- Barba, Eugenio (theater critic)
theatre: The influence of Grotowski and the Polish Laboratory Theatre: Eugenio Barba, of Odin Theater in Holstebro, Den., a pupil of Grotowski, has formulated the ideological position of these theatres under the term third theatre. His book The Floating Islands (1979) examines a theatre existing independently that creates from whatever material resources are at hand.…
- Barbacena (Brazil)
Barbacena, city, southeastern Minas Gerais estado (state), Brazil. It is situated in the Serra da Mantiqueira Mountains, at 3,727 feet (1,136 metres) above sea level. The settlement was made the seat of a municipality in 1791 and elevated to city rank in 1840. It is now the trade and manufacturing
- barbacoa (method of cooking meat)
barbacoa, a method of cooking meat that originated in Mexico; the term also can refer to the meat itself. Traditionally, lamb or goat is slow roasted for several hours in a pit that is topped with maguey leaves. Some types of barbacoa, however, feature pork or beef, and many modern recipes use a
- Bārbad (Persian musician)
Islamic arts: The pre-Islamic period: Some became famous, such as Bārbad, to whom is attributed the invention of the complicated pre-Islamic system of modes. The compositions of Bārbad, who became a model of artistic achievement in Arabic literature, survived at least until the 10th century.
- Barbadiño (Portuguese theologian and philosopher)
Portuguese literature: The 18th century: …of the theologian and philosopher Luís António Verney) poured scorn on prevailing methods of education in Veradeiro método de estudar (1746; “True Method of Studying”). Matias Aires, who studied science in Spain and France, returned to Portugal to write Reflexões sobre a vaidade (1752; “Reflections on Vanity”), a philosophical and…
- Barbados
Barbados, island country in the southeastern Caribbean Sea, situated about 100 miles (160 km) east of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Roughly triangular in shape, the island measures some 20 miles (32 km) from northwest to southeast and about 15 miles (25 km) from east to west at its widest
- Barbados aloe (plant)
aloe vera, (Aloe vera), perennial succulent plant cultivated worldwide as an ornamental and for medicinal and cosmetic uses. The gelatinous interior of the leaves is commonly applied directly to the skin as a beauty treatment or to soothe sunburns, and it is sometimes ingested as a traditional
- Barbados cherry (plant and fruit)
Barbados cherry, (Malpighia emarginata), tropical and subtropical shrub or small tree (family Malpighiaceae), cultivated as an ornamental plant and for its tart edible fruits. The fruits are very rich in vitamin C and are used in preserves and commercial vitamin production. The plant is native to
- Barbados Cricket Association (Barbadian organization)
Joel Garner: …served as president of the Barbados Cricket Association. He was inducted into the International Cricket Council Cricket Hall of Fame in 2010.
- Barbados gooseberry (plant)
Pereskia: Leafy cactus (P. aculeata), also known as Barbados gooseberry, is cultivated extensively for hedges and for its orange edible fruit. Both P. bleo and P. grandifolia have been used in traditional medicine and show some anticancer potential, though additional studies are needed.
- Barbados Labour Party (political party, Barbados)
Barbados: Barbados since independence: …intervals, the DLP and the Barbados Labour Party (BLP) have alternated in leading the government. In November 2021 Barbados became a republic, replacing Queen Elizabeth II as its head of state with the country’s newly elected president, Dame Sandra Mason.
- Barbados nut (plant)
jatropha: The barbados nut (J. curcas), with yellow-green flowers and three- to five-lobed leaves on trees 6 m tall from Mexico and Central America, produces seeds from which cooking oil, soap, and a strong purgative are obtained. The seeds themselves are eaten if thoroughly roasted to remove…
- Barbados Ridge (submarine feature, Caribbean Sea)
Barbados Ridge, submarine ridge of the Caribbean Sea rising from the southern end of the axis of the Puerto Rico Trench. The Barbados Ridge is paralleled on either side by a shallow trough. Negative gravity anomalies (observed gravity values less than theoretically calculated values because of a
- Barbados threadsnake (snake)
Barbados threadsnake, (Leptotyphlops carlae), tiny burrowing member of the snake family Leptotyphlopidae. Reaching a maximum adult length of only 10.4 cm (4.1 inches) and an average weight of 0.6 g (0.02 ounce), it is thought to be the world’s smallest known snake. Its habitat is most likely
- Barbados, flag of
vertically striped national flag of blue-yellow-blue with a central black trident head. It has a width-to-length ratio of 2 to 3.The colonial flag badge of Barbados showed a fanciful scene in which an enormous shell with paddle wheels drawn by sea horses carried a king. The monarch held a trident,
- Barbados, history of
history of Barbados, history of Barbados from prehistoric times to the present. Little of the island’s prehistory is known, but archaeological investigation indicates that it may have been settled as early as 1600 bce by people from northern South America who later disappeared from the
- Barbaia, Domenico (Italian impresario)
Gioachino Rossini: Italian period: …where the reigning impresario was Domenico Barbaia, an ambitious former coffeehouse waiter who by gambling and running a gaming house had amassed a fortune and was now in charge of the two great Neapolitan theatres. Barbaia realized Rossini’s growing fame and went to Bologna to offer him a contract. Impressed…
- Barbalissus, Battle of (Persian history)
ancient Iran: Wars of Shāpūr I: including Antioch, the capital of Syria, itself. A third encounter took place when the emperor Valerian came to the rescue…
- Bārbār (ancient temple, Bahrain)
Dilmun: Bārbār, the remains of an ancient temple (largely built of limestone) situated on Bahrain Island, and many thousands of burial mounds attest to the island’s prominence. Qalaʿat (fort) al-Baḥrain, a large low tell covering about 45 acres (18 hectares) on the northern coast of the…
- Barbara (syllogistic)
history of logic: Aristotle: … in the form known as Barbara (on this terminology, see below Syllogisms).
- Barbara Allen (ballad)
folk music: Transmission and variation: …of the English ballad “Barbara Allen,” found 198 versions of the story sung in the English-speaking world, accompanied by tunes belonging to three tune families. (Accompanying this article are audio recordings of five renditions of “Barbara Allen” from collections at the Library of Congress.)
- Barbara Frietchie (poem by Whittier)
Frederick: …John Greenleaf Whittier’s poem “Barbara Frietchie.” Inc. 1817. Pop. (2000) 52,767; Bethesda-Rockville-Frederick Metro Division, 1,068,618; (2010) 65,239; Bethesda-Rockville-Frederick Metro Division, 1,205,162.
- Barbara Rebell (work by Lowndes)
Marie Adelaide Lowndes: …Heart of Penelope (1904) and Barbara Rebell (1905)—she wrote The Chink in the Armour (1912), a psychological study of a murder-plot victim. The Lodger, published the following year, was a fictional treatment of the Jack the Ripper murders. Her numerous works, spanning the first 40 years of the 20th century,…
- Barbara, St. (Christian martyr)
St. Barbara ; feast day December 4) was a legendary virgin martyr of the early church. Venerated as one of the 14 Auxiliary Saints (Holy Helpers), she is invoked in thunderstorms and is the patron saint of artillerymen and miners. Because Barbara’s authenticity is highly questionable and her legend
- Barbarea (plant)
winter cress, (genus Barbarea), genus of about 20 species of weedy herbs of the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to the north temperate region. Most species are biennials or perennials and have yellow or white four-petaled flowers and deeply lobed leaves. Some winter cresses are cultivated as
- Barbarea verna (plant)
cress: Upland cress (Barbarea verna), a hardy biennial native to Europe, is a coarse, often weedy plant rarely cultivated. The closely related winter cress, or yellow rocket (B. vulgaris), is a common weed, conspicuous in fields for its bright yellow spring flowers. Bitter cress, cuckoo flower,…
- Barbarea vulgaris (plant)
cress: …closely related winter cress, or yellow rocket (B. vulgaris), is a common weed, conspicuous in fields for its bright yellow spring flowers. Bitter cress, cuckoo flower, or meadow cress (Cardamine pratensis), a low-growing plant of the Northern Hemisphere, with pinnately divided leaves and small white to rose flowers, is found…
- Barbarella (film by Vadim [1968])
Dino De Laurentiis: Romeo and Juliet (1968) and Barbarella (1968).
- Barbarelli, Giorgio (Italian painter)
Giorgione was an extremely influential Italian painter who was one of the initiators of a High Renaissance style in Venetian art. His qualities of mood and mystery were epitomized in The Tempest (c. 1505), an evocative pastoral scene, which was among the first of its genre in Venetian painting.
- Barbari (syllogistic)
history of logic: Syllogisms: *Barbari, *Celaront.
- barbari (people)
barbarian, word derived from the Greek bárbaros, used among the early Greeks to describe all foreigners, including the Romans. The word is probably onomatopoeic in origin, the “bar bar” sound representing the perception by Greeks of languages other than their own. Bárbaros soon assumed a deeply
- Barbari, Iacopo de’ (Italian painter)
Jacopo de’ Barbari was a Venetian painter and engraver influenced by Antonello da Messina. Barbari probably painted the first signed and dated (1504) pure still life (a dead partridge, gauntlets, and arrow pinned against a wall). Until c. 1500, he remained in Venice. A large engraved panorama of
- Barbari, Jacopo de’ (Italian painter)
Jacopo de’ Barbari was a Venetian painter and engraver influenced by Antonello da Messina. Barbari probably painted the first signed and dated (1504) pure still life (a dead partridge, gauntlets, and arrow pinned against a wall). Until c. 1500, he remained in Venice. A large engraved panorama of
- barbarian (people)
barbarian, word derived from the Greek bárbaros, used among the early Greeks to describe all foreigners, including the Romans. The word is probably onomatopoeic in origin, the “bar bar” sound representing the perception by Greeks of languages other than their own. Bárbaros soon assumed a deeply
- Barbarian in the Garden (work by Herbert)
Zbigniew Herbert: …as Barbarzyńca w ogrodzie (1962; Barbarian in the Garden). From 1975 to 1992, he lived mostly in western Europe, although during that time he returned to Poland for the five years from 1981 to 1986. Then, from 1992 until his death, he made his home in Poland.
- barbarian invasions (European history)
barbarian invasions, the movements of Germanic peoples which began before 200 bce and lasted until the early Middle Ages, destroying the Western Roman Empire in the process. Together with the migrations of the Slavs, these events were the formative elements of the distribution of peoples in modern
- Barbarian Invasions, The (film by Arcand [2003])
Denys Arcand: …notably Les Invasions barbares (2003; The Barbarian Invasions), embody his intellectual curiosity and passion for politics, art, and life.
- barbarian law (Germanic law)
Anglo-Saxon law: …the so-called barbarian laws (leges barbarorum) of continental Europe, it made up the body of law called Germanic law. Anglo-Saxon law was written in the vernacular and was relatively free of the Roman influence found in continental laws that were written in Latin. Roman influence on Anglo-Saxon law was…
- Barbarian Odes, The (work by Carducci)
Giosuè Carducci: …Lyrics) and Odi barbare (1877; The Barbarian Odes) contain the best of Carducci’s poetry: the evocations of the Maremma landscape and the memories of childhood; the lament for the loss of his only son; the representation of great historical events; and the ambitious attempts to recall the glory of Roman…
- Barbarians (poetry by Dunn)
Douglas Dunn: Barbarians (1979) is a highly political volume that attacks the sovereignty of the propertied class and Oxbridge intellectuals while arguing for the robustness of “barbarian” working-class culture. Although most critics generally admired the work, they had greater praise for St. Kilda’s Parliament (1981), noting Dunn’s…
- Barbaro, Daniele (Italian scholar)
Andrea Palladio: Visits to Rome and work in Vicenza: …collaborated with the classical scholar Daniele Barbaro in reconstructing Roman buildings for the plates of Vitruvius’ influential architectural treatise (written after 26 bce) De architectura (On Architecture). The new edition was published in Venice in 1556.
- Barbaro, Villa (house, Maser, Italy)
Andrea Palladio: Visits to Rome and work in Vicenza: …the house, as at the Villa Barbaro (c. 1555–59) at Maser, which Palladio designed for his friend the scholar Daniele Barbaro. This villa retains the contemporary fresco interiors painted by the Venetian master Paolo Veronese (c. 1528–88) and is one of the few interiors to survive from Palladio’s day.
- Barbarorum, Leges (Germanic law)
Anglo-Saxon law: …the so-called barbarian laws (leges barbarorum) of continental Europe, it made up the body of law called Germanic law. Anglo-Saxon law was written in the vernacular and was relatively free of the Roman influence found in continental laws that were written in Latin. Roman influence on Anglo-Saxon law was…
- Barbarossa (Ottoman admiral)
Barbarossa , also known as "Redbeard", was a Barbary pirate and later admiral of the Ottoman fleet, by whose initiative Algeria and Tunisia became part of the Ottoman Empire. For three centuries after his death, Mediterranean coastal towns and villages were ravaged by his pirate successors. Khiḍr
- Barbarossa, Frederick (Holy Roman emperor)
Frederick I was the duke of Swabia (as Frederick III, 1147–90) and German king and Holy Roman emperor (1152–90), who challenged papal authority and sought to establish German predominance in western Europe. He engaged in a long struggle with the cities of northern Italy (1154–83), sending six major
- Barbarossa, Operation (European history)
Operation Barbarossa, during World War II, code name for the German invasion of the Soviet Union, which was launched on June 22, 1941. The failure of German troops to defeat Soviet forces in the campaign signaled a crucial turning point in the war. Although Adolf Hitler had congratulated himself on
- Barbary (breed of horse)
Barb, native horse breed of the Barbary states of North Africa. It is related to, and probably an offshoot of, the Arabian horse but is larger, with a lower placed tail, and has hair at the fetlock (above and behind the hoof). The coat colour is usually bay or brown. Like the Arabian, it is noted
- Barbary (historical region, Africa)
Barbary, former designation for the coastal region of North Africa bounded by Egypt (east), by the Atlantic (west), by the Sahara (south), and by the Mediterranean Sea (north), and now comprising Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya. The name originates from that of the Berbers, the oldest known
- Barbary ape (primate)
Barbary macaque, (Macaca sylvanus), tailless ground-dwelling monkey that lives in groups in the upland forests of Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, and Gibraltar. The Barbary macaque is about 60 cm (24 inches) long and has light yellowish brown fur and a bald pale pink face. Adult males weigh about 16 kg
- Barbary Coast (film by Hawks [1935])
Howard Hawks: Films of the mid-1930s of Howard Hawks: Barbary Coast (1935), also written by Hecht and MacArthur, followed but was an unremarkable period romance. Ceiling Zero (1936), an adaptation of a play by former pilot Frank Wead, was better. It starred Cagney as an indomitable airmail pilot and Pat O’Brien as his hard-boiled…
- Barbary duck (bird)
Muscovy duck, (Cairina moschata), species of large perching duck belonging to the family Anatidae of the order Anseriformes. Male Muscovy ducks are the largest ducks in the world. Unlike other duck species the Muscovy duck does not descend from the mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos). It is native to
- Barbary fig (plant)
Morocco: Plant and animal life: …jujube tree, esparto grass, and Barbary fig (introduced from the Americas by way of Spain in the 16th century) cover vast areas. There is little natural vegetation in the desert areas east of the mountains, although the date palm, introduced to Morocco at a very early period, is extensively cultivated…
- Barbary ground squirrel (rodent)
ground squirrel: Nontropical ground squirrels: The Barbary ground squirrel (Atlantoxerus getulus) lives in rocky habitats from sea level to 4,000 metres (13,000 feet) in the Atlas Mountains of northwestern Africa, and the four species of African ground squirrels (genus Xerus) inhabit savannas and rocky deserts in northern, eastern, and southern Africa.…
- Barbary lion (mammal)
Barbary lion, (subspecies Panthera leo leo), extinct lion population that once inhabited large areas of North Africa’s Maghreb region north of the Sahara from the Atlas Mountains in Morocco east to Egypt. Barbary lions were known for their size, and admiration for them dates back at least to the
- Barbary macaque (primate)
Barbary macaque, (Macaca sylvanus), tailless ground-dwelling monkey that lives in groups in the upland forests of Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, and Gibraltar. The Barbary macaque is about 60 cm (24 inches) long and has light yellowish brown fur and a bald pale pink face. Adult males weigh about 16 kg
- Barbary pirate
Barbary pirate, any of the Muslim pirates operating from the coast of North Africa, at their most powerful during the 17th century but still active until the 19th century. Captains, who formed a class in Algiers and Tunis, commanded cruisers outfitted by wealthy backers, who then received 10
- Barbary sheep (mammal)
aoudad, (Ammotragus lervia), North African goatlike mammal of the family Bovidae (order Artiodactyla). This species has been inappropriately called a sheep, although recent genetic information reveals that it is much more closely related to wild goats. The aoudad stands about 102 cm (40 inches) at
- Barbary Shore (novel by Mailer)
Norman Mailer: His second novel, Barbary Shore (1951), and The Deer Park (1955) were greeted with critical hostility and mixed reviews, respectively. His next important work was a long essay, The White Negro (1957), a sympathetic study of a marginal social type—the “hipster.”
- Barbary shrike (bird)
shrike: erythrogaster) and the Barbary shrike (L. barbarus).
- Barbary States (historical region, Africa)
Barbary, former designation for the coastal region of North Africa bounded by Egypt (east), by the Atlantic (west), by the Sahara (south), and by the Mediterranean Sea (north), and now comprising Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya. The name originates from that of the Berbers, the oldest known
- Barbary Tongue (sandspit, Africa)
Sénégal River: Physiography and hydrology: …of a long sandspit, the Barbary Tongue (Langue de Barbarie). Saint-Louis lies in the river’s estuary, which extends for about 10 miles (16 km) to the river’s mouth.
- Barbarzyńca w ogrodzie (work by Herbert)
Zbigniew Herbert: …as Barbarzyńca w ogrodzie (1962; Barbarian in the Garden). From 1975 to 1992, he lived mostly in western Europe, although during that time he returned to Poland for the five years from 1981 to 1986. Then, from 1992 until his death, he made his home in Poland.
- Barbasetti, Luigi (Italian fencing master)
Luigi Barbasetti was an Italian fencing master, much respected in both Italy and Hungary. A student of the great Italian sabre teacher Giuseppe Radaelli, Barbasetti in many ways outstripped his master. His unique insight into fencing helped guide the sport into the 20th century. Barbasetti began
- Barbastella (mammal)
barbastelle, (genus Barbastella), either of two bats of the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae, found in Europe and North Africa (B. barbastellus) and in the Middle East and Asia (B. leucomelas). Barbastelles have short, wide ears that are joined on the forehead. Their fur is long and dark, with
- Barbastella barbastellus (mammal)
barbastelle, (genus Barbastella), either of two bats of the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae, found in Europe and North Africa (B. barbastellus) and in the Middle East and Asia (B. leucomelas). Barbastelles have short, wide ears that are joined on the forehead. Their fur is long and dark, with
- Barbastella leucomelas (mammal)
barbastelle, (genus Barbastella), either of two bats of the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae, found in Europe and North Africa (B. barbastellus) and in the Middle East and Asia (B. leucomelas). Barbastelles have short, wide ears that are joined on the forehead. Their fur is long and dark, with
- barbastelle (mammal)
barbastelle, (genus Barbastella), either of two bats of the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae, found in Europe and North Africa (B. barbastellus) and in the Middle East and Asia (B. leucomelas). Barbastelles have short, wide ears that are joined on the forehead. Their fur is long and dark, with
- barbat (musical instrument)
stringed instrument: Plucked lutes: …Persia, where, as the short-necked barbat, it influenced the music of Afghanistan and Turkistan on its way to China, Korea, and Japan. The skin-bellied lute, in China the sanxian, can be traced in China only to the 13th century; from there it was taken to the Ryukyu Islands and thence…
- Barbatia (bivalve genus)
ark shell: …of the genera Arca and Barbatia, live attached by a byssus (a tuft of horny threads secreted by a gland on the foot) in rock and coral crevices. Other species, particularly of the genus Anadara, live shallowly buried in sands and silts. Some species, such as the western African Anadara…
- Barbauld, Anna Laetitia (British author and editor)
Anna Laetitia Barbauld was a British writer, poet, and editor whose best writings are on political and social themes. Her poetry belongs essentially in the tradition of 18th-century meditative verse. The only daughter of John Aikin, she lived from the age of 15 to 30 in Warrington, Lancashire,
- barbe de capucin (cultivated herb)
chicory: One method of forcing produces barbe de capucin, the loose blanched leaves much esteemed by the French as a winter salad. Another method produces witloef, or witloof, the tighter heads or crowns preferred in Belgium and elsewhere. Throughout Europe the roots are stored to produce leaves for salads during winter.
- Barbé-Marbois, François, marquis de (French statesman)
François, marquis de Barbé-Marbois was a French statesman who in 1803 negotiated the Louisiana Purchase by the United States. After serving as a diplomat in Germany and with the American colonists, Barbé-Marbois was an intendant of Santo Domingo (1785–89). Returning to France, he became a deputy in
- Barbeau Peak (mountain, Nunavut, Canada)
Ellesmere Island: …northerly point of Canada, and Barbeau Peak, at an elevation of 8,583 feet (2,616 metres), is the highest point in Nunavut. Settlements, all quite small, include Eureka, Grise Ford (Aujuittuq), and Alert, a weather station and military outpost that is the northernmost community in North America. Petroleum deposits have been…
- Barbeau, Adrienne (American actress)
Catwoman: Catwoman (voiced by Adrienne Barbeau) was a mainstay in the critically acclaimed Batman: The Animated Series (1992–95) and has appeared as both an ally and foil in numerous Batman video games.
- barbecue (cooking)
barbecue, an outdoor meal, usually a form of social entertainment, at which meats, fish, or fowl, along with vegetables, are roasted over a wood or charcoal fire. The term also denotes the grill or stone-lined pit for cooking such a meal, or the food itself, particularly the strips of meat. The
- barbed wire
barbed wire, fence wire usually consisting of two longitudinal wires twisted together to form cable and having wire barbs wound around either or both of the cable wires at regular intervals. The varieties of barbed wire are numerous, with cables being single or double, round, half-round, or flat
- Barbegal (France)
waterwheel: …was the grain mill at Barbegal, near Arles, France, which had 16 cascaded overshot wheels, each 7 feet (2 metres) in diameter, with wooden gearing. It is estimated that this mill could meet the needs of a population of 80,000.
- Barbeitos, Arlindo (Angolan poet)
Arlindo Barbeitos was an Angolan poet, many of whose works, written in Portuguese, portray in a subtle manner the struggle of his people for independence as well as the essential harmony between man and nature. From 1965 to 1969 Barbeitos studied in West Germany. He returned home to teach at
- Barbeitos, Arlindo do Carmo Pires (Angolan poet)
Arlindo Barbeitos was an Angolan poet, many of whose works, written in Portuguese, portray in a subtle manner the struggle of his people for independence as well as the essential harmony between man and nature. From 1965 to 1969 Barbeitos studied in West Germany. He returned home to teach at
- barbel (fish anatomy)
barb: …one or more pairs of barbels (slender, fleshy protuberances) near the mouth and often have large, shining scales. The species vary widely in size; certain barbs are only about 2.5–5 cm (1–2 inches) long, while the mahseer (q.v.) of India may be 2 m (6.5 feet) long. Several species are…
- barbel (fish species)
barb: The barbel (B. barbus) of central and western European rivers is a slender, rather elongate fish with a thick-lipped, crescent-shaped mouth and four barbels, which it uses to search out fish, mollusks, and other food along the river bottom. The barbel is greenish and usually attains…
- barbel (fish)
barb, (genus Barbus), any of numerous freshwater fishes belonging to a genus in the carp family, Cyprinidae. The barbs are native to Europe, Africa, and Asia. The members of this genus typically have one or more pairs of barbels (slender, fleshy protuberances) near the mouth and often have large,
- barbell (weight)
weightlifting: Equipment: …modern competitive lifting is the barbell, a steel bar or rod to which cast-iron or steel disk weights are attached at each end on a revolving sleeve. The range of weights added is 25, 20, 15, 10, 5, 2.5, and 1.25 kg (55, 44, 33, 22, 11, 5.5, and 2.75…
- Barbella, Thomas Rocco (American boxer)
Rocky Graziano was an American boxer and world middleweight champion (1947–48). (Read Gene Tunney’s 1929 Britannica essay on boxing.) In his youth Graziano was close friends with future fighter Jake La Motta, and both troubled youths attended the same juvenile reform school. Graziano was drafted
- Barbellion, Wilhelm Nero Pilate (British author)
Bruce Frederick Cummings was an English author who wrote The Journal of a Disappointed Man (1919), extracts from diaries that he had kept between 1903 and 1917. The book was immediately acclaimed upon publication, not only for providing a vivid insight into his passion for zoology and music but
- Barbelo (Gnosticism)
gnosticism: Adversus haereses: … (eternal entity or age) named Barbelo and an unnameable Father, perhaps to be understood as female and male aspects, respectively, of the highest god. In any event, the Father and Barbelo generate a divine family of entities, each of which is a mythic personification of a divine faculty or attribute:…
- barbelthroat carpet shark (shark)
carpet shark: Taxonomy and notable characteristics: …throat of the aptly named barbelthroat carpet shark (Cirrhoscyllium expolitum).
- barber
barber, a person whose primary activities in the 20th century are trimming and styling the hair of men, shaving them, and shaping their beards, sideburns, and moustaches. Barbers, or hairdressers, often provide shampooing, manicuring, hair dying, permanent waves, and shoe polishing within their
- Barber of Bagdad, The (opera by Cornelius)
Peter Cornelius: …Der Barbier von Bagdad (The Barber of Bagdad).
- Barber of Seville, The (opera by Paisiello)
Giovanni Paisiello: …Il Barbiere di Siviglia (1782; The Barber of Seville), which some consider his masterpiece, on a libretto by Giuseppe Petrosellini, after Beaumarchais’s comedy Le Barbier de Séville.
- Barber of Seville, The (play by Beaumarchais)
The Barber of Seville, four-act farcical drama by Pierre-Augustin Beaumarchais, performed and published in 1775 as Le Barbier de Séville; ou, la precaution inutile (“The Barber of Seville; or, The Useless Precaution”). It was the basis of the 1816 opera Il barbiere di Siviglia by Gioachino Rossini,
- barber paradox
foundations of mathematics: Set theoretic beginnings: …to be known as the barber paradox: A barber states that he shaves all who do not shave themselves. Who shaves the barber? Any answer contradicts the barber’s statement. To avoid these contradictions Russell introduced the concept of types, a hierarchy (not necessarily linear) of elements and sets such that…
- barber shop quartet singing (music)
barbershop quartet singing, typically all-male or all-female popular choral form characterized by a capella singing, with three voices harmonizing to the melody of a fourth voice. The emphasis is on close, carefully arranged harmony, synchronization of word sounds, and the use of such devices as
- Barber, Alice (American illustrator)
Alice Barber Stephens was an American illustrator whose work appeared regularly in the most popular books and magazines of her day. Alice Barber grew up in New Jersey and in Philadelphia. She began drawing at an early age, and in 1870, while still attending public school, she began taking classes
- Barber, Bernard (American sociologist)
drug use: The functions of psychotropic drugs: The remarks of American sociologist Bernard Barber are poignant in this regard:
- Barber, Bill (Canadian hockey player)
Philadelphia Flyers: …Valuable Player Bobby Clarke, winger Bill Barber, and Dave (“the Hammer”) Schultz—a rough-and-tumble winger who became the most notable enforcer on the team—Philadelphia won two Stanley Cups during this period (1974 and 1975), and the team’s bruising style of play ushered in a new era in the NHL during which…
- Barber, John (British inventor)
gas-turbine engine: Origins: …a system was issued to John Barber of England in 1791. Barber’s design called for separate reciprocating compressors whose output air was directed through a fuel-fired combustion chamber. The hot jet was then played through nozzles onto an impulse wheel. The power produced was to be sufficient to drive both…
- Barber, Patricia (American musician)
Patricia Barber is an American jazz musician who achieved international acclaim in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Barber, the daughter of two musicians, began taking classical piano lessons at age six. She grew up in Illinois and Iowa, majored in classical music and psychology at the University of
- Barber, Red (American broadcaster)
Red Barber was the homespun radio and television announcer for the Cincinnati Reds (1934–39), Brooklyn Dodgers (1939–53), and New York Yankees (1954–66) professional baseball teams. Known for his integrity, Barber left the Dodgers after he was urged to make his commentary more supportive of the
- Barber, Ronde (American football player)
Tampa Bay Buccaneers: …defensive backs John Lynch and Ronde Barber. The Bucs made four postseason appearances in the five seasons between 1997 and 2001, but the offensively limited team scored fewer than 10 points in each of its four playoff losses in that span, and Dungy was fired in early 2002 despite his…