anhedral or allotriomorphic (no external crystal faces). Quite apart from the presence or absence of crystal faces, the shape, or habit, of individual mineral grains is described by such terms as equant, tabular, platy,…

Euhemerus: , Euhemerism). His most important work was Hiera Anagraphe (probably early 3rd century bc; “The Sacred Inscription”), which was translated into Latin by the poet Ennius (239–169 bc). Only fragments survive of both the original Greek and the Latin translation.

Quintus Ennius: Euhemerus, based on the ideas of Euhemerus of Messene, argued that the Olympian gods were originally great men honoured after death in human memory. Some epigrams, on himself and Scipio Africanus, are the first Latin elegiac couplets.

Euhemerus was an author of a utopian work that was popular in the ancient world; his name was given to the theory that gods are great men worshipped after their death (i.e., Euhemerism). His most important work was Hiera Anagraphe (probably early 3rd century bc; “The Sacred Inscription”), which was

Benghazi, city and major seaport of northeastern Libya, on the Gulf of Sidra. It was founded by the Greeks of Cyrenaica as Hesperides (Euesperides) and received from the Egyptian pharaoh Ptolemy III the additional name of Berenice in honour of his wife. After the 3rd century ce it superseded Cyrene

eukaryote, any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus. The eukaryotic cell has a nuclear membrane that surrounds the nucleus, in which the well-defined chromosomes (bodies containing the hereditary material) are located. Eukaryotic cells also contain organelles, including

eukaryote, any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus. The eukaryotic cell has a nuclear membrane that surrounds the nucleus, in which the well-defined chromosomes (bodies containing the hereditary material) are located. Eukaryotic cells also contain organelles, including