pamphlet, brief booklet; in the UNESCO definition, it is an unbound publication that is not a periodical and contains no fewer than 5 and no more than 48 pages, exclusive of any cover. After the invention of printing, short unbound or loosely bound booklets were called pamphlets. Since polemical

insect: Annotated classification: Order Psocoptera (booklice or psocids) Small or minute insects with long filiform antennae, delicate membranous wings (though many are wingless), head with Y-shaped epicranial suture, enlarged post-clypeus (sclerite on the face); maxilla with a rodlike lacinia (inner lobe) partly sunk into head capsule; labial palps much reduced;…

bookmaking, gambling practice of determining odds and receiving and paying off bets on the outcome of sporting events (particularly horse racing), political contests, and other competitions. Some Commonwealth countries (including the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand), Belgium, and Germany

best seller: Bookman, an American magazine of literature and criticism, began running best-seller lists in 1895, when it began publication. The list was compiled from reports of sales at bookstores throughout the country. Similar lists began to appear in other literary magazines and in metropolitan newspapers. The…

bookmobile, shelf-lined motor van or other vehicle that carries books to rural and urban areas, establishes library service in areas that are too small to justify the creation of a stable branch, and acts as a demonstration model for communities that can afford library service and may choose to

bookplate, a label with a printed design intended to indicate ownership, usually pasted inside the front cover of a book. Bookplates probably originated in Germany, where the earliest known example, dated about the middle of the 15th century, is found. The earliest dated bookplate extant is also

Mao Chang: …dynasty (221–206 bc), a massive burning of books took place in which most copies of the Confucian classics were destroyed. After the founding of the Han dynasty (206 bc–ad 220), an intensive campaign was undertaken to replace the classics; older scholars who had memorized these works in their entirety provided…

children’s literature: North versus south: by Marguerite Mitchell, Books, Children and Men, 1944; 4th ed., 1960): “In the matter of literature for children the North surpasses the South by a large margin.” For Hazard, Spain had no children’s literature; Italy, with its Pinocchio and Cuore, could point only to an isolated pair of…

Almohads: The Booksellers’ Mosque (Kutubiyyah) in Marrakech and the older parts of the mosque of Taza date from his reign. Neither did the movement for a return to traditionalist Islam survive; both the mystical movement of the Sufis and the philosophical schools represented by Ibn Ṭufayl and Averroës (Ibn…

pornography: …than 50 pornographic shops on Holywell Street (known as “Booksellers’ Row”) in London. Pornography continued to flourish during the Victorian Age in Britain and in the United States despite—or perhaps because of—the taboos on sexual topics that were characteristic of the era. The massive and anonymous autobiography My Secret Life…

history of publishing: Selling and promotion: The publisher’s techniques for book promotion have become increasingly sophisticated in all advanced countries. The typical traveler or book salesman is likely to hold a college degree, certainly in the United States; he receives a careful briefing from the home office, with…

bookcase, piece of furniture fitted with shelves, often enclosed by glass doors, to hold books. A form of bookcase was used in early times: the illuminated manuscript Codex Amiatinus (ad 689–716) in Florence contains an illustration of the prophet Ezra writing in front of a cupboard with open doors

Olivia Wilde: Directing: …feature film directorial debut with Booksmart (2019), a raunchy high-school comedy about two overachieving seniors (Kaitlyn Dever and Beanie Feldstein) who are shocked to discover that their partying classmates were also accepted to top colleges. Angry over missed experiences, the duo attempts to have as many adventures as possible in…

Women’s Prize for Fiction: The prize was administered by Booktrust, an English literary advocacy organization, and sponsored and organized by the Orange Group. It was judged by a female panel chosen by the prize’s founders. Organizers dismissed accusations of sexism, though they formed a shadow panel of male judges for the 2001 contest. In…

bookworm, any insect (e.g., moths, beetles) whose larval (or adult) forms injure books by gnawing the binding and piercing the pages with small holes. No single species may properly be called the bookworm because a large number of insects feed upon dry, starchy material or paper and may damage

history of photography: Landscape and architectural documentation: Alfred and John Bool and Henry Dixon worked for the Society for Photographing Old London, recording historical buildings and relics. In the 1850s the French government commissioned several photographers to document historical buildings. Working with cameras making photographs as large as 20 by 29 inches…

history of photography: Landscape and architectural documentation: Alfred and John Bool and Henry Dixon worked for the Society for Photographing Old London, recording historical buildings and relics. In the 1850s the French government commissioned several photographers to document historical buildings. Working with cameras making photographs as large as 20 by 29 inches (51 by…

Sequoia National Forest and Giant Sequoia National Monument: …well-stocked trout streams, and the Boole Tree, with a height of 269 feet (82 meters) and a circumference of 35 feet (11 meters), the largest known tree in any U.S. national forest. Dome Land Wilderness, one of five wilderness areas within the national forest, is a lofty region northeast of…

George Boole was an English mathematician who helped establish modern symbolic logic and whose algebra of logic, now called Boolean algebra, is basic to the design of digital computer circuits. Boole was given his first lessons in mathematics by his father, a tradesman, who also taught him to make

Boolean algebra, symbolic system of mathematical logic that represents relationships between entities—either ideas or objects. The basic rules of this system were formulated in 1847 by George Boole of England and were subsequently refined by other mathematicians and applied to set theory. Today,

foundations of mathematics: Boolean local topoi: A topos is said to be Boolean if its internal language is classical. It is named after the English mathematician George Boole (1815–64), who was the first to give an algebraic presentation of the classical calculus of propositions. A Boolean topos is…

government economic policy: Stabilization policy problems: During booms, tax revenues rise and the need for expenditures on unemployment compensation decreases, channeling a larger proportion of the national income into government coffers; these effects are accentuated if the tax system is progressive because tax revenues rise more rapidly than money incomes. Provided that…

fore-and-aft sail: The mainsail always has a boom, pivoted on the mast. Historically, it represented an important advance over the ancient square sail; it first appeared in the Mediterranean as the lateen sail. Full-rigged ships carried both types of sail; modern sport sailing craft carry fore-and-aft sails exclusively because of their ready…

boxing: Professional boxing: …after being knocked out by Ray (“Boom Boom”) Mancini in a championship fight that was nationally televised in the United States. (It was most likely the cumulative effect of the punishing blows throughout the match that led to Kim’s death, however, and not the final knockout punch.) Despite improved safety…

Dorothy Arzner: Early life and work: …which she created the “boom mike,” a long pole with a microphone attached that followed the actors around but remained out of camera range, thus giving the actors a mobility that had been prohibited by the stationary microphones previously used. The film, which starred Bow, was also innovative in…

Dorothy Arzner: Early life and work: …which she created the “boom mike,” a long pole with a microphone attached that followed the actors around but remained out of camera range, thus giving the actors a mobility that had been prohibited by the stationary microphones previously used. The film, which starred Bow, was also innovative in…

Jack Conway: The 1940s: …box-office success with the lively Boom Town, which chronicles two oilmen (Gable and Tracy) as they compete in business and romance; Lamarr and Claudette Colbert also starred in the drama. Conway had another hit with Love Crazy (1941), a deft comedy about a couple (Powell and Loy) whose marriage becomes…

Tom Brokaw: …including The Greatest Generation (1998), Boom!: Voices of the Sixties (2007), The Time of Our Lives: A Conversation About America (2011), and The Fall of Richard Nixon: A Reporter Remembers Watergate (2019). A Long Way from Home: Growing Up in the American Heartland (2002) and A Lucky Life Interrupted: A…

kangaroo: Behaviour: …male (“old man,” or “boomer”) dominates during the mating season. Males fight for access to females by biting, kicking, and boxing. These methods are also used by kangaroos to defend themselves against predators. With their agile arms, they can spar vigorously. They can also use the forepaws to grip…

baby boomer, member of the generation of people born during the surge in births in the United States and other countries in the years immediately following World War II. The size of the generation in the U.S. combined with technological changes and geopolitical factors to dramatically reshape the

Halle Berry: …by Spike Lee, and in Boomerang (1992), starring Eddie Murphy, first brought her notice. She starred with Jessica Lange in Losing Isaiah (1995), a drama about adoption, before earning acclaim for her portrayal of film star Dorothy Dandridge, the first African American to be nominated for a best-actress Oscar, in…

boomerang, curved throwing stick used chiefly by the Aboriginals of Australia for hunting and warfare. Boomerangs are also works of art, and Aboriginals often paint or carve designs on them related to legends and traditions. In addition, boomerangs continue to be used in some religious ceremonies

When you were a kid, the concept of a boomerang may have seemed cool: You throw it and it flies right back to you. But there are some things in life you don’t want to return, like the memory of your first awkward kiss, a significant other who’s now quite insignificant, or even a bounced check. Then

Elia Kazan: Films of the 1940s: …Tracy and Katharine Hepburn, and Boomerang! (1947), a taut film noir thriller with a cast that included Lee J. Cobb, Arthur Kennedy, and Dana Andrews. Kazan’s next effort, the Darryl F. Zanuck-produced Gentleman’s Agreement (1947), won him an Academy Award for best director and also took the award for best…

Belgian literature: The turn of the 19th century: …group associated with the review De Boomgaard (1909–11; “The Orchard”), which included André de Ridder and Paul Gustave van Hecke, strove to be more cosmopolitan than Van Nu en Straks and defended a more dilettante attitude to culture. The elegiac poet Jan van Nijlen had affinities with this group.

boomslang, (Dispholidus typus), venomous snake of the family Colubridae, one of the few colubrid species that is decidedly dangerous to humans. This moderately slender snake grows to about 1.8 metres (6 feet) in length and occurs in savannas throughout sub-Saharan Africa. When hunting, it lies in

Bob Geldof: …and philanthropic activist who formed the Boomtown Rats in the 1970s. He founded the charitable supergroup Band Aid in 1984 and organized the Live Aid concert in 1985 for the relief of famine in Ethiopia.

Belgian literature: After World War II: …(Het begeren, 1952; “Desire”) and Louis-Paul Boon (De kapellekensbaan, 1953; Chapel Road), who examined the bleak lives of the poor and downtrodden; the anguished Existentialism of Jan Walravens (Negatief, 1958; “Negative”); and the experimental novels of Hugo Claus. Boon, Walravens, and Claus belonged to a review group called Tijd en…

comic strip: Women and minorities: from minor characters to creators: Aaron McGruder’s The Boondocks (1997–2006), which was syndicated in some 300 newspapers and transformed into an animated television series, featured a black child of the inner city named Huey Freeman as its main character. This character was the only consistent voice of dissent in American comic strips…

Cartoon Network: History: …such as Rick and Morty, The Boondocks, and Robot Chicken.

Boone, city, Boone county, central Iowa, U.S., just east of the Des Moines River, 15 miles (25 km) west of Ames. Founded in 1865, it was originally called Montana but was renamed (1871) to honour Captain Nathan Boone, son of frontiersman Daniel Boone. The railroad arrived in 1866 and contributed to

Boone, town, seat of Watauga county, northwestern North Carolina, U.S. It is situated atop the Blue Ridge Mountains at an elevation of 3,266 feet (995 metres) near the Tennessee border. On the Daniel Boone Trail at the fork of the Wilderness Road, the settlement was incorporated in 1871 and named

Benson Boone is an American singer-songwriter who came to prominence after accumulating a strong following on the social media app TikTok and appearing on the singing competition show American Idol. Boone is known for his chart-topping singles and evocative performance style, which often involves

Benson Boone is an American singer-songwriter who came to prominence after accumulating a strong following on the social media app TikTok and appearing on the singing competition show American Idol. Boone is known for his chart-topping singles and evocative performance style, which often involves

Pat Boone is an American singer and television personality known for his wholesome pop hits in the 1950s and for hosting evangelical radio and television programs later in life. Boone began performing in public at a young age. After winning a local talent show in the early 1950s, he appeared on

Daniel Boone was an early American frontiersman and legendary hero who helped blaze a trail through Cumberland Gap, a notch in the Appalachian Mountains near the juncture of Virginia, Tennessee, and Kentucky. Boone had little formal schooling but learned to read and write. As a youth, he moved with

Pat Boone: Personal life: …four daughters, one of whom, Debby Boone, is best known for her 1977 number-one hit “You Light Up My Life.”

Julian Schnabel: …the young New York dealer Mary Boone.

Oskaloosa: …was founded there by Captain Nathan Boone, nephew of Daniel Boone, who explored the area in 1835. Settled by Quakers in 1843, it takes its name (meaning “the last of the beautiful”) from a wife of the Seminole chief Osceola. Iowa’s first coal was mined near there by Welsh miners…

Pat Boone is an American singer and television personality known for his wholesome pop hits in the 1950s and for hosting evangelical radio and television programs later in life. Boone began performing in public at a young age. After winning a local talent show in the early 1950s, he appeared on

Richard Boone was an American actor and director who was best known for his work on the television series Have Gun—Will Travel (1957–63). Boone attended Stanford University and later served in the navy during World War II. He subsequently pursued an acting career, and in 1947 he made his Broadway

Boonesborough, resort village, Madison county, east-central Kentucky, U.S., on the Kentucky River, 15 miles (24 km) southeast of Lexington. It is the site of Fort Boonesborough, built about 1775 by frontiersman Daniel Boone and a company of North Carolina men under pioneer Colonel Richard

Boonesborough, resort village, Madison county, east-central Kentucky, U.S., on the Kentucky River, 15 miles (24 km) southeast of Lexington. It is the site of Fort Boonesborough, built about 1775 by frontiersman Daniel Boone and a company of North Carolina men under pioneer Colonel Richard

Boonville, city, seat (1818) of Cooper county, central Missouri, U.S. It lies along the Missouri River, 27 miles (43 km) west of Columbia. Settled in 1810 (by Kentuckians, among others) and named for Daniel Boone, Boonville was enlarged as a fort during the War of 1812 and became an important

Andrew Boorde was an English physician and the author of the first English guidebook to Europe. Boorde (also spelled Borde) was educated at the University of Oxford and was admitted as a member of the Carthusian order while still a minor. In 1521 he was “dispensed from religion” to act as suffragan

John Boorman is a British movie director who is one of the most distinctive stylists of his generation. Boorman began writing film reviews while a teenager. After a stint in the British military, he moved to television in 1955, editing and filming documentaries. He joined the BBC a few years later,

Daniel J. Boorstin was an influential social historian and educator known for his studies of American civilization, notably his major work, The Americans, in three volumes: The Colonial Experience (1958), The National Experience (1965), and The Democratic Experience (1973; Pulitzer Prize, 1974).

Somalia: Settlement patterns: Mogadishu, Berbera, and Boosaaso (Bosaso).

stand-up comedy: Countercultural comedy: them Richard Lewis, Freddie Prinze, Elayne Boosler (one of the few women in a largely male-dominated crowd), and later Jerry Seinfeld—developed an intimate “observational” style, less interested in sociopolitical commentary than in chronicling the trials of everyday urban life, dealing with relationships, and surviving in the ethnic melting pot.

rocket and missile system: Design principles: In the first, called the boost phase, the rocket engine (or engines, if the missile contains two or three stages) provides the precise amount of propulsion required to place the missile on a specific ballistic trajectory. Then the engine quits, and the final stage of the missile (called the payload)…

All investing includes risk, and smart investors manage their risks wisely. One growing approach is to include environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors alongside traditional financial analysis. Unlike values-based investing, which reflects personal beliefs, ESG risk management uses

rocket and missile system: Design principles: In the first, called the boost phase, the rocket engine (or engines, if the missile contains two or three stages) provides the precise amount of propulsion required to place the missile on a specific ballistic trajectory. Then the engine quits, and the final stage of the missile (called the payload)…

atomic bomb: The properties and effects of atomic bombs: In addition, “boosted fission” devices incorporate such fusionable materials as deuterium or tritium into the fission core. The fusionable material boosts the fission explosion by supplying a superabundance of neutrons.

thermonuclear warhead: Basic two-stage design: featuring a fission or boosted-fission primary (also called the trigger) and a physically separate component called the secondary. Both primary and secondary are contained within an outer metal case. Radiation from the fission explosion of the primary is contained and used to transfer energy to compress and ignite the secondary.…

rocket and missile system: Navaho: The rocket booster (which launched the missile until the ramjet ignited) eventually became the Redstone engine, which powered the Mercury manned spacecraft series, and the same basic design was used in the Thor and Atlas ballistic missiles. The guidance system, an inertial autonavigation design, was incorporated into…

water supply system: Pumps: …elevated storage tank are called booster pumps. Well pumps lift water from underground and discharge it directly into a distribution system.

atomic bomb: The properties and effects of atomic bombs: In addition, “boosted fission” devices incorporate such fusionable materials as deuterium or tritium into the fission core. The fusionable material boosts the fission explosion by supplying a superabundance of neutrons.

clothing and footwear industry: Special footwear processes: slip-ons, oxfords, ankle-support shoes, and boots. The term shoe refers to footwear exclusive of sandals and boots. Sandals cover only the sole and are held onto the foot by strapping. Slip-ons cover the sole, instep, and may or may not cover the entire heel; styles include pumps and moccasins. Oxfords…

boot camp, a correctional institution, usually in the United States, modeled after military basic training, where strict discipline, rigorous physical training, and unquestioning obedience are emphasized. The term boot camp encompasses a wide variety of publicly and privately run facilities (both

Tombstone: Restored sites include Boot Hill Cemetery, Bird Cage Theater, the O.K. Corral, and the Tombstone Epitaph (newspaper, 1880) office. Inc. 1881. Pop. (2000) 1,504; (2010) 1,380.

Boötes, constellation in the northern sky, at about 15 hours right ascension and 30° north in declination. The brightest star in Boötes is Arcturus, the fourth brightest star in the sky. The radiant of the Quadrantid meteor shower, which happens in early January, is found in Boötes. The name Boötes

Newhouse family: …record-breaking sum of $305,000,000 for Booth Newspapers, which published eight Michigan newspapers and Parade magazine. Though he paid close attention to his newspapers’ profitability, Newhouse did not impose any editorial policies on his papers; local editors were free to express their own political views.

Winthrop Ames: … in New York and the Booth Theatre. Productions in the two theatres, which he managed into the 1930s, included The Philanderer (1913), by George Bernard Shaw, Galsworthy’s Old English (1924), George S. Kaufman and Marc Connelly’s Beggar on Horseback (1924), an extremely successful series of Gilbert and Sullivan revivals at…

Salvation Army: In 1896 Ballington Booth, another son of the general and national commander in the United States, resigned after a dispute and set up the Volunteers of America. The Volunteers endured and is a national organization with headquarters in New York City.

Catherine Booth was the wife of the founder of the Salvation Army (William Booth), and herself an eloquent preacher and social worker. Her father was a carriage builder and sometime Methodist lay preacher, her mother a deeply religious woman of Puritan type. Catherine, in adolescence an invalid,

Charles Booth was an English shipowner and sociologist whose Life and Labour of the People in London, 17 vol. (1889–91, 1892–97, 1902), contributed to the knowledge of social problems and to the methodology of statistical measurement. In 1866 Booth and his brother Alfred began a shipping service

Cherie Booth is a British attorney specializing in issues of public law and human rights, among others. She is also the wife of Tony Blair, who served as prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007. Booth’s parents, Anthony Booth and Gale Smith, were actors, socialists, and Roman

Fawlty Towers: …by American actress and writer Connie Booth and British comic actor and writer John Cleese, who had been a cast member in the acclaimed British sketch comedy television series Monty Python’s Flying Circus (1969–73). Booth and Cleese married in 1968 and have one daughter, Cynthia Cleese, who went on to…

Edwin Booth was a renowned tragedian of the 19th-century American stage, best remembered as one of the greatest performers of Shakespeare’s Hamlet. He was a member of a famous acting family; his brother was John Wilkes Booth, the assassin of President Abraham Lincoln. At 13 years of age Edwin

Edwin Booth was a renowned tragedian of the 19th-century American stage, best remembered as one of the greatest performers of Shakespeare’s Hamlet. He was a member of a famous acting family; his brother was John Wilkes Booth, the assassin of President Abraham Lincoln. At 13 years of age Edwin

Evangeline Cory Booth was an Anglo-American Salvation Army leader whose dynamic administration expanded that organization’s services and funding and who became its fourth general. Born in the South Hackney section of London, Eva Booth was the daughter of William Booth, soon afterward founder of the

Evangeline Cory Booth was an Anglo-American Salvation Army leader whose dynamic administration expanded that organization’s services and funding and who became its fourth general. Born in the South Hackney section of London, Eva Booth was the daughter of William Booth, soon afterward founder of the

Cranbrook Academy of Art: …by a Detroit newspaper publisher, George G. Booth, and his wife, Ellen Scripps Booth, and is named for his father’s birthplace in England. The art museum (built 1940–41, opened 1942) is one of several buildings of Cranbrook Educational Community on the Booth estate; it is surrounded by landscaped gardens containing…

John Wilkes Booth was a member of one of the United States’ most distinguished acting families of the 19th century and the assassin who killed U.S. Pres. Abraham Lincoln. Booth was the 9th of 10 children born to the actor Junius Brutus Booth. He showed excellent theatrical potential early on but

John Chilembwe: …of an egalitarian fundamentalist missionary, Joseph Booth. Though proud and independent-minded, Chilembwe was eager to learn from whites and to believe the best of them. In 1897 Booth took him to the United States, where Chilembwe received a degree from a black theological college. When he returned to Nyasaland in…

Edwin Booth: …his eccentric father, the actor Junius Brutus Booth (born in London, 1796), who in 1821 had moved to the United States, where he achieved popularity second only to that of the American actor Edwin Forrest.

Fort Pillow Massacre: Initial attack: Lionel Booth, the fort’s commander, was killed by a sniper’s bullet. His second in command, Maj. William Bradford—who would prove to be an inept leader—assumed control. Even the Union gunboat New Era, tasked with aiding the defense of the fort from the river, proved ineffectual…

Mary Louise Booth was an American journalist, prolific translator from the French, and the first editor of Harper’s Bazar (later Bazaar). Booth supplemented her regular schooling with voracious reading and study of languages. At age 14 she taught for a year in a school of which her father was

Maud Ballington Booth was a Salvation Army leader and cofounder of the Volunteers of America. Maud Charlesworth grew up from the age of three in London. The examples of her father, a clergyman, and her mother, who worked with her husband in his slum parish, predisposed Maud to social service, and

Shirley Booth was an American actress who was equally deft in both dramatic and comedic roles and who was the recipient of three Tony Awards, two Emmy Awards, and an Oscar. An amateur actress at age 12, Booth made her professional debut in a regional theater production of The Cat and the Canary

George Booth, 1st Baron Delamere was an English politician who led an abortive Royalist revolt against the Commonwealth government in August 1659. His insurrection foreshadowed the Royalist upsurge that resulted in the restoration of the Stuart monarchy in 1660. Booth sat in the Long Parliament in

Wayne C. Booth was an American critic and teacher associated with the Chicago school of literary criticism. Booth attended Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah (B.A., 1944), and the University of Chicago (M.A., 1947; Ph.D., 1950), where he became devoted to neo-Aristotelian critical methods

Wayne C. Booth was an American critic and teacher associated with the Chicago school of literary criticism. Booth attended Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah (B.A., 1944), and the University of Chicago (M.A., 1947; Ph.D., 1950), where he became devoted to neo-Aristotelian critical methods

William Booth was the founder and general (1878–1912) of the Salvation Army. The son of a speculative builder, Booth was apprenticed as a boy to a pawnbroker. At 15 he underwent the experience of religious conversion and became a revivalist preacher. In 1849 he went to London, where he worked in a

William Bramwell Booth was the second general of the Salvation Army (1912–29) and the eldest son of William and Catherine Booth. He became an active full-time collaborator in 1874 and, from 1880, was the Army’s chief organizer. He carried into practice the social services plans outlined by his

Boothbay Harbor, town, Lincoln county, southern Maine, U.S. It lies on a peninsula of the Atlantic coast between the Sheepscot and Damariscotta rivers, 59 miles (95 km) east-northeast of Portland. The town includes the communities of Boothbay Harbor, Bayville, and West Boothbay Harbor. Originally

Clare Boothe Luce was an American playwright, politician, and celebrity, noted for her satiric sense of humour and for her role in American politics. Luce was born into poverty and an unstable home life; her father, William Franklin Boothe, left the family when she was eight years old. Through

John Boorman: From Deliverance to Hope and Glory: …tribe until his father (Powers Boothe) finds him after a 10-year search. The film was inspired by a true story.

Boothia Peninsula, northernmost portion of mainland North America, reaching latitude 71°58′ N, in Kitikmeot region, Nunavut territory, Canada. It was discovered in 1829 by the British explorer James (later Sir James) Ross, who named it Boothia Felix in honour of Sir Felix Booth (the expedition’s

Boothia Peninsula, northernmost portion of mainland North America, reaching latitude 71°58′ N, in Kitikmeot region, Nunavut territory, Canada. It was discovered in 1829 by the British explorer James (later Sir James) Ross, who named it Boothia Felix in honour of Sir Felix Booth (the expedition’s