Alejandro González Iñárritu: For their next feature film, 21 Grams (2003), González Iñárritu and Arriaga ventured into English-language cinema. As with Amores perros, the film told the story of seemingly isolated individuals whose lives are subtly intertwined. The two men next collaborated on Babel (2006), featuring an international cast headlined by Brad Pitt…

Jonah Hill: …in the 1980s parody film 21 Jump Street (2012), which also starred Channing Tatum, and in the sequel, 22 Jump Street (2014). During this time he also appeared in Quentin Tarantino’s Django Unchained (2012). In 2013 Hill played an exaggerated version of himself in the horror comedy This Is the…

Television in the United States: Teen dramas and adult cartoons: …with such teen-oriented series as 21 Jump Street (1987–91), the story of youthful cops working undercover in Los Angeles high schools, which introduced Johnny Depp, and Beverly Hills 90210 (1990–2000), a prime-time soap opera set in the fictional West Beverly Hills High School. The latter inspired an entire new genre…

The Musée d’Orsay is located in a former railway station and hotel, the Gare d’Orsay, in Paris. Its collection is focused primarily on French art from the second half of the 19th century and early years of the 20th. It is among Paris’s most popular museums, and these 21 paintings are just a

A tomb, according to Britannica’s entry, is “a home or house for the dead.” Here are 21 tombs (or sites of many individual tombs) from around the world that show the varied ways that different cultures at different times have housed and honored their dead. Earlier versions of the descriptions of

21-centimetre radiation, electromagnetic radiation of radio wavelength emitted by cold, neutral, interstellar hydrogen atoms. The hydrogen atom is composed of a positively charged particle, the proton, and a negatively charged particle, the electron. These particles have some intrinsic angular

congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Types and clinical manifestation: …adrenal hyperplasia is deficiency of 21-hydroxylase, an enzyme that catalyzes the next-to-last step in the synthesis of cortisol. In infants with partial 21-hydroxylase deficiency, the production of cortisol is near normal, but there is excess production of adrenal androgens. Excess androgen produced to overcome this deficiency during fetal life results…

Rush: Formation and early albums: With its fourth album, 2112 (1976), however, the band finally reached a mainstream audience. A dystopian concept album that leaned heavily into progressive rock, 2112 established Rush as an up-and-coming hard rock act and earned the band a devoted group of fans. By the late 1970s Rush had developed…

Pappy Boyington: …organized Squadron 214, called the Black Sheep Squadron, one of the most renowned fighting units of the war, operating mostly in the Solomon Islands. On his last mission, on January 3, 1944, he shot down three Japanese aircraft but was himself shot down in Rabaul harbour, New Britain, and was…

Green Day: …for best rock album for 21st Century Breakdown (2009), another ambitious song cycle. It was followed in 2012 by a trilogy—the separately released ¡Uno!, ¡Dos!, and ¡Tré!—that found the band returning to the high-energy immediacy of its punk roots while also drawing inspiration from its classic-rock forebears. Green Day’s next…

Disney Company: Continuing expansion: ABC, Pixar, Marvel Entertainment, and Lucasfilm: …most of the holdings of 21st Century Fox, including the film studio 20th Century Fox. The deal closed in 2019 and was valued at about $71 billion; it also made Disney a majority owner of streaming service Hulu. In 2019 Disney also entered the crowded streaming market under its own…

Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa: Another major commission was the 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art in Kanazawa (2004), a circular building with a glass facade. It was heralded for its panoramic views of the surrounding city and for its unconventional nonlinear floor plan, which encouraged visitors to create their own random paths through the…

Diane di Prima: …of a Song (1990), and 22 Death Poems (1996). She also wrote Dinners and Nightmares (1961; rev. ed., 1974), a book of short stories; a number of plays (collected in Zipcode [1992]); and several autobiographical works, including Memoirs of a Beatnik (1969) and Recollections of My Life as a Woman:…

Council of Five Hundred: In the Coup of 22 Floréal, the Directory successfully pressured leaders in the legislative body to expel 127 of the newly elected delegates. Following more Jacobin victories in the election of 1799, however, the members of the Council of Five Hundred refused to submit to a purge…

Jonah Hill: …Tatum, and in the sequel, 22 Jump Street (2014). During this time he also appeared in Quentin Tarantino’s Django Unchained (2012). In 2013 Hill played an exaggerated version of himself in the horror comedy This Is the End, about the apocalypse, and portrayed the drug-addicted sidekick of the title character…

Hamburg is Germany’s largest port, and it is one of that country’s leading commercial centers. It also boasts a vibrant group of museums headlined by the Hamburger Kunsthalle, where these 22 paintings can be found. Earlier versions of the descriptions of these paintings first appeared in 1001

France: The Jacobin dictatorship: …the Convention passed the infamous law of 22 Prairial, year II (June 10, 1794), to streamline revolutionary justice, denying the accused any effective right to self-defense and eliminating all sentences other than acquittal or death. Indictments by the public prosecutor, now virtually tantamount to a death sentence, multiplied rapidly.

Humans, arguably, have been measuring time ever since they began tracking the rising and setting of the Sun. That means horology—the study of time’s measurement—has a very long history. This list is a brief horological primer. Earlier versions of these questions and answers first appeared in the

Oslo and Utøya attacks of 2011, terrorist attacks on Oslo and mass shooting on the island of Utøya in Norway on July 22, 2011, in which 77 people were killed—the deadliest incident on Norwegian soil since World War II. At 3:26 pm an explosion rocked downtown Oslo, shattering windows and damaging

The Taj Mahal may be India’s most iconic monument, but it’s just one of many of the country’s significant buildings. Earlier versions of the descriptions of these buildings first appeared in 1001 Buildings You Must See Before You Die, edited by Mark Irving (2016). Writers’ names appear in

Eavan Boland: …unpolished poetry in the pamphlet 23 Poems (1962), she wrote New Territory (1967), a full-length book of 22 poems about Irish mythology, the creativity of artists, and her self-identity.

Anne Wojcicki: …of the personal genetics company 23andMe.

24, American prime-time television action-suspense series that aired on the Fox Network in 2001–10 and 2014. It was syndicated globally. The show was one of Fox’s most successful programs in the 21st century, garnering dozens of Emmy Award nominations and winning the award for outstanding drama

Girish Karnad: Acting and directing: …Life Goes On (2009), and 24 (2016), among others.

Johannes von Müller: ; The History of the World), is indebted to the historical outlook of the Enlightenment but points forward to Leopold von Ranke in its religious conception. In Fürstenbund (1787; “League of Princes”) and Reisen der Päpste (1782; “Travels of the Popes”), which are political journalism, Müller…

Niccolò Paganini: …1807 he wrote the 24 Capricci for unaccompanied violin, displaying the novel features of his technique, and the two sets of six sonatas for violin and guitar. He reappeared in Italy as a violinist in 1805 and was appointed director of music at Piombino by Napoleon’s sister, Élisa Bonaparte Baciocchi.…

24 Hours of Le Mans, probably the world’s best-known automobile race, run annually (with few exceptions) since 1923 at the Sarthe road-racing circuit, near Le Mans, France. Since 1928 the winner has been the car that travels the greatest distance in a 24-hour time period. The racing circuit is

bullet ant, (Paraponera clavata), large predatory neotropical ant known for its extremely painful sting. The bullet ant is found in the humid lowland rainforests of Central and South America, ranging from El Salvador and Honduras to Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil. The bullet ant’s sting is said to feel

24-hour clock, time convention that begins the day at 00:00 and ends at 23:59, although 24:00 can be used to refer to 00:00 of the following day. The 24-hour clock is the international standard format for time (ISO 8601) and is currently the most widespread time notation worldwide. Professionals in

aerospace engineering: Aeronautical engineering: …accepted until 1933, when the Boeing 247-D entered service. The twin-engine design of the latter established the foundation of modern air transport.

Bruno Mars: Silk Sonic and other releases and collaborations: …of his third studio album, 24K Magic (2016), which drew inspiration from 1990s R&B music. A commercial hit, it also won numerous Grammy Awards, most notably for best album, record, and song (“That’s What I Like”). Mars later joined with Anderson .Paak to form Silk Sonic, and in 2021 they…

Adele: …in 2015 with the album 25. Although some critics felt it did not take enough risks, Adele’s voice was no less powerful, and her ability to sell records remained undiminished. The yearning single “Hello” became a hit in numerous countries, and more than 20 million copies of the album were…

Lisbon: City site: …of the city, by the 25th of April Bridge. Just east of the bridge, the Tagus suddenly broadens into a bay 7 miles (11 km) wide called the Mar de Palha (“Sea of Straw”) because of the way that it shimmers in the sun. The widest part of the Tagus…

Florence is often called the birthplace of the Renaissance, which reached its peak in the 15th century. This Italian city has innumerable artistic treasures, these 25 paintings among them. Earlier versions of the descriptions of these paintings first appeared in 1001 Paintings You Must See Before

China’s recorded history stretches back more than 4,000 years. These 25 buildings merely scratch the surface of the country’s rich architectural heritage. Earlier versions of the descriptions of these buildings first appeared in 1001 Buildings You Must See Before You Die, edited by Mark Irving

Dag Solstad: In 25 September Plassen (1974; “September 25th Square”) he showed the growing political awareness on the part of factory workers in the period following World War II. Svik. Førkrigsår (1977; “Betrayal: Prewar Years”) and Krig. 1940 (1978; “War: 1940”) were the first two in a series…

In the early morning of January 17, 1991, warplanes, attack helicopters, and missiles belonging to an international coalition led by the United States struck a variety of military and government targets in Iraq, commencing a campaign—code-named Operation Desert Storm—that sought to force Iraq to

A eulogy of the Soviet Union would read that the 74-year-old superpower succumbed to a prolonged illness on December 31, 1991. During its final months, increasingly desperate measures were used in an attempt to stave off the demise of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, but these served only

Spike Lee: Mid-career: Malcolm X, 25th Hour, and Inside Man: …paean to the sport, and 25th Hour (2002), which focuses on the last day of freedom for a convicted drug dealer (played by Edward Norton). Inside Man (2006), starring Denzel Washington and Jodie Foster, centers on the negotiations between the police and the bank robbers engaged in a hostage situation,…

Lisbon: City site: …of the city, by the 25th of April Bridge. Just east of the bridge, the Tagus suddenly broadens into a bay 7 miles (11 km) wide called the Mar de Palha (“Sea of Straw”) because of the way that it shimmers in the sun. The widest part of the Tagus…

Dividing history into decades is an arbitrary but sometimes very useful way of trying to understand the arcs and significance of events. Trying to identify any single event as crucial to the understanding of a given decade may be even more arbitrary. It is certainly subjective. Nevertheless, that

Paris is known today as the City of Lights. Thousands of years ago it was called Midwater-Dwelling—which is how its Latin name, Lutetia, can be translated. This list covers just a few of the most notable structures built in Paris over all of these years. The descriptions of these buildings appear

2600: The Hacker Quarterly, American magazine, founded in 1984 and sometimes called “the hacker’s bible,” that has served as both a technical journal, focusing on technological exploration and know-how, and a muckraking magazine, exposing government and corporate misdeeds. 2600: The Hacker

Roberto Bolaño: …publication of his magnum opus, 2666 (2004). That massive novel is divided into five loosely connected sections, which Bolaño considered publishing separately. The book’s most-acclaimed section, the fourth, details a series of gruesome murders of young women (loosely based on actual murders that took place in Juárez, Mexico, at the…

26th of July Movement, revolutionary movement led by Fidel Castro that overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista in Cuba (1959). Its name commemorates an attack on the Santiago de Cuba army barracks on July 26, 1953. The movement began formally in 1955 when Castro went to Mexico to form a

In 1994 Kurt Cobain, front man of the grunge band Nirvana, died by suicide at age 27. After his death Cobain’s grieving mother told the Associated Press, “Now he’s gone and joined that stupid club.” The “club” she was referring to is the 27 Club, so called because of the tragic roster of musicians

Katherine Heigl: …subsequent movies included the lighthearted 27 Dresses (2008), in which she starred as a serial bridesmaid looking for Mr. Right, The Ugly Truth (2009), and Life As We Know It (2010), about a mismatched couple entrusted with raising an orphaned infant. She also appeared in the action comedies Killers (2010),…

Sandra Bullock: Commercial success: In 2000 her performance in 28 Days was praised, as she balanced humor with vulnerability to portray a writer and party girl who is sent to rehabilitation. Later that year Bullock had a box office hit with Miss Congeniality, a comedy in which she played an FBI agent who goes…

Danny Boyle: 28 Days Later and Slumdog Millionaire: …with the postapocalyptic zombie film 28 Days Later, which helped launch Cillian Murphy as a leading man. Boyle continued to show his versatility with Millions (2004), a heartwarming story about a motherless boy who finds the proceeds of a bank robbery.

California has been a hotbed of architectural changes and innovation. From the wacky to the sublime, this list shows the wide range of architectural experimentation and aesthetics in the Golden State. Earlier versions of the descriptions of these buildings first appeared in 1001 Buildings You Must

Alex Garland: Civil War, Warfare, and 28 Years Later: ” Warfare was followed by 28 Years Later, the long-awaited sequel to 28 Days Later, for which Garland again reunited with Boyle, their first collaboration in nearly two decades.

The Louvre in Paris has a collection that reaches from ancient civilizations to the mid-19th century. The museum’s history can be traced as far back as the 12th century, when a fortress was built on the site of the present-day museum; in 1546 King Francis I knocked much of that down and began

Alfred Stieglitz: The Photo-Secession: …protégé Steichen, Stieglitz opened the Little Galleries of the Photo-Secession, a name soon shortened to 291, the gallery’s address on lower Fifth Avenue in New York City. During the gallery’s first four years it most often functioned as an exhibition space for the Photo-Secession photographers. By the 1909 season, however,…

Dada: …and Paris; his Dada periodical, 291, was published in New York, Zürich, Paris, and Barcelona from 1917 through 1924.

tank: Interwar developments: …the French built 10 68-ton 2C tanks with the first turret-mounted 75-mm guns and continued to develop 75-mm-gun tanks, notably the 30-ton Char B of 1936.

mobile telephone: Development of cellular systems: …are known as the “second generation” (2G). Since the introduction of 2G cell phones, various enhancements have been made in order to provide data services and applications such as Internet browsing, two-way text messaging, still-image transmission, and mobile access by personal computers. One of the most successful applications of…

interstellar object: Comets Borisov and ATLAS: The second interstellar object, Comet Borisov (also called 2I Borisov), was discovered by Russian amateur astronomer Gennady Borisov on August 30, 2019. Observations revealed a cometary coma and tail as well as an orbit showing an origin from outside the solar system. In many of its properties the comet…

Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), astronomical survey conducted from 1997 to 2001 of the entire sky at near-infrared wavelengths. Two automated 1.3-metre (4.3-foot) telescopes were used. One was at Mount Hopkins, Arizona; the other was at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. The

George Nugent Temple Grenville, 1st marquess of Buckingham was George Grenville’s second son, created (1784) the marquess of Buckingham (the town). He made his mark as lord lieutenant of Ireland. Educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, Temple was member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire from

Francisco Goya: The Napoleonic invasion and period after the restoration: The 2nd of May 1808 in Madrid, or “The Fight of the Mamelukes” and The 3rd of May 1808 in Madrid, or “The Executions” were painted to commemorate the popular insurrection in Madrid. Like The Disasters, they are compositions of dramatic realism, and their monumental…

Tupac Shakur was an influential American rapper and actor who was one of the leading names in 1990s gangsta rap. With his raw talent and thoughtful lyrics, he frequently addressed social issues in his songs and became an enduring symbol of artistic expression in hip-hop culture. Lesane Crooks was

Tupac Shakur: 2Pacalypse Now, Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z., and first film roles: 2Pacalypse Now was a radical break from the dance party sound of Digital Underground, and its tone and content were much closer to the works of Public Enemy and West Coast gangsta rappers N.W.A. The lack of a clear single on the album limited its…

number symbolism: 3: The number 3 is a very mystical and spiritual number featured in many folktales (three wishes, three guesses, three little pigs, three bears, three billy goats gruff). In ancient Babylon the three primary gods were Anu, Bel (Baal), and Ea, representing Heaven, Earth, and…

Catherine Deneuve: …Beloved) and 3 Coeurs (2014; 3 Hearts). Deneuve’s older sister, Françoise Dorléac, was also a successful actress. The sisters appeared together in one film, Demy’s Les Demoiselles de Rochefort (1967; The Young Girls of Rochefort).

Kevin Costner: Open Range, Hidden Figures, and Molly’s Game: …manage his family life in 3 Days to Kill, the general manager of an NFL team in Draft Day, and a single man trying to raise his biracial granddaughter in Black or White. The next year he starred as a high-school cross-country running coach in McFarland, USA.

Jafar Panahi: Taxi, It Was Just an Accident, and legal issues: In Se rokh (2018; 3 Faces), Panahi and actress Behnaz Jafari undertake a road trip to find a young girl whose family bars her from pursuing an acting career.

De La Soul: …replete with quirky interlude skits, 3 Feet High and Rising influenced not only De La Soul’s own self-constructed “family” of alternative rappers (ranging from A Tribe Called Quest to Queen Latifah) but also groups as disparate as Public Enemy (who were inspired by the collage-sampling technique of “Prince Paul”) and…

Catherine Deneuve: …Beloved) and 3 Coeurs (2014; 3 Hearts). Deneuve’s older sister, Françoise Dorléac, was also a successful actress. The sisters appeared together in one film, Demy’s Les Demoiselles de Rochefort (1967; The Young Girls of Rochefort).

Kareena Kapoor: Debut and rise to superstardom: …of the hit comedy drama 3 Idiots (2009), in which she played a sharp, strong-willed medical student who falls in love with a brilliant but rebellious engineering student (Aamir Khan) who routinely challenges her father (Boman Irani), the authoritarian dean of the engineering college.

John Guare: Later plays included 3 Kinds of Exile (2013), which premiered Off-Broadway and starred Guare, and A Free Man of Color (2010). Guare also wrote several screenplays, notably Atlantic City (1980), for which he received an Academy Award nomination, and the 1993 adaptation of his play Six Degrees of…

Measuring a company’s liquidity ratio is like checking a car’s fuel or electricity gauge. Even a zippy Lamborghini or top-of-the-line Tesla won’t get you to your destination if it runs short of juice. Likewise, if a company runs out of cash—or assets to be converted to cash—to pay its short-term

Russia: Expansion of the empire: …country by drafting the “Constitution of 3 May 1791,” which provided for stronger royal authority, established four-year sessions of the elected Sejm (the Polish diet), abolished the liberum veto in its proceedings (under the liberum veto, any single member of the Sejm could kill a measure), and introduced significant…

Robert Altman: M*A*S*H and the 1970s: …producer, director, and writer for Three Women (1977). A mystical investigation into the nature of identity (based on a dream Altman had), with Shelley Duvall, Sissy Spacek, and Janice Rule, it polarized critics. Altman and his production company, Lion’s Gate Films, also played an important role in supporting the career…

gallic acid, substance occurring in many plants, either in the free state or combined as gallotannin. It is present to the extent of 40–60 percent combined as gallotannic acid in tara (any of various plants of the genus Caesalpinia) and in Aleppo and Chinese galls (swellings of plant tissue), from

thyroxine, one of the two major hormones secreted by the thyroid gland (the other is triiodothyronine). Thyroxine’s principal function is to stimulate the consumption of oxygen and thus the metabolism of all cells and tissues in the body. Thyroxine is formed by the molecular addition of iodine to

therapeutics: Hormones: hormones include thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which regulate tissue metabolism. Natural desiccated thyroid produced from beef and pork and the synthetic derivatives levothyroxine and liothyronine are used in replacement therapy to treat hypothyroidism that results from any cause.

citral (C10H16O), a pale yellow liquid, with a strong lemon odour, that occurs in the essential oils of plants. It is insoluble in water but soluble in ethanol (ethyl alcohol), diethyl ether, and mineral oil. It is used in perfumes and flavourings and in the manufacture of other chemicals.

3-D, motion-picture process that gives a three-dimensional quality to film images. It is based on the fact that humans perceive depth by viewing with both eyes. In the 3-D process, two cameras or a twin-lensed camera are used for filming, one representing the left eye and the other the right. The

graphics processing unit: Technology made to render 3-D graphics and video had been used for decades before the GPU was invented. The first electronic stored-program computer, the Small Scale Experimental Machine (or, more informally, “Manchester Baby”) was created in 1948 and displayed images with a cathode-ray tube. The Whirlwind computer, a project…

radar: Antennas: …beams (as in the so-called 3D radars, which measure elevation angle in addition to azimuth and range), and in applications that require ultralow antenna sidelobe radiation.

organosulfur compound: Sulfonium and oxosulfonium salts; sulfur ylides: …source of the methyl group; thetin or 3-dimethylsulfonium propanoate, (CH3)2S+CH2CH2CO2−; and certain (2-hydroxyethyl)dimethylsulfoxonium salts, (CH3)2S+(O)CH2CH2OH. The latter two compounds occur in marine organisms. Thetin is an example of a zwitterion, a compound that is an internal ion pair; in the

cresol: structures: ortho- (o-) cresol, meta- (m-) cresol, and para- (p-) cresol.

metabolism: Formation of lipids: …[85b]), or 3-phosphatidyl-glycerol 1′-phosphate (PGP; in [85c]). These reactions differ from those of polysaccharide biosynthesis ([79], [82]) in that phosphate is retained in the phospholipid, and the nucleotide product (CMP) is therefore a nucleoside monophosphate rather than the diphosphate. These compounds can react further: phosphatidylserine to give, sequentially, phosphatidylethanolamine…

metabolism: The formation of ATP: …ADP to form ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate. This reaction [7] is highly exergonic (i.e., it proceeds with a loss of free energy); as a result, the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, step [6], is irreversible. In summary, the energy liberated during oxidation of an aldehyde group (―CHO in glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate) to a…

carbohydrate: Role in the biosphere: …immediate phosphorous-containing product known as 3-phosphoglyceric acid is formed.

chemical weapon: Incapacitants: … compounds—for instance, 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ), LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), mescaline, and methaqualone—and at one time the U.S. Army fielded BZ weapons. Those chemical weapons are designed not to kill; however, even incapacitants can cause permanent injury or loss of life if employed in high dosages or if they cause…

pi, in mathematics, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. The symbol π was devised by British mathematician William Jones in 1706 to represent the ratio and was later popularized by Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler. Because pi is irrational (not equal to the ratio of any two

Adele: …released her fourth studio album, 30. The emotionally candid work—many of the songs deal with her divorce and its aftermath—was widely acclaimed, and the single “Easy on Me” won the Grammy for best pop solo performance.

number game: Coloured squares and cubes: …widely known perhaps is the 30 Coloured Cubes Puzzle. If six colours are used to paint the faces there result 2,226 different combinations. If from this total only those cubes that bear all six colours on their faces are selected, a set of 30 different cubes is obtained; two cubes…

Tarantula Nebula, (catalog number NGC 2070) immense ionized-hydrogen region in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way system (in which Earth is located). The nebula consists of a cloud of interstellar gas—principally hydrogen—lit from within by young, hot stars that ionize

Council of Five Hundred: …what became known as the Coup of 30 Prairial. In addition, Lucien Bonaparte was elected president of the Council of Five Hundred.

30 Rock, a critically acclaimed American television sitcom that aired on the NBC (National Broadcasting Co., Inc.) network from 2006 to 2013. The series, created by the American comedy writer and actor Tina Fey, is based on Fey’s experiences as a head writer and performer on Saturday Night Live, a

Jared Leto: …the popular alternative rock band 30 Seconds to Mars.

The Gherkin, skyscraper in London that was designed by the architecture firm Foster and Partners and completed in 2004. Formally known as 30 St Mary Axe, the building has become better known by its colloquial name “The Gherkin,” which comes from its shape being similar to a gherkin fruit. It was

Gerard Butler: …star with his performance in 300 as the Spartan warrior King Leonidas, whose 300 warriors held off the vast Persian army at the Battle of Thermopylae. The highly stylized film was an unexpected box-office hit. Refusing to be typecast by his success, Butler switched genres with the romantic comedy P.S.…

Frank Miller: …artist Lynn Varley to create 300 (1999), a stylized depiction of the Spartan defense at the Battle of Thermopylae. Miller revisited his alternative take on Batman with The Dark Knight Strikes Again (2001–02), which sold well but failed to garner the critical and commercial acclaim enjoyed by its predecessor. Miller’s…

Neil Gorsuch: Select majority opinions written by Gorsuch: ” In 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis (2023), Gorsuch spoke for the Court’s majority in his ruling that a website designer in Colorado who wished to expand her services to include websites celebrating marriages could not be forced to include websites for same-sex marriages, because doing so…

April 25, 2016, marked the 30th anniversary of the Chernobyl accident, the worst disaster in the history of nuclear power generation. The Chernobyl power station, located in the town of Pryp’yat (now in Ukraine), consisted of four 1,000-megawatt nuclear reactors. During the night of April 25–26,

star: Stellar atmospheres: Observations of the eclipsing binary 31 Cygni show that the K-type supergiant component has an extremely inhomogeneous, extended atmosphere composed of numerous blobs and filaments. As the secondary member of this system slowly moves behind the larger star, its light shines through larger masses of the K-type star’s atmosphere. If…

There is evidence of prehistoric settlement at the site now occupied by Madrid, but the city’s origins can be more confidently traced back to at least the 10th century CE. This long history is echoed in the rich collections of the museums found there today. The 32 paintings listed here are just a