T. Gwynn Jones: …an ideal community; and “Cynddilig,” a bitter protest against war written in the style of the Llywarch Hen cycle. His translations of Goethe’s Faust (1922) and his collection of Greek poems and Latin epigrams, Blodau o Hen Ardd (1927; “Flowers from an Ancient Garden”), with H.J. Rose, are considered…

Marcus Aurelius Olympius Nemesianus: …incomplete poem on hunting (Cynegetica). Two small fragments on bird catching (De aucupio) are also generally attributed to him. The four eclogues are in the Virgilian tradition and are also influenced by Calpurnius. They are purely imitative and of conventional form and imagery, yet they are attractive because of…

Cynegils was the king of the West Saxons, or Wessex, in England and the first to be converted to Christianity. With his son Cwichelm (d. 636), Cynegils defeated the advancing Britons at Bampton in Oxfordshire in 614, and Cwichelm sought to arrest the growing power of the Northumbrian king Eadwine

Cynewulf was an author of four Old English poems preserved in late 10th-century manuscripts. Elene and The Fates of the Apostles are in the Vercelli Book, and The Ascension (which forms the second part of a trilogy, Christ, and is also called Christ II) and Juliana are in the Exeter Book. An

Cynewulf was the king of the West Saxons, or Wessex, in England who succeeded to the throne following the deposition of Sigebert. Cynewulf was constantly at war with the Welsh. In 779, Offa of Mercia defeated him and took Bensington. In 785, he was surprised and killed, with all his thanes present,

cynghanedd, Welsh poetic device. It is a complicated system of alliteration and internal rhyme, obligatory in the 24 strict metres of Welsh bardic verse. Cynghanedd had developed by the 13th century from the prosodic devices of the early bards and was formally codified at the Caerwys Eisteddfod

Cynic, member of a Greek philosophical sect that flourished from the 4th century bce to well into the Common Era, distinguished as much for its unconventional way of life as for its rejection of traditional social and political arrangements, professing instead a cosmopolitan utopia and communal

Cynic, member of a Greek philosophical sect that flourished from the 4th century bce to well into the Common Era, distinguished as much for its unconventional way of life as for its rejection of traditional social and political arrangements, professing instead a cosmopolitan utopia and communal

meerkat: The yellow mongoose (Cynictis penicillata), sometimes called the red meerkat, sometimes shares warrens with meerkats and is intermediate in form between meerkats and other mongooses. It has four toes on the hind feet but five on the forefeet, larger ears, and a bushy coat and tail.

gall wasp, (family Cynipidae), any of about 1,300 species of small wasps that are notable for their ability to stimulate the growth of galls (tissue swellings) on plants. Some gall wasp species are gall inquilines, meaning they do not cause the formation of galls but inhabit those made by other

gall wasp, (family Cynipidae), any of about 1,300 species of small wasps that are notable for their ability to stimulate the growth of galls (tissue swellings) on plants. Some gall wasp species are gall inquilines, meaning they do not cause the formation of galls but inhabit those made by other

Hymenoptera: Annotated classification: Superfamily Cynipoidea (gall wasps and relatives) Mostly small or minute gall-forming insects; usually black; some parasitic. Family Ibaliidae (ibaliids) Mostly 7–16 mm long; uncommon; parasites on horntails. Family Liopteridae (liopterids) Few species; rather

flying lemur: …or Sunda, flying lemur (Galeopterus variegatus), ranges from Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia and southward along the Malay Peninsula to the islands of Sumatra, Borneo, and Java. Adults of both species can grow as large as 42 cm (16.5 inches) in body length, with a tail that extends an additional…

flying lemur: The Philippine flying lemur (Cynocephalus volans) inhabits several of the southerly islands in the Philippines, including Bohol, Samar, and Mindanao. The Malayan, or Sunda, colugo, also called Malayan, or Sunda, flying lemur (Galeopterus variegatus), ranges from Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia and

dog: Ancestry: …into the first true dog—namely, Cynodictis. This was a medium-size animal, longer than it was tall, with a long tail and a fairly brushy coat. Over the millennia Cynodictis gave rise to two branches, one in Africa and the other in Eurasia. The Eurasian branch was called Tomarctus and is…

Bermuda grass, (Cynodon dactylon), perennial turfgrass of the family Poaceae, native to the Mediterranean region. Bermuda grass is used in warm regions around the world as a lawn and pasture grass and for golf greens. It is considered an invasive species in Bermuda and various other places outside

cynodont, (clade Cynodontia), any of a group of mammal-like reptiles of the order Therapsida that existed from the Late Permian to the Early Cretaceous Epoch (259.5 million to 100.5 million years ago). Fossil evidence suggests that mammals evolved from cynodont stock early in the Jurassic Period

cynodont, (clade Cynodontia), any of a group of mammal-like reptiles of the order Therapsida that existed from the Late Permian to the Early Cretaceous Epoch (259.5 million to 100.5 million years ago). Fossil evidence suggests that mammals evolved from cynodont stock early in the Jurassic Period

ostariophysan: Annotated classification: Family Cynodontidae (cynodontids) Large mouth, large canine teeth, long anal fin. Carnivorous, food fishes that inhabit South America. To about 65 cm (26 inches). 5 genera, 14 species. Family Acestrorhynchidae (acestrorhynchids) Elongate, pikelike. South America. 1 genus, 15 species. Family Crenuchidae (South

ostariophysan: Annotated classification: Family Cynodontidae (cynodontids) Large mouth, large canine teeth, long anal fin. Carnivorous, food fishes that inhabit South America. To about 65 cm (26 inches). 5 genera, 14 species. Family Acestrorhynchidae (acestrorhynchids) Elongate, pikelike. South America. 1 genus, 15 species. Family Crenuchidae (South

civet: The Sunda otter civet (Cynogale bennetti), the African civet (Civettictis civetta), and the rare Congo water civet (Genetta piscivora) are semiaquatic. Civets feed on small animals and on vegetable matter. Their litters usually consist of two or three young.

tonguefish, any of the small marine flatfishes of the family Cynoglossidae, found in the tropics, especially in Asia. Tonguefish are flattened, drop-shaped flatfish with small eyes, both on the left side of the head, and with long dorsal and anal fins that join with the tail fin. Most tonguefish

hound’s-tongue, any of 75 species of the plant genus Cynoglossum, in the family Boraginaceae, including the bright-blue-flowered Chinese forget-me-not (C. amabile), native in mostly temperate areas of the New World and Old World. They are named for their usually rough, tongue-shaped leaves. Two

hound’s-tongue: …family Boraginaceae, including the bright-blue-flowered Chinese forget-me-not (C. amabile), native in mostly temperate areas of the New World and Old World. They are named for their usually rough, tongue-shaped leaves.

hound’s-tongue: officinale and C. germanicum, are widespread along roadsides and in dry soils, the former naturalized in North America. They are 60 to 90 cm (2 to 3 feet) tall and produce curving sprays of small, five-lobed blooms and sticktight clusters of spined seeds.

hound’s-tongue: …purplish-red-flowered, European species of hound’s-tongue, C. officinale and C. germanicum, are widespread along roadsides and in dry soils, the former naturalized in North America. They are 60 to 90 cm (2 to 3 feet) tall and produce curving sprays of small, five-lobed blooms and sticktight clusters of spined seeds.

Cynognathus, genus of extinct advanced therapsids (mammals and their relatives) found as fossils in Lower Triassic deposits (251 million to 245.9 million years ago) in South Africa and South America. Cynognathus is representative of the Theriodontia, a group of cynodont therapsids that gave rise to

Ituri Forest: Plant and animal life: There, Cynometra alexandrii and Brachystegia laurentii, which together comprise less than 40 percent of the canopy, are interspersed with numerous other tall species (e.g., Albizia, Celtis, and Ficus).

cloning: Early cloning experiments: …of two clones of the crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis), the first primate clones using the SCNT process. (SCNT has been carried out with very limited success in humans, in part because of problems with human egg cells resulting from the mother’s age and environmental factors.)

prairie dog, (genus Cynomys), any of five species of burrowing, colony-forming squirrels that inhabit plains, high plateaus, and montane valleys in North America. Their short, coarse fur is grizzled yellowish buff to reddish or rich cinnamon. Prairie dogs have a short tail, small rounded ears, and

prairie dog: … from Canada to northern Mexico; Gunnison’s prairie dog (Cynomys gunnisoni) occurs where Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah meet; the white-tailed prairie dog (C. leucurus) is found from eastern Wyoming through intermontane Rocky Mountain valleys to the eastern margin of the Great Basin; the Utah prairie dog (C. parvidens) is…

prairie dog: …Mexico, and Utah meet; the white-tailed prairie dog (C. leucurus) is found from eastern Wyoming through intermontane Rocky Mountain valleys to the eastern margin of the Great Basin; the Utah prairie dog (C. parvidens) is restricted to the southern part of that state; and the Mexican prairie dog (C. mexicanus)…

Chihuahuan Desert: Flora and fauna: …the Chihuahuan Desert is the black-tailed prairie dog: The desert is home to the largest prairie dog colony in North America. Other mammals that inhabit the desert include the pronghorn, cactus mouse, kit fox, desert pocket gopher, mule deer, mountain lion, and the rare Mexican long-nosed bat.

prairie dog: ludovicianus) and Mexican (C. mexicanus) species live in large, dense colonies that early explorers described as “towns.” Colonies are divided by topographic and vegetational features into semidiscrete wards formed from smaller extended family groups, or coteries. Colonies usually cover about 100 hectares (247 acres), but the largest…

prairie dog: …of the Great Basin; the Utah prairie dog (C. parvidens) is restricted to the southern part of that state; and the Mexican prairie dog (C. mexicanus) occurs in northern Mexico.

Caudata: Annotated classification: …Taricha in North America, and Cynops in Japan) and about 120 species. There is disagreement concerning the classification of salamanders below the ordinal level. Some authorities recognize no suborders, and some separate the genus Necturus into the family Necturidae, distinct from the Proteidae. Molecular data (nucleic acid

Cynoscephalae, (Greek: “Dogs’ Heads”), ancient range of hills in Thessaly, Greece, 7 miles (11 km) west of modern Vólos. It was the site of the victory (197 bc) that ended the Second Macedonian War when the Romans under Titus Quinctius Flamininus defeated Philip V of Macedon. The combat engaged

Battle of Cynoscephalae, (197 bce), conclusive engagement of the Second Macedonian War, in which Roman general Titus Quinctius Flamininus checked the territorial ambitions of Philip V of Macedonia and bolstered Roman influence in the Greek world. Hoping to capitalize on the gains he had made during

weakfish, (genus Cynoscion), any member of a group of fishes in the croaker family, Sciaenidae (order Perciformes). A half dozen species inhabit the coastal regions of North America. The weakfish (Cynoscion regalis) is a marine sport fish but is usually less than 60 cm (2 feet) long. Much larger

weakfish: The spotted sea trout (C. nebulosus), found along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts of Florida, is slightly smaller than the weakfish. Although the sea trouts are similar to the true trouts (order Salmoniformes) in appearance, the two groups are not related.

weakfish: The weakfish (Cynoscion regalis) is a marine sport fish but is usually less than 60 cm (2 feet) long. Much larger specimens have been caught on occasion. The term weakfish refers to their delicate mouths, which are easily torn by fishhooks. Weakfish are also caught commercially along…

Cynric was the king of the West Saxons, or Wessex (from 534). By some accounts he also reigned jointly (519–534) with his grandfather (or father?), Cerdic, founder of Wessex. The period was apparently one of consolidating gains climaxed by the Battle of Mount Badon (520) rather than a period of

Sextus Propertius: It was known as the Cynthia and also as the Monobiblos because it was for a long time afterward sold separately from his other three books. Complete editions of all four books were also available. Cynthia seems to have had an immediate success, for the influential literary patron Maecenas invited…

Robert Z. Leonard: Later films: Cynthia (1947), from a Viña Delmar play, was little more than an excuse for the young Elizabeth Taylor to get her first screen kiss, while B.F.’s Daughter (1948) was a static adaptation of the J.P. Marquand novel, starring Barbara Stanwyck and Van Heflin. The Bribe…

saturniid moth: Major species: The caterpillar of the cynthia moth (Samia cynthia or walkeri), also known as the ailanthus silk moth, native to Asia and introduced into North America, feeds chiefly on leaves of the ailanthus tree and the castor oil plant. The olive green adult has a distinctive pattern of crescents on…

Ben Jonson: Theatrical career: …experiment; for them Jonson wrote Cynthia’s Revels (c. 1600) and Poetaster (1601). Even in these, however, there is the paradox of contempt for human behaviour hand in hand with a longing for human order.

Giambattista Giraldi was an Italian poet and dramatist who wrote the first modern tragedy on classical principles to appear on the Italian stage (Orbecche), and who was one of the first writers of tragicomedy. He studied under Celio Calcagnini and succeeded him in the chair of rhetoric at Ferrara

Cynewulf was an author of four Old English poems preserved in late 10th-century manuscripts. Elene and The Fates of the Apostles are in the Vercelli Book, and The Ascension (which forms the second part of a trilogy, Christ, and is also called Christ II) and Juliana are in the Exeter Book. An

Catholic Youth Organization (CYO), an agency of the Roman Catholic Church organized at the level of the diocese and serving youth in its religious, recreational, cultural, and social needs. The first Catholic Youth Organization (CYO), a boys’ athletic program, was founded in Chicago in 1930 by

multiple sclerosis: Suspected causes of multiple sclerosis: …in a gene known as CYP27B1 that result in reduced vitamin D levels in the body. The inheritance of one copy (from one parent) of the mutated gene is sufficient to produce MS (inheritance of two copies, one from each parent, causes vitamin D-dependent rickets I, or pseudo-vitamin D-deficiency rickets).…

Cyperaceae, sedge family of monocotyledonous flowering plants, a division of the order Poales. The Cyperaceae are grasslike herbaceous plants found especially in wet regions throughout the world. The Cyperaceae, among the 10 largest families of flowering plants, contain about 5,000 species and,

Cyperaceae: Evolution and classification: The Cyperoideae, the largest subfamily including about 70 genera and 2,400 species, has usually perfect flowers in simple spikes with often numerous spirally arranged or two-ranked scales. The Caricoideae, the next largest subfamily, has 2,100 species dispersed among only 5 genera and is characterized by unisexual…

Cyperaceae: Distribution and abundance: …photograph), with about 2,000 species; Cyperus, with nearly 650 species; Rhynchospora (beak rushes), with roughly 250 species; and Fimbristylis, Eleocharis (spike rushes), and Scleria (nut rushes), each with about 200 species. Other large genera are Bulbostylis, with approximately 100 species; Schoenus, also with about 100 species; and Mapania, with up…

umbrella plant: …alternifolius (family Cyperaceae), also called umbrella palm and umbrella sedge, is widely cultivated in water gardens and as a potted plant. It grows up to 1 m (3 feet) high. Native to Madagascar, Réunion, and Mauritius, it is widely naturalized in the tropics and subtropics.

groundnut: Cyperus esculentus, nut sedge or yellow nut grass, is a papyrus relative (family Cyperaceae) that also bears edible tubers, especially in the variety called chufa or earth almond.

groundnut: …especially in the variety called chufa or earth almond.

papyrus: The dwarf papyrus (C. isocladus, also given as C. papyrus ‘Nanus’), up to 60 cm tall, is sometimes potted and grown indoors.

papyrus: …ancient times and also the plant from which it was derived, Cyperus papyrus (family Cyperaceae), also called paper plant. The papyrus plant was long cultivated in the Nile delta region in Egypt and was collected for its stalk or stem, whose central pith was cut into thin strips, pressed together,…

papyrus: The dwarf papyrus (C. isocladus, also given as C. papyrus ‘Nanus’), up to 60 cm tall, is sometimes potted and grown indoors.

Melissa Etheridge: …Etheridge’s relationship with film director Julie Cypher became a matter of public record. The couple, who had been together since 1990, appeared on the cover of Newsweek magazine in 1996, and in 2000 they revealed in an article in Rolling Stone that musician David Crosby had supplied the sperm for…

moss animal: Reproduction: …triangular, bivalved larvae, known as cyphonautes, which for several weeks live among, and feed on, plankton. Larvae from brood chambers and cyphonautes metamorphose in a similar way; i.e., both locate a suitable surface and explore it with sensory cilia. Attachment is achieved by flattening a sticky holdfast, which pulls the…

virus: Annotated classification: …in mammals, including humans), and Cypovirus (prototype causes cytoplasmic polyhedrosis disease in insects). Assorted Referencescell-mediated immunitychromosomesdiscovery

cowrie, any of several marine snails of the subclass Prosobranchia (class Gastropoda) comprising the genus Cypraea, family Cypraeidae. The humped, thick shell is beautifully coloured (often speckled) and glossy; the apertural lips, which open into the first whorl in the shell, are inrolled and may

cowrie: The 10-centimetre (4-inch) golden cowrie (C. aurantium) was traditionally worn by royalty in Pacific Islands, and the money cowrie (C. moneta), a 2.5-centimetre (1-inch) yellow species, has served as currency in Africa and elsewhere.

cowrie: …in Pacific Islands, and the money cowrie (C. moneta), a 2.5-centimetre (1-inch) yellow species, has served as currency in Africa and elsewhere.

gastropod: Classification: Superfamily Cypraeacea Cowrie shells (Cypraeidae) and egg shells (Ovulidae) have highly polished and brilliantly coloured shells; mantle, which may cover the shell, is a totally different colour pattern; if touched, members of group suddenly withdraw, the change in colour serving to confuse predators; common in shallow…

gastropod: Classification: Cypraeacea Cowrie shells (Cypraeidae) and egg shells (Ovulidae) have highly polished and brilliantly coloured shells; mantle, which may cover the shell, is a totally different colour pattern; if touched, members of group suddenly withdraw, the change in colour serving to confuse predators; common in shallow tropical oceans, some…

Michel del Castillo: …Sortilege espagnol (1977; “Spanish Sorcery”), Les Cyprès meurent en Italie (1979; “The Cypresses Die in Italy”), La Nuit du décret (1981; “The Night of the Decree”), Une Femme en soi (1991; “A Woman Herself”), Le Crime des pères (1993; “The Fathers’ Crime”), Mon frère l’idiot (1995; “My Brother, the Idiot”),…

cypress, any of 12 species of ornamental and timber evergreen conifers constituting the genus Cupressus of the family Cupressaceae, distributed throughout warm-temperate and subtropical regions of Asia, Europe, and North America. Many resinous, aromatic evergreen trees called cypress belong to

Winter Haven: Cypress Gardens, just southeast of the city, is Florida’s first theme park (1936). It is noted for its botanical gardens and water ski show, as well as for light shows, a butterfly conservatory, and an aviary. Other attractions include the Water Ski Museum and Hall…

Cypress Hills, isolated range in southeastern Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada, extending for 100 miles (160 km) in an east-west direction, north of the Montana, U.S., border. Rising to 4,816 feet (1,468 m—the highest point in Saskatchewan), the hills are the most prominent relief in

cypress pine, (genus Callitris), genus of 15 species of coniferous shrubs and trees in the cypress family (Cupressaceae). Cypress pines are native to Australasia and grow best in arid localities. The wood is often attractively marked and is resistant to termite attack. Tannin, sandarac resin, and

spurge: Major species: …ornamentals of temperate climes include: cypress spurge (E. cyparissias), from Europe, a globe-shaped plant with needlelike foliage that is covered with golden bracts in spring; Mediterranean spurge (E. characias, subspecies wulfenii), from Europe, 0.9 to 1.2 metres (3 to 4 feet) tall with greenish yellow heads on bluish foliage; cushion…

cypress vine, (Ipomoea quamoclit), tropical American twining climber naturalized in southern North America. It has star-shaped scarlet, pink, or white blooms amid deep green, deeply lobed leaves. It is a member of the morning glory family (Convolvulaceae) and is an annual. The closely related star

José María Gironella: …cipreses creen en Dios (1953; The Cypresses Believe in God), in which the conflicts within a family portrayed in the novel symbolize the dissension that overtook the people of Spain during the years preceding the Spanish Civil War of 1936–39. The book, which won the National Prize for Literature, was…

Saint Cyprian ; feast day September 16) was the metropolitan of Moscow in 1381–82 and 1390–1406. Educated in Greece, Cyprian was appointed by Constantinople to be metropolitan of Kiev and Lithuania in 1375 and then of Moscow in 1381. In 1382 Cyprian was forced into exile by the prince of Moscow,

St. Cyprian was an early Christian theologian and bishop of Carthage who led the Christians of North Africa during a period of persecution from Rome. Upon his execution he became the first bishop-martyr of Africa. Cyprian was born of wealthy pagan parents and was educated in law. He practiced as a

barnacle: …stages precede formation of a cypris—a nonfeeding larval stage (see video). The cypris has a bivalved shell of chitin (a hard protein substance), cement glands on the antennules (first antennae), and a series of thoracic legs used for swimming. The cypris eventually cements itself to a hard substrate (or invades…

bioluminescence: The range and variety of bioluminescent organisms: hilgendorfii (or C. hilgendorfii), found in the coastal waters and sands of Japan. That tiny, shelled organism, which ejects a blue luminous secretion into the water when disturbed, may be collected and dried for the light-emitting components, which are active indefinitely.

ostariophysan: Annotated classification: Family Cyprinidae (minnows, goldfish, bitterlings, barbs, and carps) Pharyngeal teeth in 1 to 3 rows. Some with 1 or 2 pairs of small barbels. Food habits variable. Food fishes of sport and commercial value; aquarium fishes. Size 2.5–250 cm (1 inch to more than 8 feet).…

fish: Annotated classification: Order Cypriniformes (carps and minnows) Pharyngeal teeth, mouth toothless, protractile. Adipose fin rarely present. About 3,270 species. A few North Asian forms enter the sea. Worldwide in fresh water except South America, Antarctica and Australia. Paleocene to present. Order Siluriformes (

Death Valley: Plant and animal life: Several species of pupfish of the genus Cyprinodon live in Salt Creek and other permanent bodies of water; the highly endangered Devils Hole pupfish (C. diabolis) lives in a single desert pool.

Death Valley: Plant and animal life: …of water; the highly endangered Devils Hole pupfish (C. diabolis) lives in a single desert pool.

killifish, any of a few hundred species of usually elongated fishes of the family Cyprinodontidae (order Atheriniformes), found worldwide, especially in the tropics of Africa and the New World. They inhabit brackish, salt, and fresh water, including certain desert hot springs. Killifish grow, at

killifish, any of a few hundred species of usually elongated fishes of the family Cyprinodontidae (order Atheriniformes), found worldwide, especially in the tropics of Africa and the New World. They inhabit brackish, salt, and fresh water, including certain desert hot springs. Killifish grow, at

fish: Annotated classification: Order Cyprinodontiformes (killifishes and live-bearers) Symmetrical caudal skeleton with single epural mirroring autogenous parhypural; 1st pleural rib on the 2nd, rather than the 3rd vertebra. 9 families, with about 109 genera and at least 1,000 species. Freshwater and coastal marine. Order Beloniformes

carp, widely, any of several fish species classified in the genus Cyprinus in the family Cyprinidae but usually, and narrowly, the common, or European, carp (Cyprinus carpio) and its close relatives within the genus Cyprinus. The carp is a hardy greenish brown fish. It is native to Eurasia but has

Cypriot syllabary, system of writing used on the island of Cyprus, chiefly from the 6th to the 3rd century bc. The syllabary consists of 56 signs, each of which represents a different syllable. Most inscriptions written with this syllabary are in the Greek language, although the syllabary was

lady’s slipper, (subfamily Cypripedioideae), subfamily of five genera of orchids (family Orchidaceae), in which the lip of the flower is slipper-shaped. Lady’s slippers are found throughout Eurasia and the Americas, and some species are cultivated. Lady’s slipper orchids are usually terrestrial,

lady’s slipper: Genera: The genus Cypripedium has about 50 temperate and subtropical species, most of which are terrestrial. One well-known species is the yellow lady’s slipper (C. calceolus). Another is the pink lady’s slipper (C. acaule), also known as the moccasin flower. Most species have one or two flowers on…

lady’s slipper: Genera: Another is the pink lady’s slipper (C. acaule), also known as the moccasin flower. Most species have one or two flowers on a stem about 30 to 60 cm (12 to 24 inches) tall.

lady’s slipper: Genera: One well-known species is the yellow lady’s slipper (C. calceolus). Another is the pink lady’s slipper (C. acaule), also known as the moccasin flower. Most species have one or two flowers on a stem about 30 to 60 cm (12 to 24 inches) tall.

barnacle: …stages precede formation of a cypris—a nonfeeding larval stage (see video). The cypris has a bivalved shell of chitin (a hard protein substance), cement glands on the antennules (first antennae), and a series of thoracic legs used for swimming. The cypris eventually cements itself to a hard substrate (or invades…

Cypriot syllabary: …development of the still undeciphered Cypro-Minoan script (containing 63 syllabic symbols), which was found on a number of clay tablets from Cyprus and Syria and dates from about 1500 to about 1100 bc. The Cypro-Minoan script in turn is thought to be a distant offshoot of the early Cretan scripts…

Phoenician alphabet: …Phoenician alphabet, are classified as Cypro-Phoenician (10th–2nd century bce) and Sardinian (c. 9th century bce) varieties. A third variety of the colonial Phoenician script evolved into the Punic and neo-Punic alphabets of Carthage, which continued to be written until about the 3rd century ce. Punic was a monumental script and…

steroid: Antiandrogens and antiestrogens: Other antiandrogens are cyproterone (27) and A-nortestosterone and A-norprogesterone and their derivatives.

Christopher Hitchens: …wrote Cyprus (1984; reissued as Hostage to History: Cyprus from the Ottomans to Kissinger, 1989), an analysis of the role of imperial powers in the 1974 conflicts in Cyprus, and The Elgin Marbles: Should They Be Returned to Greece? (1987).

Cyprus, island in the eastern Mediterranean Sea renowned since ancient times for its mineral wealth, superb wines and produce, and natural beauty. A “golden-green leaf thrown into the Sea” and a land of “wild weather and volcanoes,” in the words of the Greek Cypriot poet Leonidas Malenis, Cyprus

cedar: atlantica), the Cyprus cedar (C. brevifolia), the deodar (C. deodara), and the cedar of Lebanon (C. libani) are the true cedars. They are tall trees with large trunks and massive, irregular heads of spreading branches. Young trees are covered with smooth, dark-gray bark that becomes brown, fissured,…

Cyprus: British rule: The Cyprus Convention of 1878 between Britain and Turkey provided that Cyprus, while remaining under Turkish sovereignty, should be administered by the British government. Britain’s aim in occupying Cyprus was to secure a base in the eastern Mediterranean for possible operations in the Caucasus or Mesopotamia…