American foulbrood

Nosema species, Paenibacillus larvae (American foulbrood), and sacbrood virus. Many of those pathogens are present in increased abundance in hives affected by CCD, though no pathogens have been found definitively to cause the disorder.

American foulbrood, caused by a spore-forming bacterium, Bacillus larvae, is the most serious brood disease. It occurs throughout the world wherever bees are kept and affects workers, drones, and queens. The spores are highly resistant to heat and chemicals. A comb containing brood severely infected…

…affected by the brood disease American foulbrood could infect his colonies and cause a serious loss.