bismuth: Commercial production and uses: An alternative separation, the Betts process, involves electrolytic refining of lead bullion (containing bismuth and other impurities) in a solution of lead fluosilicate and free fluosilicic acid, bismuth being recovered from the anode sludge. Separation of bismuth from its oxide or carbonate ores can be effected by leaching with…

Gideon v. Wainwright: In Betts v. Brady, however, (1942), the Court decided that assigned counsel was not required for indigent defendants in state felony cases except when there were special circumstances, notably if the defendant was illiterate or mentally challenged.

the Allman Brothers Band: November 11, 1972, Macon, Georgia), Dickey Betts (in full Forrest Richard Betts; b. December 12, 1943, West Palm Beach, Florida, U.S.—d. April 18, 2024, Osprey, Florida), Jaimoe (byname of Jai Johanny Johanson, original name John Lee Johnson; b. July 8, 1944, Ocean Springs, Mississippi, U.S.), and Butch Trucks (original name…

the Allman Brothers Band: November 11, 1972, Macon, Georgia), Dickey Betts (in full Forrest Richard Betts; b. December 12, 1943, West Palm Beach, Florida, U.S.—d. April 18, 2024, Osprey, Florida), Jaimoe (byname of Jai Johanny Johanson, original name John Lee Johnson; b. July 8, 1944, Ocean Springs, Mississippi, U.S.), and Butch Trucks (original name…

Mookie Betts is an American professional baseball player known for his all-around play, winning multiple Silver Slugger and Gold Glove awards. He won four World Series titles, one with the Boston Red Sox (2018) and three with the Los Angeles Dodgers (2020, 2024, and 2025). Betts was born to Diana

Mookie Betts is an American professional baseball player known for his all-around play, winning multiple Silver Slugger and Gold Glove awards. He won four World Series titles, one with the Boston Red Sox (2018) and three with the Los Angeles Dodgers (2020, 2024, and 2025). Betts was born to Diana

Betty Boop, flirtatious, seductive cartoon character of 1930s animated short films produced by Max Fleischer and directed by his brother Dave. Modeled on the sexy, coy flapper of the 1920s, in particular the singer Helen Kane, Betty Boop has huge eyes, long eyelashes, which she bats frequently, and

General Mills, Inc.: …also created the personage of Betty Crocker, who became of one of the most widely known food advisers in the United States. The name Betty Crocker became a leading brand of cake mixes and other goods used in home baking.

Only 18 years old at the time of the 1956 Olympics, Australian Betty Cuthbert emerged as the single most outstanding women’s track-and-field athlete of the Games—and as an inspiration to young runners everywhere. Cuthbert had been running for 10 years, trained by a schoolteacher in the little New

Betty Ford: …United States—and founder of the Betty Ford Center, a facility dedicated to helping people recover from drug and alcohol dependence. She was noted for her strong opinions on public issues and her candor regarding intimate matters.

In the United States and other parts of the Western world, we have broken through what I call the “feminine mystique.” And now, in both developed and developing nations, women are moving toward full participation in political leadership and advancement in business and the professions. They are

Betty White: …as an executive producer for Betty White’s Off Their Rockers (2012–14), a reality show in which senior citizens played pranks on unsuspecting younger people. White later hosted the two-episode Betty White’s Smartest Animals in America (2015).

Wheeling: Zane Grey’s first published work, Betty Zane (1903), depicts the legendary heroism of his ancestor, who braved gunfire to carry powder from an outlying cabin during that siege. In 1795 the site was chartered as a town called Zanesburg. Two years later the county seat was moved from West Liberty…

William Henry West Betty was an English actor who won instant success as a child prodigy. Betty’s debut was in Belfast, before he was 12, in an English version of Voltaire’s Zaïre. He was successful in Dublin, Glasgow, and Edinburgh. In 1804, when he first appeared at Covent Garden, London, troops

Betul, city, south-central Madhya Pradesh state, central India. It is situated in a plateau region south of the Satpura Range and just north of the Tapti River. Formerly called Badnur, Betul was constituted a municipality in 1867. The city is a major road junction and agricultural trade centre.

birch, (genus Betula), genus of about 40 species of short-lived ornamental and timber trees and shrubs of the family Betulaceae, distributed throughout cool regions of the Northern Hemisphere. A birch has smooth, resinous, varicoloured or white bark, marked by horizontal pores (lenticels), which

Fagales: Betulaceae: pendula (silver birches) and B. nana (dwarf birches) are circumboreal (i.e., extending to the northern limit of the tree line); the two species very nearly coincide in their ranges, with the dwarf birches extending farther into the Arctic. They now occupy most areas that were glaciated…

yellow birch, (Betula alleghaniensis), ornamental and timber tree of the family Betulaceae, native to northeastern North America. See also birch. Among the largest of birches, yellow birch grows to 30 metres (100 feet) on cool moist bottomlands and on drier soils to elevations of 1,950 metres

birch: Major species: Water birch (B. occidentalis), a shrubby tree native to moist sites along the western coast of North America, has nonpeeling dark red bark; it grows in clusters, with all stems rising from a common root system. It is sometimes called red birch, black birch, or…

birch: Major species: Bog birch (B. glandulosa) of North America, also called tundra dwarf birch or resin birch, and dwarf birch, or dwarf Arctic birch (B. nana), native to most far northern areas of the world, are small alpine and tundra shrubs commonly known as ground birch. Both…

sweet birch, (Betula lenta), North American ornamental and timber tree in the family Betulaceae. Usually about 18 metres (60 feet) tall, the tree may reach 24 metres (79 feet) or more in the southern Appalachians; on poor soil it may be stunted and shrublike. See also birch. The smooth, shiny,

yellow birch, (Betula alleghaniensis), ornamental and timber tree of the family Betulaceae, native to northeastern North America. See also birch. Among the largest of birches, yellow birch grows to 30 metres (100 feet) on cool moist bottomlands and on drier soils to elevations of 1,950 metres

birch: Major species: The Japanese monarch birch (B. maximowicziana) is a valuable timber tree of Japan, especially in the plywood industry. Usually 30 metres (100 feet) high, with flaking gray or orange-gray bark, it has heart-shaped leaves about 15 cm (6 inches) long and is a hardy ornamental. The…

birch: Major species: …birch or resin birch, and dwarf birch, or dwarf Arctic birch (B. nana), native to most far northern areas of the world, are small alpine and tundra shrubs commonly known as ground birch. Both species have almost circular leaves, are food sources for birds and grazing animals, and may be…

river birch, (Betula nigra), ornamental tree of the family Betulaceae, found on river and stream banks in the eastern one-third of the United States. Because the lower trunk becomes very dark with age, the tree is sometimes called black birch, a name more properly applied to sweet birch (Betula

birch: Major species: Water birch (B. occidentalis), a shrubby tree native to moist sites along the western coast of North America, has nonpeeling dark red bark; it grows in clusters, with all stems rising from a common root system. It is sometimes called red birch, black birch, or…

paper birch, (Betula papyrifera), ornamental, shade, and timber tree of the family Betulaceae, native to northern and central North America. See also birch. The paper birch is usually about 18 metres (60 feet) tall but occasionally reaches 40 metres (131 feet); it can also be small and sometimes

Fagales: Betulaceae: pendula (silver birches) and B. nana (dwarf birches) are circumboreal (i.e., extending to the northern limit of the tree line); the two species very nearly coincide in their ranges, with the dwarf birches extending farther into the Arctic. They now occupy most areas that were glaciated…

white birch: The Asian white birch (B. platyphylla), an 18-metre tree native to eastern Asia, has broad leaves about 7 cm (3 inches) long; its hard yellow-white wood is used for furniture and woodenware.

gray birch, (Betula populifolia), slender ornamental tree of the family Betulaceae, found in clusters on moist sites in northeastern North America. See also birch. Rarely 12 metres (40 feet) tall, it is covered almost to the ground with flexible branches that form a narrow pyramidal crown. The

white birch: …known as downy birch (B. pubescens), is a tree about 18 metres (60 feet) tall and is native to Eurasia. It has egg-shaped leaves, usually hairy below. The soft yellowish or reddish white wood is commercially important in construction and in the manufacture of vehicles, furniture, and small articles…

birch: Major species: Swamp birch (B. pumila), a similar but smaller shrub, is found on boggy sites; it may be erect or trailing and matted. Bog birch (B. glandulosa) of North America, also called tundra dwarf birch or resin birch, and dwarf birch, or dwarf Arctic birch (B.…

Betulaceae: Major genera and species: Oil of betula, obtained from birch twigs, smells and tastes like wintergreen and is used in tanning Russian leather. A number of species are valued as ornamentals.

Betulaceae, family of six genera and about 145 species of woody flowering plants (order Fagales). Members of the family are distributed in temperate and subarctic areas of the Northern Hemisphere, where some reach the northern limit of woody plants; in tropical mountains; and in South America

Fagales: Evolution: …leaves similar to those of Betuleae have been found in deposits from about 70 million years ago and from the Paleocene Epoch in the early Paleogene Period (about 60 million years ago) but are not associated with the reproductive structures that would make identification certain. Reproductive structures of Alnus have…

Betwa River, river in northern India, rising in the Vindhya Range just north of Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh. It flows generally northeast through Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh states and empties into the Yamuna River just east of Hamirpur after a 380-mile (610-km) course. Nearly half of its

C.K. Stead: Poems 1972–1974 (1975), Paris (1984), Between (1988), Voices (1990), Straw into Gold: Poems New and Selected (1997), The Right Thing (2000), and The Red Tram (2004). Stead composed the poems in The Black River (2007) after suffering a stroke. The Yellow Buoy: Poems 2007–2012

Albion W. Small: …by his attack on capitalism, Between Eras from Capitalism to Democracy (1913), for which he drew on the ideas of Karl Marx; Thorstein Veblen, the U.S. economist of dynamics analysis, and Werner Sombart, the German sociological economist.

Amos Oz: …Life) and Ben hạverim (2012; Between Friends) are, respectively, a novel set in an Israeli village and a collection of short stories set on a kibbutz. Ha-Beśorah ʿal-pi Yehudah (2014; “The Gospel According to Judas”) investigates the nature of betrayal by weaving a contemporary dialogue about Israel with an alternate…

Otto Ludwig: …Zwischen Himmel und Erde (1855; Between Heaven and Earth). His Shakespeare-Studien (1891) showed him to be a discriminating critic, but his preoccupation with literary theory proved something of a hindrance to his success as a creative writer.

Yoko Ono: Later music career: …with Sean’s band IMA, and Between My Head and the Sky (2009), for which she resurrected the Plastic Ono Band moniker. Beginning in the 1990s a number of her songs were remixed by younger musicians, who acknowledged her fusion of pop and avant-garde idioms as influential. Ono also wrote a…

Hannah Arendt: Arendt’s other works include Between Past and Future (1961), On Revolution (1963), Men in Dark Times (1968), On Violence (1970), and Crises of the Republic (1972). Her unfinished manuscript The Life of the Mind was edited by her friend and correspondent Mary McCarthy and published in 1978. Responsibility

Ha Jin: Literary works: …books were the poetry collections Between Silences (1990) and Facing Shadows (1996); later collections include Wreckage (2001) and A Distant Center (2018). His volume of army stories, Ocean of Words (1996), received the PEN/Hemingway Award in 1997, and his second book of stories, Under the Red Flag (1997),

Mira Sorvino: …The Triumph of Love (2001), Between Strangers (2002), and The Final Cut (2004). She starred with Donald Sutherland in the TV miniseries Human Trafficking (2005) and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for her performance. Her later movies included Union Square (2011), Space Warriors (2013), Quitters

Virginia Woolf: Late work: …novel, Pointz Hall (later retitled Between the Acts), would include the play as a pageant performed by villagers and would convey the gentry’s varied reactions to it. As another holiday from Fry’s biography, Woolf returned to her own childhood with “A Sketch of the Past,” a memoir about her mixed…

Harriette Arnow: Her second novel, Between the Flowers (published posthumously in 1999), portrays a Kentucky farm family seeking to transcend the troubles brought by nature, society, and their own characters.

red dog, name for two different simple gambling card games. In one version of red dog—also known as yablon, acey-deucey, and between the sheets—each player puts up an initial stake, and the banker deals two cards faceup. Unless the ranks of the cards are the same or consecutive, the bettors may

12 Contemporary Black Authors You Must Read: Ta-Nehisi Coates: His searing memoir Between the World and Me, written in the form of a letter to his teenage son, earned him a National Book Award and comparisons to James Baldwin. Coates has also published fiction (the novel The Water Dancer) and several issues of the Black Panther and…

Bruce Willis: …from 2019 included the comedy Between Two Ferns and Motherless Brooklyn, a crime drama set in the 1950s. Over the next several years he starred in a string of action movies that included Breach (2020), Out of Death (2021), and A Day to Die (2022).

John Middleton Murry: Murry’s autobiography, Between Two Worlds (1935), is strikingly revealing about his own life. A large selection of his letters to Mansfield, edited by C.A. Hankin, was published in 1983. Murry’s son, John Middleton Murry (1926–2002), was a noted novelist, writing science fiction under the name Richard Cowper;…

Ute Lemper: …Waits and Nick Cave, and Between Yesterday and Tomorrow (2009), the first of Lemper’s discs on which she was the sole composer.

betyár, a highwayman in 19th-century Hungary. The word is Iranian in origin and entered the Hungarian language via Turkish and Serbo-Croatian; its original meaning was “young bachelor” or “lad.” While most betyárok were originally shepherds, whose position in rural society was marginal, many were

Eric Betzig is an American physicist who won the 2014 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for using fluorescent molecules to bypass the inherent resolution limit in optical microscopy. He shared the prize with American chemist W.E. Moerner and Romanian-born German chemist Stefan Hell. Betzig was interested

spearfishing: …gun designed by his compatriot Georges Beuchat that was propelled by a rubber elastic band. Other guns were designed that used gunpowder, carbon dioxide, or compressed air to propel the spear; one of the latter type, invented in 1956 by Juan Vilarrubis of Spain, became popular because of its accuracy,…

Anabaptist: …Jan Mathijs (died 1534) and John of Leiden (Jan Beuckelson; died 1536), and many persecuted Anabaptists settled in Münster, Westphalia. Hofmann’s disciples were attracted to the city by dramatic changes that occurred there in the early 1530s. Under the influence of the reformer Bernhard Rothman, Anabaptist sentiment was strong enough…

Cornish literature: …Cornwall and Brittany, the play Beunans Meriasek (from a manuscript dated 1504; Eng. trans. Beunans Meriasek) is a life of Meriasek, the patron saint of the Cornish town of Camborne. A pagan tyrant, identified as a member of the House of Tudor, expels Meriasek from Cornwall and is in turn…

pear: History and types: …and Canada, varieties such as Beurré Bosc, Anjou, and Winter Nelis are grown. A highly popular variety in England and the Netherlands is Conference. Common Italian varieties include Curato, Coscia, and Passe Crassane, the latter also being popular in France. In Asian countries the pear crop comprises primarily local

Friedrich Ferdinand, Graf (count) von Beust was the prime minister and foreign minister of Saxony (1858–66) and of the Austrian Empire (1867–71). He negotiated the Ausgleich, or “Compromise” (1867), establishing the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, and also helped restore the Habsburgs’ international

Friedrich Ferdinand, Graf (count) von Beust was the prime minister and foreign minister of Saxony (1858–66) and of the Austrian Empire (1867–71). He negotiated the Ausgleich, or “Compromise” (1867), establishing the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, and also helped restore the Habsburgs’ international

Bytom, city, Śląskie województwo (province), southern Poland. It is one of the oldest and largest industrial cities in the Upper Silesia coal region. Bytom’s origins were in the 11th century under the rule of King Bolesław I (the Brave). In the 12th century, lead and silver mines provided its

Bruce A. Beutler is an American immunologist and corecipient, with French immunologist Jules A. Hoffmann and Canadian immunologist and cell biologist Ralph M. Steinman, of the 2011 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his “discoveries concerning the activation of the innate immune system.”

Hubert Beuve-Méry was a French publisher and editor who directed Le Monde from the paper’s founding in 1944 until 1969. Under his direction, Le Monde became an independent, self-supporting, and highly prestigious daily with a large national and international readership. From 1928 to 1939 Beuve-Méry

Joseph Beuys was a German avant-garde sculptor and performance artist whose works, characterized by unorthodox materials and ritualistic activity, stirred much controversy. Beuys was educated in Rindern, Germany, and served in the German air force throughout World War II. In 1943 his plane crashed

African American Vernacular English (AAVE), variety of American English spoken by a large proportion of Black Americans. Many scholars hold that AAVE, like several English creoles, developed from contacts between nonstandard varieties of colonial English and African languages. Its exact origins

angiogenesis inhibitor: An angiogenesis inhibitor called bevacizumab (Avastin) was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2004 for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Bevacizumab works by binding to and inhibiting the action of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which normally stimulates angiogenesis. However, bevacizumab is not effective when…

Aneurin Bevan was a controversial figure in post-World War II British politics and one of the finest orators of the time. To achieve mastery as a speaker, he had first to overcome a speech impediment. He was the architect of the National Health Service and leader of the left-wing (Bevanite) group

Jennie Lee, baroness of Asheridge was a British politician, member of Parliament and of the Labour Party, known for promoting the arts as a serious government concern. Lee, the daughter of a coal miner who was active in the Independent Labour Party (ILP), graduated from the University of Edinburgh

Aneurin Bevan was a controversial figure in post-World War II British politics and one of the finest orators of the time. To achieve mastery as a speaker, he had first to overcome a speech impediment. He was the architect of the National Health Service and leader of the left-wing (Bevanite) group

Bosnia and Herzegovina: Postwar Bosnia and Herzegovina: …parties agreed on Bosnian Croat Vjekoslav Bevanda as a compromise choice as prime minister. Bvenda took office in January 2012, and he began to work on a budget that would allow the new government to function. Economic growth and political reform, however, were impeded by persistent gridlock and the country’s…

antineutron: …produced in 1956 at the Bevatron particle accelerator at the University of California, Berkeley, by passing an antiproton beam through matter. Antineutrons were created when antiprotons in the beam exchanged their negative charge with nearby protons, which have a positive charge. The antineutrons were detected through their annihilation reactions with…

automobile: Axles: The axle shafts terminate in bevel gears that are connected by several smaller bevel gears mounted on radial axles attached to the differential housing and carried around with it by the ring gear. In its simplest form this differential has the defect that one driving wheel may spin when it…

molding: Flat or angular: (3) A bevel, or chamfer, molding is an inclined band, fascia, or fillet. (4) A splay is a large bevel.

clapboard, type of board bevelled toward one edge, used to clad the exterior of a frame building. Clapboards are attached horizontally, each one overlapping the next one down. They are six to eight inches in width, diminishing from about a 58 inch thickness at the lower edge to a fine upper edge

hand tool: Plumb line, level, and square: The adjustable, or bevel, square was used for angles other than 90 degrees beginning in the 17th century. In the earliest examples, the thin blade moved stiffly because it was riveted into a slot in the thick blade. Later models of the 19th century, however, were…

James Luther Bevel was an American minister and political activist who played a pivotal role in the civil rights movement in the early 1960s. Although Bevel initially intended to pursue a recording career, he felt called to Christian ministry. He entered the American Baptist Theological Seminary in

angiosperm: Significance to humans: Many beverages are also derived from angiosperms; these include coffee (Coffea arabica; Rubiaceae), tea (Camellia sinensis; Theaceae), many soft drinks (e.g., root beer from the roots of Sassafras albidum; Lauraceae), and most alcoholic beverages (e.g., beer and whiskey from cereal grains and wine from grapes).

William Henry Beveridge, 1st Baron Beveridge was an economist who helped shape Britain’s post-World War II welfare state policies and institutions through his Social Insurance and Allied Services (1942), also known as the Beveridge Report. Beveridge, the son of a British civil servant in India, was

William Henry Beveridge, 1st Baron Beveridge: … (1942), also known as the Beveridge Report.

Albert J. Beveridge was an orator, U.S. senator, and historian. Beveridge was admitted to the Indiana bar in 1887 and began the practice of law in Indianapolis. He first attracted national attention by his eloquent speeches defending the increasing power of the federal government and advocating

Albert J. Beveridge was an orator, U.S. senator, and historian. Beveridge was admitted to the Indiana bar in 1887 and began the practice of law in Indianapolis. He first attracted national attention by his eloquent speeches defending the increasing power of the federal government and advocating

William Henry Beveridge, 1st Baron Beveridge was an economist who helped shape Britain’s post-World War II welfare state policies and institutions through his Social Insurance and Allied Services (1942), also known as the Beveridge Report. Beveridge, the son of a British civil servant in India, was

William Henry Beveridge, 1st Baron Beveridge was an economist who helped shape Britain’s post-World War II welfare state policies and institutions through his Social Insurance and Allied Services (1942), also known as the Beveridge Report. Beveridge, the son of a British civil servant in India, was

Beverley, town, unitary authority of East Riding of Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, northeastern England. It is situated just north of the city of Kingston upon Hull (of which it is a residential suburb) and is the administrative centre of the unitary authority. The town of Beverley grew

Beverly, city, Essex county, northeastern Massachusetts, U.S. It is situated on Beverly Harbor, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, just north of Salem. Settled about 1626, it was named for Beverley, England, when incorporated as a town (township) in 1668. It early developed as a shipping centre, and

The Beverly Hillbillies, American television show that was one of the most popular situation comedies of the 1960s. The Beverly Hillbillies debuted in 1962 on CBS and aired for nine seasons (1962–71), remaining at or near the top of the Nielsen ratings for its entire run. As encapsulated in the

Beverly Hills, city, western Los Angeles county, California, U.S., completely surrounded by the city of Los Angeles. The original inhabitants of the region, the Tongva (or Gabrielino) people, first made contact with the Spanish in 1769. In 1838 the land was deeded to Maria Rita Valdez Villa, the

Television in the United States: Teen dramas and adult cartoons: which introduced Johnny Depp, and Beverly Hills 90210 (1990–2000), a prime-time soap opera set in the fictional West Beverly Hills High School. The latter inspired an entire new genre of “teensploitation” series, many of which became the anchors of the WB network a few years later. Among these WB teen…

Jerry Bruckheimer: …of blockbusters, including the comedy Beverly Hills Cop (1984), which featured Eddie Murphy, Top Gun (1986), which established Tom Cruise as a star, and Bad Boys (1995), which starred Will Smith and Martin Lawrence. After he and Simpson ended their partnership in 1995, Bruckheimer started

Eddie Murphy: and Beverly Hills Cop, Murphy showed his versatility in Eddie Murphy Raw (1987), which documented two of his live performances, and the comedy Coming to America (1988), in which he played four roles. He recorded several comedy albums during the 1980s and also scored a minor…

Eddie Murphy: …of a Detroit detective in Beverly Hills Cop: Axel F.

Chris Farley: Movies: Billy Madison and Tommy Boy: Farley made two more films, Beverly Hills Ninja (1997), a martial arts comedy, and Almost Heroes (1998), about 19th-century explorers. He was also cast to voice the title role in the animated movie Shrek (2001). Farley did some recordings for the film but died before it was completed; Mike Myers…

Kate DiCamillo: …herself after leaving home in Beverly, Right Here (2019). DiCamillo later published The Beatryce Prophecy (2021), a fairy tale about a young girl who is reportedly destined to unseat a king.

Ernest Bevin was a British trade unionist and statesman, one of the most powerful British union leaders in the first half of the 20th century. He also proved to be a forceful minister of labour and national service during World War II and foreign secretary in the immediate postwar period. Bevin was

London: The historical base: Bevis Marks, the City synagogue of the Sephardic Jews, was founded in 1656. St. Peter’s Italian Church (1863) was the first Italian church ever to be built outside Italy.

capacitance: …taken by the English astronomer John Bevis in 1747 when he replaced the water by metal foil forming a lining on the inside surface of the glass and another covering the outside surface. This form of the capacitor with a conductor projecting from the mouth of the jar and touching…

Richard Jefferies: Outstanding are Bevis: The Story of a Boy (1882), which includes memories of Coate Farm—his birthplace (now the Richard Jefferies House and Museum)—and its surrounding countryside; The Story of My Heart (1883), his spiritual autobiography; and the remarkable fantasy novel After London (1885), set in a future…

Rembrandt: The Leiden period (1625–31) of Rembrandt: …he developed a system of bevriende kleuren (“kindred [or related] colours”). This area of the painting was surrounded by coherent clusters of darker tones that occupied the foreground and background and especially the edges and corners of the work. Through this method Rembrandt not only created a concentrated, almost furnacelike,…

Mano River, river rising in the Guinea Highlands northeast of Voinjama, Liberia. With its tributary, the Morro, it forms more than 90 miles (145 km) of the Liberia–Sierra Leone border. The river and its affluents (including the Zeliba) drain a basin of 3,185 square miles (8,250 square km). It

Stefan Zweig: …novel, Ungeduld des Herzens (1938; Beware of Pity), and translated works of Charles Baudelaire, Paul Verlaine, and Émile Verhaeren.

Bewcastle Cross, runic monument in Cumbria, Eng., dating from the late 7th or early 8th century. Although the top of the cross has been lost, a weather-beaten, 15-foot (4.5-metre) shaft remains, showing on one face a figure of Christ trampling on the heads of beasts, a runic inscription underneath,