Why Do Skunks Spray?

Skunks spray as a highly effective defense mechanism to deter predators and threats. They are equipped with two anal scent glands that are highly specialized and produce a potent, noxious liquid. Each scent gland has a nipple associated with it, which allows the skunk to aim the spray with precision. When a skunk feels threatened, it can deliver the spray as a fine mist or a direct stream. The spray contains sulfur compounds known as thiols and thioacetates. These compounds are offensive to many animals, including humans, because of their strong and persistent odor.

Skunks often engage in a series of warning behaviors before they spray—they may stand up on their hind paws and slam their front paws to the ground, hiss loudly, and even perform a handstand. These behaviors serve as a visual warning to potential threats, giving them a chance to retreat before the skunk resorts to using its spray. This strategy conserves the skunk’s spray as once the glands are empty, the animal usually needs 10 days or more to replenish the deterrent liquid.