The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) is the newer museum of the two, having been constructed in the 21st century. The Egyptian Museum was founded in the 19th century and has been located near Ismailia Square (now Tahrir Square) in downtown Cairo since the early 20th century. It was especially known for housing items from the tomb of Tutankhamun. By the end of the century, however, the museum had become crowded with objects and susceptible to vibrations from the city’s traffic. Egypt’s Ministry of Culture thus decided to build a new museum, the result of which was the GEM. The GEM was constructed outside Cairo, near the Pyramids of Giza, and filled with pieces from a number of cultural institutions throughout Egypt, including the Egyptian Museum. The older museum’s Tutankhamun collection was moved into the GEM for the newer museum’s opening in 2025.